Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)which are vectors of filaria in the California valley quail Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409 AND
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Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department ofAgriculture, c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560 Received March 4, 1975
ATCHLEY, W. R., and W. W. WIRTH.1975. Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) which are vectors of filaria in the California valley quail. Can. J. Zool. 53: 1421-1423. Culicoides mullidentatus n. sp. and C. lophortygis n. sp. are described from California and other
western states. In California both species were trapped while blood-feeding on the California valley quail. ATCHLEY,W. R.. et W. W. WIRTH.1975. Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) which are vectors of filaria in the California valley quail. Can. J. Zool. 53: 1421-1423.
On trouvera ici la description de Culicoides rnultidentatus n. sp. et de C . lophortygis n. sp. de Californie et d'autres Btats de I'ouest. En Californie, les deux espkces ont ete capturees alors qu'elles etaient en train de se nourrir de sang sur des cailles de la vallee de Californie. [Traduit par le journal]
The purpose of this paper is to make available names for two new species of Culicoides (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae) involved in the transmission of two filarial parasites of the California valley quail (Lophortyx californicus californicus) in northern California (Weinmann et al.).' The females of these two species were collected in the field from quail-baited traps; several specimens of each species were collected while biting. The following taxonomic abbreviations have been used: antenna1 ratio (AR) is the combined length of the distal five flagellomeres divided by the combined length of the first eight; palpal ratio (PR) is the length of the third palpal segment divided by its greatest breadth; the proboscis to head ratio (P/H) is the length of the proboscis from the tormae to the tip of the labrum-epipharynx divided by the distance from the interocular hair socket to the torma; wing length is measured from the basal arculus to the tip of the wing; and the costal ratio (CR) is the length of 'C. J. Weinmann, K. Murphy, J. R. Anderson, W. M. Longhurst, and G. Connolly. Epizootiological observations on the quail heartworm, Splendidofilaria californiensis (Wehr and Herman, 1956) (Nematoda: Filarioidea). To be published.
the costa measured from the basal arculus to the tip of the second radial cell divided by the wing length. Means are provided for each of the above characters followed by the standard deviation in parentheses, based on a sample size of six for these measurements. Further reference to Culicoides terminology may be found in papers by Atchley (1967, 1970) and Wirth (1952). Culicoides multidentatus Atchley and Wirth, n. sp. (Fig. 1) Female Wing length 1.00 (0.046) mm; width 0.42 (0.025) mm. Head-Eyes (Fig. la) narrowly separated, separation less than diameter of an ommatidial facet; eyes bare. Antenna (Fig. lb) with flagellomeres in proportion of 14-12-12-13-13-13-1314-19-19-1 9-1 9-25; AR 0.99 (0.044); sensory pit pattern 3-10, pits rarely absent from 4 or 6; "segment" 11 in proportion to 9 + 10 as 0.70 (0.027). Palpus (Fig. lc) with lengths of last four segments in proportion of 18-28-1 2-1 3; third segment moderately swollen, PR 2.12 (0.216); sensory pit deep with round opening. Proboscis relatively short, P/H ratio 0.78 (0.020); mandible
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group have antenna1 sensoria on most of the distal five flagellomeres. The species is named for the unusually large number of distal teeth on the maxilla.
FIG. 1 . Culicoides rnultidentatus 9. a, eye separation; b, spermathecae; c, antenna; d, palpus.
