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Immunology Today, vol. 4, No. 5, 1983

contract research. Some universities have also encouraged the establishment of science-based companies near their campuses. Others have departments or staff m e m b e r s specifically to promote industrial liaison and to advise on the many legal and financial implications that collaborations with industry may involve. Along with the above developments there are new signs, in the U K at least, that the G o v e r n m e n t appears to have recognized the shortcomings of its recent policy on university funding. It is providing additional funds for 230 'new blood' appointments 4 and has also established a n u m b e r of posts in biotechnology. The Medical Research Council and the Royal Society have also introduced schemes to support active research groups or promising individuals whose research has been threatened by the decline in support from the University Grants Committee 5. Such measures (though welcome) will in no way repair the ravages on m a n p o w e r and morale, but may slow the decline. But the relationship between academia and industry can be improved in other ways; these necessitate a generosity of spirit rather than of purse. There must be a greater dialogue between universities and industry and more interchange of staff between the two - more academics holding dual appointments or consultancies (as in the USA), m o r e students taking sandwich courses and graduates getting industrial experience before taking postgraduate courses6. Universities planning certain undergraduate courses and postgraduate training programmes should also give more consideration to the needs of industry in the interests of their students' future. They should also more frequently run top-up, conversion and post-experience courses of both a theoretical and practical nature 6. Industry in turn should more effectively remind academics of the kinds of graduates it requires and improve its standing a m o n g academics by sponsoring more enthusiastically research studentships, postgraduate courses and scientific meetings. As others have suggested (Bach and Thornton, p.125, and Ref. 6) learned societies and professional bodies also have a role to play. T h e y usually represent widely diverse interests from academia and industry and generally speaking they have a reputation for fair play. T h e y can offer wise counsel on ways of promoting a better understanding between academia and industry, advising on areas where mutual collaboration is desirable, and organizing seminars and meetings on topics of

joint interest. They can also monitor the effects of this changing relationship. Industrial concerns are now involving themselves more deeply in basic research problems which used to be the exclusive domain o f academics. Nevertheless, they are extremely anxious that academic research survives. Industry recognizes that universities supply both the recruits for their work-force and m a n y of the innovations on which their own future depends. Indeed there are even those in industry (as well as academia) who warn of dangers if academia becomes too dependent upon industrial support (A. Williamson, cited on p. 128); they believe that this would impair the independence of the very research base which generated so many of the real breakthroughs o f the 1970s and 1980s. As stressed by others, the primary requirem e n t m a y be not so much for an increased partnership between academia and industry but for an increased understanding of each other's roles that will strengthen co-operation between the two (see Fusfeld in Ref. 3). Concluding

to our former position (R. Jefferis, p. 130). It is also in the interests of the many people receiving academic training in immunology and other biomedical sciences that when qualified they may be respectfully employed doing something which might ultimately benefit humanity. In seeking this new partnership we must not overlook the raison d'itre of the universities and their primary obligation to foster an environment conducive to free enquiry. Finally the main reason for harnessing the new technologies is to enrich the lives of ordinary people 7. Let us hope that ordinary people will be able to afford the solutions when they come.

References

1 2 3 4

Redfearn, J. (1981) Nature (London) 290, 285 Wright, P. The Times, 18June 1982 Peterson, I. (1983) Sci. News Lett. 123, 76-77 University Grants Committee (1983) Circular Letter 1/83, Ref 2034/073 5 Anon. (1982)Nature(London)300, 7-8 6 The Royal Society (1981) Biotechnology and Education - The Report of a Workshop Group 7 Hoyle, D., quoted in The Scotsman, 19 August 1982

comments

Attitudes are changing but it is obvious that certain doubts and suspicions remain 3. Problems will arise some anticipated, some new. W e are advised to face up to these problems, to discuss them openly rather than retreat

Keith James is in the Department of Surgery, University of Edinburgh, UK, and is Education Secretary of the British Society for Immunology. With one of his collaborators, Dr D. B. L. McClelland, he recently stgned a research agreatu~t with a leading British biotechnology company.

