Accepted Manuscript Title: Wii Fit exer-game training improves sensory weighting and dynamic balance in healthy young adults Author: Brian L. Cone Susan S. Levy Daniel J. Goble PII: DOI: Reference:
S0966-6362(15)00033-8 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.01.030 GAIPOS 4415
To appear in:
Gait & Posture
Received date: Revised date: Accepted date:
6-8-2014 26-1-2015 30-1-2015
Please cite this article as: Cone BL, Wii Fit exer-game training improves sensory weighting and dynamic balance in healthy young adults, Gait and Posture (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.01.030 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
1
Wii Fit exer-game training improves sensory weighting and
ip t
dynamic balance in healthy young adults Brian L. Conea, Susan S. Levya, Daniel J. Goblea*
San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences
cr
a
us
Sensorimotor and Rehabilitation Technology Laboratory 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA,USA 92182
an
Emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
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d
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Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Jacob Lawler Schwartz MA, Cameron Carmichael BSc, Jeff Hinshaw MA and Anna Sampson, BSc for assistance in the data collection and analysis phases of this work. Funding for this study was provided to D Goble by the National Skeletal Muscle Research Center at the University of California San Diego. The sponsors for this grant had no role in any aspect of the study design, implementation or manuscript composition.
Ac ce p
Keywords: Postural control, Vestibular Function, Limits of Stability, Balance Intervention, Body sway *Corresponding Author Daniel J. Goble, PhD Assistant Professor and Director of the SMaRTlab School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences San Diego State University 5500 Campanile Drive San Diego, CA, USA, 92182-7251 Tel: 619-594-7272 E-mail: [email protected]
Page 1 of 22
2
Abstract The Nintendo Wii Fit is a balance training tool that is growing in popularity due
ip t
to its ease of access and cost-effectiveness. While considerable evidence now exists
cr
demonstrating the efficacy of the Wii Fit, no study to date has determined the specific mechanism underlying Wii Fit balance improvement. This paucity of knowledge was
us
addressed in the present study using the NeuroCom Balance Manager’s Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Limits of Stability (LOS) test. These well-recognized
an
posturography assessments respectively measure sensory weighting and dynamic stability
M
mechanisms of balance. Forty healthy, young participants were recruited into two groups: Wii Fit Balance Intervention (WFBI) (n=20) and Control (CON) (n=20). Balance training
d
consisted of seven Wii Fit exer-games played over the course of six consecutive weeks
te
(2-4x/week, 30-45min/day). The WFBI group performed Neurocom testing before and after the intervention, while the CON group was tested along a similar timeline with no
Ac ce p
intervention. Mixed-design ANOVAs found significant interactions for testing time point and condition 5 of the SOT (p
S0966-6362(15)00033-8 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.01.030 GAIPOS 4415
To appear in:
Gait & Posture
Received date: Revised date: Accepted date:
6-8-2014 26-1-2015 30-1-2015
Please cite this article as: Cone BL, Wii Fit exer-game training improves sensory weighting and dynamic balance in healthy young adults, Gait and Posture (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.01.030 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
1
Wii Fit exer-game training improves sensory weighting and
ip t
dynamic balance in healthy young adults Brian L. Conea, Susan S. Levya, Daniel J. Goblea*
San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences
cr
a
us
Sensorimotor and Rehabilitation Technology Laboratory 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA,USA 92182
an
Emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
te
d
M
Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Jacob Lawler Schwartz MA, Cameron Carmichael BSc, Jeff Hinshaw MA and Anna Sampson, BSc for assistance in the data collection and analysis phases of this work. Funding for this study was provided to D Goble by the National Skeletal Muscle Research Center at the University of California San Diego. The sponsors for this grant had no role in any aspect of the study design, implementation or manuscript composition.
Ac ce p
Keywords: Postural control, Vestibular Function, Limits of Stability, Balance Intervention, Body sway *Corresponding Author Daniel J. Goble, PhD Assistant Professor and Director of the SMaRTlab School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences San Diego State University 5500 Campanile Drive San Diego, CA, USA, 92182-7251 Tel: 619-594-7272 E-mail: [email protected]
Page 1 of 22
2
Abstract The Nintendo Wii Fit is a balance training tool that is growing in popularity due
ip t
to its ease of access and cost-effectiveness. While considerable evidence now exists
cr
demonstrating the efficacy of the Wii Fit, no study to date has determined the specific mechanism underlying Wii Fit balance improvement. This paucity of knowledge was
us
addressed in the present study using the NeuroCom Balance Manager’s Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Limits of Stability (LOS) test. These well-recognized
an
posturography assessments respectively measure sensory weighting and dynamic stability
M
mechanisms of balance. Forty healthy, young participants were recruited into two groups: Wii Fit Balance Intervention (WFBI) (n=20) and Control (CON) (n=20). Balance training
d
consisted of seven Wii Fit exer-games played over the course of six consecutive weeks
te
(2-4x/week, 30-45min/day). The WFBI group performed Neurocom testing before and after the intervention, while the CON group was tested along a similar timeline with no
Ac ce p
intervention. Mixed-design ANOVAs found significant interactions for testing time point and condition 5 of the SOT (p