with nine (1.862) teeth, teeth becoming poorly developed proximally ; maxilla well-developed with 33 (2.878) teeth. Thorax-Dark brown. Femur and tibia unicolorous, light brown, tarsomeres yellowishbrown. Hind tibial comb with five spines, the second being longest. Wing-Lacking any pattern of pale spots. CR 0.52 (0.022). Abdomen-Brown. Two unequal spermathecae (Fig. Id) measuring 0.049 (0.002) by 0.034 (0.002) mm and 0.042 (0.003) by 0.030 (0.002) mm ; necks short. Rudimentary third spermatheca present but sclerotized ring absent. Male Unknown. Distribution California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Types Holotype, 9, Hopland, Mendocino Co., California, 16 August 1966, Knudsen and Murphy, from quail (Type No. 66446, USNM). Five ? paratypes, same locality as holotype. One paratype each as follows: Paso Robles, San Luis Obispo Co., California, 25 June 1948, W. W. Wirth; Ramsey Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, July 1957, W. Brown, at light; Roberts Lake, Grant Co., New Mexico, 31 July 1965, W. R. Atchley. Discussion The taxonomic position of Culicoides multidentatus is uncertain. The lack of a sclerotized ring on the spermathecal ducts and the spermathecal shape would place the species in the biguttatus group, but all other species of that
Culicoides lophortygis Atchley and Wirth, n. sp. (Fig. 2) Female Wing length 1.16 (0.073) mm; width 0.54 (0.049) mm. Head-Eyes (Fig. 2d) broadly separated, separation greater than diameter of an ommatidial facet; eyes bare. Antenna (Fig. 2a) with flagellomeres in proportion of 17-1 3-1 3-12-1 2-1 2-1 313-29-29-30-32-47; AR 1.50 (0.080) ; sensory pit pattern 3, 5, 7, 9, 13-15, pits occasionally absent from 7 or 9; "segment" 11 in proportion to 9 + 10 as 1.06 (0.061). Palpus (Fig. 2c) with last four segments in proportion of 3 1-30-1 2-1 3 ; third segment slightly swollen, PR 2.85 (0.227); rather shallow sensory pit with round opening. Proboscis and head approximately equal in length, P/H ratio 0.96 (0.049); mandible with 14 teeth (0.880); maxilla with 24 (1.220) teeth. Thorax-Dark brown. Legs brown; forelegs with pale bands on femur and tibia (Fig. 2f); midand hind-legs with tibial bands; femorotibial joint dark; tibial comb with four spines, the second spine being longest. Wing (Fig. 2b)--Pattern of pale spots rather indistinct; pattern of spots as follows: rather small round spot over r-m crossvein barely extending beyond vein M1 + 2; small pale spot at proximal end of cell R5 bordering distal margin of second radial cell; pale spots in distal portions of cells M1, M2, and M4; small spot in anterodistal portion of vannal cell; small indistinct pale spots straddling veins M1 and M2. CR 0.58 (0.021). Abdomen-Brown. Two unequal spermathecae (Fig. 2e) present, measuring 0.065 (0.005) by 0.050 (0.002) mm and 0.050 (0.004) by 0.038 (0.002) mm; rudimentary spermatheca and sclerotized ring present. Male Unknown. Distribution California. Types Holotype, 9 , Hopland, Mendocino Co., California, 23 August, 1966, F. K. Murphy, from
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ATCHLEY AND WIRTH: CULlCOIDES N. SP.
FIG.2. Culicoides lophortygis 9. a, antenna; b, wing; c, palpus; d, eye separation; e, spermathecae; f, femur and tibia of hind leg.
quail (Type No. 6647, USNM). Six ? paratypes, same locality as holotype. One P paratype, Big Sur State Park, Monterey Co., California, 23 July 1954, W. McDonald, biting man at dusk. Discussion Culicoides lophortygis is a member of the piliferus group which has four other described species in the western United States: cavaticus Wirth and Jones, bickleyi Wirth and Hubert, riggsi Khalaf, and doeringae Atchley. The sensorial pattern will distinguish lophortygis from cavaticus and bickleyi; cavaticus has a pattern of 3-15 while bickleyi has a pattern of 3, 13-15. In riggsi the last five flagellomeres are only slightly longer than the first eight (AR 1.14), whereas in lophortygis they are considerably longer (AR
1.50). Further, the transition zone in the flagellomeres is less abrupt in lophortygis. Finally, lophortygis can be distinguished from doeringae by the more prominently patterned wing and narrower eye separation in the latter species. The species name lophortygis is from the Greek genitive for Lophortyx, generic name of the California valley quail, from which the holotype was collected. ATCHLEY, W. R. 1967. The Culicoides of New Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 46: 937-1022. 1970. A biosystematic study of the subgenus SelJia of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 49: 181-336. WIRTH,W. W. 1952. The Heleidae of California. Univ. Calif., Berkeley, Publ. Entomol. 9: 95-266.
Can. J. Zool. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by University of Waterloo on 01/05/15 For personal use only.