Emplg_loyment o p p g r t u n i t i e s

in industry_

Where the jobs have been T h e following firms have since 1981 recruited staffwith experience of i m m u n o l o g y or immunological techniques. T h e current accuracy of the information given has been checked but cannot be guaranteed. N o r can the completeness of the list. W e will gladly publish at a later date any a m e n d m e n t s or additions to this list brought to our attention. Abbott Laboratories

American Qualex

NorthChicago IL 60064USA

14620 FirestoneBoulevard La Mirada CA 90638USA

Advanced Biotechnologies Inc

12150TechRoad SilverSpring MD 20904USA

AllelixInc 6850GorewayDrive Mississauga Ontario Canada

L4V IPI

505 KingAvenue Columbus OH 43201 USA

AMGen

1900Oak TerraceLane ThousandOaks CA 91320USA

Agrigenetics Corporation

5649EastBuckeyeRoad Madison EI 33716USA

Battele Columbus Laboratories

Amoco Research Center

PO Box400 Naperville IL 60566 USA Antibodies Incorporated

PO Box 1560

Becton Dickinson Immunodiagnostics

Mountain ViewAvenue Orangeburg NY 10962USA Becton Dickinson Research Center

PO Box 12016 ResearchTrianglePark NC 27709 USA

Davis

Bioclone Ltd

Corporation

Armos Corporation

Biogen SA

5555ValleyBlvd

180 KimballWay SouthSan Francisco CA 94080USA

46 Rte desAcaxias 1226Carouge GenevaSwitzerland

CA 95617 USA

Alpha Therapeutic

Los Angeles

CA 90032 USA

3 HockneyRoad BradfordBD89HQ UK

140

Immunology Today, vol. 4, No. 5, 1983

Biogenex Laboratories 6529 Sierra Ln. Dublin C A 94566 USA

Cytogen Corporation 201 College Road East Princeton NJ 08540 USA

Imreg Inc P O Box 56643 New Orleans LA 70156 USA

Molecular Geneticl lnc 10320 Bern Road East Minnetonka MN 55343 USA

Smith Kline and French Labs 1538 Spring Garden Street Philadelphia PA 19101 USA

Bio-Rad Laboratories 2200 Wright Avenue Richmond CA 94804 USA

Damon Biotech 115 Fourth Avenue Needham Heights MA 02192 USA

Ingene 1701 Colorado Avenue Santa Monica CA 90404 USA

Monoclonal Antibodies Inc 2319 Charleston Road Mountain View C A 94043 USA

Southern Medical and Pharmaceuticals Corporation 128 South Moon Avenue FL 33511 USA

Biotech Research Laboratories

Diagnostic Products Corporation 5700 West 96th Street Los Angeles CA 90045 USA

Institut PaJteur Production 3 Boulevard Raymond Poincar~ 92430 Marnes-La-Coquette France

Monotech Laboratorie. Ltd 55 St Vincent Street Glasgow UK

Sterlln~Winthrop Research Institute Columbia Turnpike Rennsalaer NY 12144 USA

Interferon Sciences Inc 703.Jersey Avenue New Brunswick NJ 08901 U S A

N e w England Nuclear 601 Treble Cove Road Billerica MA 01862 USA

International Genetic Sciences Partnership 155-25 Styler Road Jamaica NY 11433 USA

Norwich Eaton PharmaeeuticalJ Inc 17 Eaton Avenue Not~vich NY 13815 USA

Inveresk Relearch International Ltd Musselburgh EH21 7UB UK

Oncogen 3005 First Avenue Seatde WA 98121 USA

Kabigen AB Lindhagensgatan 133 Stockholm Sweden S-112 87

Ortho Diagnostics Sytems Inc 410 University Avenue Westwoed MA 02090 USA

Kallestad Laboratories Inc 2101 East Ben White Boulevard Austin "IX 78741 USA

Quidel 11077 North Torrey Pines Road LaJolla CA 92037 USA

Inc 3 Taft Court Rockville Maryland MA 20050 USA Boehringer Mannhein G M b H Postfach120 D-8132 Tutzing FRG BRL Box 577 87 lg Grovemont Circle Gaithershurg MD 20760 USA California Biotechnology Inc PO Box 51650 Palo Alton CA 94303 USA

Dnax Research Institute 1450 Page Mill Road Palo Alto C A 94304 U S A Du Pont Company Wilmington DE 19898 USA Enr,o Biochem Inc 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013 USA Genentec Inc 640 Point San Bruno Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA

