THE
[Oct., 1939
THE INDIAN MEDICAL GAZETTE
616 TITRE
OF
COMPLEMENT
SAMPLE
OF HOSPITAL IN CALCUTTA By R. K. GOYAL,
d.sc.,
ph.D.,
IN
A
POPULATION m.r.c.p., f.r.s.e.
and S. LAL, M.B., B.S. {From the School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta) are no published records of the titre complement in the blood of Indians, it was thought desirable to examine a series of apparently-healthy individuals. In this paper are
As there
of
recorded the results of the examination of 204 individuals of the type that attend a hospital out-patient department. The methods employed are summarized below. It was felt, however, that the estimation of complement without the determination of the hemolysin present in the serum would give fallacious results and therefore haemolysin present in each sample of serum was estimated. Technique.?Three to four cubic centimetres of blood were drawn from the ante-cubital vein and kept in the incubator for 30 minutes, then left in ice-chest for three to four hours. The serum was separated, the complement titre and hsemolytic activity were then determined. A three per cent suspension of sheep cells and six
units of hemolytic amboceptor were used. The test was put up as follows :?0.25 c.cm. of tne serum under test, 0.25 c.cm. of the sheep-red-ce* suspension and 0.5 c.cm. of normal salmeSensitized red cells were used for the estimate11 of complement, the haemolytic amboceptor waS omitted in testing the haemolytic property of tn serum. The results were read after 30 minute=; The complement titre was found to be eqna to the haemolytic titre in a certain percentage 0 cases, showing thus the absence of tary activity of the serum as such. So the lowing calculation was adopted to determine tn amount of and fre as
complemeIj'
f?j'
complement
distinguished
from normal hemolysins. Complete lysis 0 red blood corpuscles with undiluted blood was taken as equivalent to one unit, a trace of equalled 0.25 unit, partial lysis 0.5 unit anf almost complete haemolysis 0.75 unit. In tn way, almost complete haemolysis by 1 in 12 din* tion of serum could be expressed as the seru containing 11.75 units. It was thus possible deduct the haemolytic figure from the compie ment figure and state the amount of correcte j complement in a particular case. In referring to the complement, we w?u mention data regarding corrected compleme only unless otherwise stated.
lyslj
,
,
Table Percentage distribution Number of
Dilutions I
cases
Negative
Complement
204
1.5
22.5
Hsemolysin
204
8.3
40
16
12
12.7 2.9
1.9
2.4 ?
^ It will be seen from the table that titre ^ complement present in the blood of hosp1' class Indians is somewhat lower than the Qf obtained in Europe and America. In a series ^ serum 204 Indians, the average amount of produce complete lysis of sensitized red cells 0.06 c.cm. (range between 0.0156 c.cm. to c.cm.), 1.5 per cent cases had no comple?* g (uncorrected) in 0.25 c.cm. of the serum. g average amount of corrected complement 0.147 c.cm. with a range between 0.017 to 1 in positive cases. No complement could rlpmnnst.ratpH in O 9.^ n nm nf nnHi luted ser in 40.7 per cent cases. Hadjopoulos Q Burbank (1928) examined a series ?* thousand apparently-normal Americans; g titre average haemolytic complementary found to be represented by 0.04 c.cm. of ac serum. Veil and Buchholz (1932) found complement titre of normal blood in Europe to range between 0.02 c.cm. and ^ c.cm. with an average volume of 0.05 C-CI11\ jn similar titre was found by Tilden (193^> ) America. Sera from a small series of (ge
[Oct., 1939
THE INDIAN MEDICAL GAZETTE
616 TITRE
OF
COMPLEMENT
SAMPLE
OF HOSPITAL IN CALCUTTA By R. K. GOYAL,
d.sc.,
ph.D.,
IN
A
POPULATION m.r.c.p., f.r.s.e.
and S. LAL, M.B., B.S. {From the School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta) are no published records of the titre complement in the blood of Indians, it was thought desirable to examine a series of apparently-healthy individuals. In this paper are
As there
of
recorded the results of the examination of 204 individuals of the type that attend a hospital out-patient department. The methods employed are summarized below. It was felt, however, that the estimation of complement without the determination of the hemolysin present in the serum would give fallacious results and therefore haemolysin present in each sample of serum was estimated. Technique.?Three to four cubic centimetres of blood were drawn from the ante-cubital vein and kept in the incubator for 30 minutes, then left in ice-chest for three to four hours. The serum was separated, the complement titre and hsemolytic activity were then determined. A three per cent suspension of sheep cells and six
units of hemolytic amboceptor were used. The test was put up as follows :?0.25 c.cm. of tne serum under test, 0.25 c.cm. of the sheep-red-ce* suspension and 0.5 c.cm. of normal salmeSensitized red cells were used for the estimate11 of complement, the haemolytic amboceptor waS omitted in testing the haemolytic property of tn serum. The results were read after 30 minute=; The complement titre was found to be eqna to the haemolytic titre in a certain percentage 0 cases, showing thus the absence of tary activity of the serum as such. So the lowing calculation was adopted to determine tn amount of and fre as
complemeIj'
f?j'
complement
distinguished
from normal hemolysins. Complete lysis 0 red blood corpuscles with undiluted blood was taken as equivalent to one unit, a trace of equalled 0.25 unit, partial lysis 0.5 unit anf almost complete haemolysis 0.75 unit. In tn way, almost complete haemolysis by 1 in 12 din* tion of serum could be expressed as the seru containing 11.75 units. It was thus possible deduct the haemolytic figure from the compie ment figure and state the amount of correcte j complement in a particular case. In referring to the complement, we w?u mention data regarding corrected compleme only unless otherwise stated.
lyslj
,
,
Table Percentage distribution Number of
Dilutions I
cases
Negative
Complement
204
1.5
22.5
Hsemolysin
204
8.3
40
16
12
12.7 2.9
1.9
2.4 ?
^ It will be seen from the table that titre ^ complement present in the blood of hosp1' class Indians is somewhat lower than the Qf obtained in Europe and America. In a series ^ serum 204 Indians, the average amount of produce complete lysis of sensitized red cells 0.06 c.cm. (range between 0.0156 c.cm. to c.cm.), 1.5 per cent cases had no comple?* g (uncorrected) in 0.25 c.cm. of the serum. g average amount of corrected complement 0.147 c.cm. with a range between 0.017 to 1 in positive cases. No complement could rlpmnnst.ratpH in O 9.^ n nm nf nnHi luted ser in 40.7 per cent cases. Hadjopoulos Q Burbank (1928) examined a series ?* thousand apparently-normal Americans; g titre average haemolytic complementary found to be represented by 0.04 c.cm. of ac serum. Veil and Buchholz (1932) found complement titre of normal blood in Europe to range between 0.02 c.cm. and ^ c.cm. with an average volume of 0.05 C-CI11\ jn similar titre was found by Tilden (193^> ) America. Sera from a small series of (ge