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department ofAgriculture, c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560 Received March 4, 1975
ATCHLEY, W. R., and W. W. WIRTH.1975. Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) which are vectors of filaria in the California valley quail. Can. J. Zool. 53: 1421-1423. Culicoides mullidentatus n. sp. and C. lophortygis n. sp. are described from California and other
western states. In California both species were trapped while blood-feeding on the California valley quail. ATCHLEY,W. R.. et W. W. WIRTH.1975. Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) which are vectors of filaria in the California valley quail. Can. J. Zool. 53: 1421-1423.
On trouvera ici la description de Culicoides rnultidentatus n. sp. et de C . lophortygis n. sp. de Californie et d'autres Btats de I'ouest. En Californie, les deux espkces ont ete capturees alors qu'elles etaient en train de se nourrir de sang sur des cailles de la vallee de Californie. [Traduit par le journal]
The purpose of this paper is to make available names for two new species of Culicoides (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae) involved in the transmission of two filarial parasites of the California valley quail (Lophortyx californicus californicus) in northern California (Weinmann et al.).' The females of these two species were collected in the field from quail-baited traps; several specimens of each species were collected while biting. The following taxonomic abbreviations have been used: antenna1 ratio (AR) is the combined length of the distal five flagellomeres divided by the combined length of the first eight; palpal ratio (PR) is the length of the third palpal segment divided by its greatest breadth; the proboscis to head ratio (P/H) is the length of the proboscis from the tormae to the tip of the labrum-epipharynx divided by the distance from the interocular hair socket to the torma; wing length is measured from the basal arculus to the tip of the wing; and the costal ratio (CR) is the length of 'C. J. Weinmann, K. Murphy, J. R. Anderson, W. M. Longhurst, and G. Connolly. Epizootiological observations on the quail heartworm, Splendidofilaria californiensis (Wehr and Herman, 1956) (Nematoda: Filarioidea). To be published.
the costa measured from the basal arculus to the tip of the second radial cell divided by the wing length. Means are provided for each of the above characters followed by the standard deviation in parentheses, based on a sample size of six for these measurements. Further reference to Culicoides terminology may be found in papers by Atchley (1967, 1970) and Wirth (1952). Culicoides multidentatus Atchley and Wirth, n. sp. (Fig. 1) Female Wing length 1.00 (0.046) mm; width 0.42 (0.025) mm. Head-Eyes (Fig. la) narrowly separated, separation less than diameter of an ommatidial facet; eyes bare. Antenna (Fig. lb) with flagellomeres in proportion of 14-12-12-13-13-13-1314-19-19-1 9-1 9-25; AR 0.99 (0.044); sensory pit pattern 3-10, pits rarely absent from 4 or 6; "segment" 11 in proportion to 9 + 10 as 0.70 (0.027). Palpus (Fig. lc) with lengths of last four segments in proportion of 18-28-1 2-1 3; third segment moderately swollen, PR 2.12 (0.216); sensory pit deep with round opening. Proboscis relatively short, P/H ratio 0.78 (0.020); mandible
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group have antenna1 sensoria on most of the distal five flagellomeres. The species is named for the unusually large number of distal teeth on the maxilla.
FIG. 1 . Culicoides rnultidentatus 9. a, eye separation; b, spermathecae; c, antenna; d, palpus.