Carcinex Inc 9 Mt. Darwin San Rafael CA 94903 USA

Genetic Systems Corporation 3005 First Avenue Seattle WA 90121 USA

Carter-Wnllace lnc PO Box 1 Half Acre Road Cranbury NJ 08512 U S A

Genex Corporation 12300 Washington Avenue Rockville M D 20852 U S A

Land O'Lakes Inc PO Box 116 Minneapolis M N 55440

Celhech Ltd 244-250 Bath Road Slough Berks SLI 4DY, UK

Gilford Diagnostics 16035 Industrial Parkway SW Cleveland OH 44135 USA

Life Sciences Ins 2900 72nd Street N St Petersburg FL 33703 USA

Green Cross Corporation 1-15-1 Imabashi Higashi-ku Osaka 541 Japan

Lilley Research Centre Ltd Erl Wood Manor Windlesham Surrey UK

Cetus 600 Bancroft Way Berkeley CA 94710 USA Chiron Corporation 4560 Horton Street Emeryville CA 94608 USA Clinical Assays Travenol Laboratories 620 Memorial Drive Cambridge MA 02139 USA Codon 430 Valley Drive Brisbane CA 94005 USA

Hoechst Japan Ltd 8-10-116 Akasaka Minato-ku Tokyo 170Japan

Litton Bionetics, Inc 5516 Nicholson Lane Kensington MD 20895 USA

Hoffman-La Roche Inc Nufley NJ 07110 USA

Mallinckrodt 675 McDunnel Blvd PO Box 5840 St Louis MO 63134 USA

ICI Corporate Biosciences Group Molecular Genetics Division PO Box 11

Meigi Milk Products Co, Ltd Rockfeller Center Station PO Box 927 New York NY 10185 USA

The Heath Runcorn UK ICI pie Pharmaceuticals Division Alderley Park Macclesfield Cheshire UK

Meloy Laboratories Inc 6715 Electronic Drive Springfield VA 22151 USA

Immulok Inc 1019 Mark Avenue Carpinteria CA 93013 USA

Merck Sharp and Dohme ReJuearch Labs West Point PA 19486 USA

Cooper-Lipotech Inc 1030 Curtes Street Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

Immuno Modulators Laboratories Inc 10511 Corporate Drive Stafford T X 77477 USA

Miles Laboratories lnc PO Box 40 Elkhart IN 46515 USA

Coulter Corporation 650 W 20th Street Hialeah FL 33010 U S A

Immunotech Corporation 11 Blackstone Street Cambridge M A 02139 U S A

Collaborative Research Inc 128 Spring Street Lexington MA 02173 USA Collagen Corporation 2455 Faber Place Paso Alto CA 94304 USA



Millipore Corporation Dept AD 80 Ashby Road Bedford M A 01730 U S A

Synbiotex Corporation 348 B Racheros Drive San Marco CA 92069 USA Synergen 1885 33rd Street Boulder CO 00301 USA

Repligen Corporation 101 Binney Street Cambridge MA 02142 USA

Syngene Products and Relearch Inc 225 Commerce Drive PO Box 2211 Fort Collins CO 80524 USA Syntex Corporation 3401 Hillview Avenue Paso Aho CA 94303 USA Syva Co PO Box 10058 Palo Alto CA 94303 USA Termo Medical Corporation 705 Chapel Street Newark DE 19711 USA

Riba lmmunochem Research Inc • PC) Box 1409 Hamilton M T 59840 U S A

Terumo Medical Corporation P O Box 605 Elkton MD 21921 USA Transgene SA 11 rue Humann 67000 Strashourgh France

S & T Laboratories Fisons pie Pharmaceutical Division Bakewef Road Loughborough Leicestershire L E l l 0QY UK

G D Seacle and Co Research and Development Division 4091 Searle Parkway Skokie IL 60077 USA

UCR Direction du Personnel/ Development 326 Avenue Louise Btc 7 B 1050 Bruxelles Belgium

The Upjohn Company 7000 Pontage Road Kalamazoo MI 49001 USA

Sera-Lab Ltd Hophurst Lane Crawley Down W Sussex RHI0 4FF UK

Warner-Lambert Co General Diagnostics 201 Tabor Road Morris Plain NJ 07950 USA

Sibia P O Box 85800 San Diego C A 92130 U S A

Wyeth Laboratories lnc •PO Box 8299 Philadelphia PA 19101 USA

Notice of additions or amendments to this list should be sent t o

ImmundogyToday's editorial office

Where the jobs have been.

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