TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
Right to health
Universal health coverage that is not anchored in the right to health has no normative anchors at all. It is a freefor-all concept that may go the way of comprehensive primary health care, a fate that neither human rights nor public health scholars want repeated. 620–624
Interventions should address attitudes, internalized shame, fear, and perceptions of deservingness of care. 672–679 In rural HIV programmes, even when devolved to primary care, pre-ART care retention and timely ART initiation remain challenging, especially for men, younger adults and those with advanced HIV. 680–689
Informed consent
Researchers wonder why participants do not understand study information, but do they ask themselves whether they are good at communicating crucial research information to participants? 625–642
HIV/AIDS
In a Cameroonian study, HIV positive patients (especially those with low CD4 counts) were twice as likely to be Pneumocystis-colonized as HIV negative patients. Pneumocystis exists in African HIV patients. 643–655 A simple model was able to estimate HIV prevalence in Tanzania where a DSS provided mortality data for untested residents. 656–663
Malaria
The increase in molecular markers linked with SP resistance jeopardizes the efficacy of IPTp and the planned IPTi interventions in Burkina Faso, calling for careful monitoring of genotypic resistance markers and in vivo validation of IPT efficacy. 690–697 Severely anaemic HIV-infected children showed no increased susceptibility to malaria during or after their anaemic episode, although all experienced lower parasite prevalence during follow-up. This contrasts with data in adults; and the negative correlation between viral load and malaria parasitaemia remains unexplained. 698–705
Hybridization-based HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping on microarrays detected the 25 reverse transcriptase mutations most relevant for local antiretroviral regimens in rural Tanzania. Microarray validation showed promising concordance with Sanger sequencing. 664–671
Child health
To achieve equitable care for Malaysian people living with HIV/ AIDS, it is critical that intentions to discriminate against them are eliminated among medical students.
Neurocysticercosis
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Periodic selective treatment with a single dose of 500 mg mebendazole is an effective deworming strategy for soil-transmitted helminth infections in low endemic settings. 706–718
JUNE 2014
cases) and 93% specificity (278/299 samples) in differential diagnosis of chronic neurocysticercosis from other heterologous infections. 719–725
Tuberculosis
The Tanzanian National TB and Leprosy Control Program symptom based TB screening tool for identifying HIV infected patients eligible for isoniazid preventive therapy showed fairly good sensitivity and specificity for TB screening; however 29% of the screened population might be given IPT rather than a full course of TB treatment. 726–733 Urine lipoarabinomannan testing showed low sensitivity and high falsepositivity rates for TB detection in HIV-positive Ethiopian adults. Performance was better for severely immunosuppressed subjects, especially if combined with sputum microscopy. 734–742
Maternal health
The prevalence of Toxoplasma, HCMV and rubella antibodies among pregnant women was assessed in Northern Benin on the occasion of routine syphilis screening. 743–746
Drug quality assessment
In assays of cotrimoxazole tablets, HPTLC is statistically equivalent to HPLC assessments while being cheaper and faster; this testing supports a Tanzania essential medicine project. 747–751
A recombinant 83-kDa fasciclin-like protein of Taenia solium metacestode exhibited 78.8% sensitivity (63/80
619
Right to health
Universal health coverage that is not anchored in the right to health has no normative anchors at all. It is a freefor-all concept that may go the way of comprehensive primary health care, a fate that neither human rights nor public health scholars want repeated. 620–624
Interventions should address attitudes, internalized shame, fear, and perceptions of deservingness of care. 672–679 In rural HIV programmes, even when devolved to primary care, pre-ART care retention and timely ART initiation remain challenging, especially for men, younger adults and those with advanced HIV. 680–689
Informed consent
Researchers wonder why participants do not understand study information, but do they ask themselves whether they are good at communicating crucial research information to participants? 625–642
HIV/AIDS
In a Cameroonian study, HIV positive patients (especially those with low CD4 counts) were twice as likely to be Pneumocystis-colonized as HIV negative patients. Pneumocystis exists in African HIV patients. 643–655 A simple model was able to estimate HIV prevalence in Tanzania where a DSS provided mortality data for untested residents. 656–663
Malaria
The increase in molecular markers linked with SP resistance jeopardizes the efficacy of IPTp and the planned IPTi interventions in Burkina Faso, calling for careful monitoring of genotypic resistance markers and in vivo validation of IPT efficacy. 690–697 Severely anaemic HIV-infected children showed no increased susceptibility to malaria during or after their anaemic episode, although all experienced lower parasite prevalence during follow-up. This contrasts with data in adults; and the negative correlation between viral load and malaria parasitaemia remains unexplained. 698–705
Hybridization-based HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping on microarrays detected the 25 reverse transcriptase mutations most relevant for local antiretroviral regimens in rural Tanzania. Microarray validation showed promising concordance with Sanger sequencing. 664–671
Child health
To achieve equitable care for Malaysian people living with HIV/ AIDS, it is critical that intentions to discriminate against them are eliminated among medical students.
Neurocysticercosis
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Periodic selective treatment with a single dose of 500 mg mebendazole is an effective deworming strategy for soil-transmitted helminth infections in low endemic settings. 706–718
JUNE 2014
cases) and 93% specificity (278/299 samples) in differential diagnosis of chronic neurocysticercosis from other heterologous infections. 719–725
Tuberculosis
The Tanzanian National TB and Leprosy Control Program symptom based TB screening tool for identifying HIV infected patients eligible for isoniazid preventive therapy showed fairly good sensitivity and specificity for TB screening; however 29% of the screened population might be given IPT rather than a full course of TB treatment. 726–733 Urine lipoarabinomannan testing showed low sensitivity and high falsepositivity rates for TB detection in HIV-positive Ethiopian adults. Performance was better for severely immunosuppressed subjects, especially if combined with sputum microscopy. 734–742
Maternal health
The prevalence of Toxoplasma, HCMV and rubella antibodies among pregnant women was assessed in Northern Benin on the occasion of routine syphilis screening. 743–746
Drug quality assessment
In assays of cotrimoxazole tablets, HPTLC is statistically equivalent to HPLC assessments while being cheaper and faster; this testing supports a Tanzania essential medicine project. 747–751
A recombinant 83-kDa fasciclin-like protein of Taenia solium metacestode exhibited 78.8% sensitivity (63/80
619