with nine (1.862) teeth, teeth becoming poorly developed proximally ; maxilla well-developed with 33 (2.878) teeth. Thorax-Dark brown. Femur and tibia unicolorous, light brown, tarsomeres yellowishbrown. Hind tibial comb with five spines, the second being longest. Wing-Lacking any pattern of pale spots. CR 0.52 (0.022). Abdomen-Brown. Two unequal spermathecae (Fig. Id) measuring 0.049 (0.002) by 0.034 (0.002) mm and 0.042 (0.003) by 0.030 (0.002) mm ; necks short. Rudimentary third spermatheca present but sclerotized ring absent. Male Unknown. Distribution California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Types Holotype, 9, Hopland, Mendocino Co., California, 16 August 1966, Knudsen and Murphy, from quail (Type No. 66446, USNM). Five ? paratypes, same locality as holotype. One paratype each as follows: Paso Robles, San Luis Obispo Co., California, 25 June 1948, W. W. Wirth; Ramsey Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, July 1957, W. Brown, at light; Roberts Lake, Grant Co., New Mexico, 31 July 1965, W. R. Atchley. Discussion The taxonomic position of Culicoides multidentatus is uncertain. The lack of a sclerotized ring on the spermathecal ducts and the spermathecal shape would place the species in the biguttatus group, but all other species of that
Culicoides lophortygis Atchley and Wirth, n. sp. (Fig. 2) Female Wing length 1.16 (0.073) mm; width 0.54 (0.049) mm. Head-Eyes (Fig. 2d) broadly separated, separation greater than diameter of an ommatidial facet; eyes bare. Antenna (Fig. 2a) with flagellomeres in proportion of 17-1 3-1 3-12-1 2-1 2-1 313-29-29-30-32-47; AR 1.50 (0.080) ; sensory pit pattern 3, 5, 7, 9, 13-15, pits occasionally absent from 7 or 9; "segment" 11 in proportion to 9 + 10 as 1.06 (0.061). Palpus (Fig. 2c) with last four segments in proportion of 3 1-30-1 2-1 3 ; third segment slightly swollen, PR 2.85 (0.227); rather shallow sensory pit with round opening. Proboscis and head approximately equal in length, P/H ratio 0.96 (0.049); mandible with 14 teeth (0.880); maxilla with 24 (1.220) teeth. Thorax-Dark brown. Legs brown; forelegs with pale bands on femur and tibia (Fig. 2f); midand hind-legs with tibial bands; femorotibial joint dark; tibial comb with four spines, the second spine being longest. Wing (Fig. 2b)--Pattern of pale spots rather indistinct; pattern of spots as follows: rather small round spot over r-m crossvein barely extending beyond vein M1 + 2; small pale spot at proximal end of cell R5 bordering distal margin of second radial cell; pale spots in distal portions of cells M1, M2, and M4; small spot in anterodistal portion of vannal cell; small indistinct pale spots straddling veins M1 and M2. CR 0.58 (0.021). Abdomen-Brown. Two unequal spermathecae (Fig. 2e) present, measuring 0.065 (0.005) by 0.050 (0.002) mm and 0.050 (0.004) by 0.038 (0.002) mm; rudimentary spermatheca and sclerotized ring present. Male Unknown. Distribution California. Types Holotype, 9 , Hopland, Mendocino Co., California, 23 August, 1966, F. K. Murphy, from
Can. J. Zool. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by University of Waterloo on 01/05/15 For personal use only.
ATCHLEY AND WIRTH: CULlCOIDES N. SP.
FIG.2. Culicoides lophortygis 9. a, antenna; b, wing; c, palpus; d, eye separation; e, spermathecae; f, femur and tibia of hind leg.
quail (Type No. 6647, USNM). Six ? paratypes, same locality as holotype. One P paratype, Big Sur State Park, Monterey Co., California, 23 July 1954, W. McDonald, biting man at dusk. Discussion Culicoides lophortygis is a member of the piliferus group which has four other described species in the western United States: cavaticus Wirth and Jones, bickleyi Wirth and Hubert, riggsi Khalaf, and doeringae Atchley. The sensorial pattern will distinguish lophortygis from cavaticus and bickleyi; cavaticus has a pattern of 3-15 while bickleyi has a pattern of 3, 13-15. In riggsi the last five flagellomeres are only slightly longer than the first eight (AR 1.14), whereas in lophortygis they are considerably longer (AR
1.50). Further, the transition zone in the flagellomeres is less abrupt in lophortygis. Finally, lophortygis can be distinguished from doeringae by the more prominently patterned wing and narrower eye separation in the latter species. The species name lophortygis is from the Greek genitive for Lophortyx, generic name of the California valley quail, from which the holotype was collected. ATCHLEY, W. R. 1967. The Culicoides of New Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 46: 937-1022. 1970. A biosystematic study of the subgenus SelJia of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 49: 181-336. WIRTH,W. W. 1952. The Heleidae of California. Univ. Calif., Berkeley, Publ. Entomol. 9: 95-266.
