712
European Journal of Public Health
24 Turcanu G, Domente S, Buga M, Richardson E. Republic of Moldova health system review. Health Syst Trans 2012;14:1–151. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__ data/assets/pdf_file/0006/178053/HiT-Moldova.pdf.
29 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Bosnia and Herzegovina Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http://www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file4_decadeprogress-report-bh.pdf.
25 Cain J, Duran A, Fortis A, Jakubowski E. Health Care Systems in Transition: Bosnia and Herzegovina. European Observatory on Health Care Systems, 2002. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/75132/E78673.pdf.
30 Voncina L, Jemiai N, Merkur S, et al. Croatia: health system review. Health Syst Trans 2006;8:1–108. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/ 0010/96445/E90328.pdf.
26 Krumova T, Ilieva M. The Health Status of Romani Women in Bulgaria. Veliko Turnovo: Center for Interethnic Dialogue and Tolerance ‘‘Amalipe’’, 2008. Available at: http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/amalipe_20081201.pdf.
31 Arsenijevic J, Pavlova M, Groot W. Out-of-pocket payments for public healthcare services by selected exempted groups in Serbia during the period of post-war healthcare reforms. Int J Health Planning Manage 2013 June 20; doi: 10.1002/ hpm.218830 [epub ahead of print].
27 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Montenegro Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http://www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file12_report-progress-me.pdf. 28 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Croatia Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http:// www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file2_decade-progress-report-hr.pdf.
32 Richardson E, Roberts B, Sava V, et al. Health insurance coverage and health care access in Moldova. Health Policy Plan 2012;27:204–12.
......................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................
The right of access to health care for undocumented migrants: a revision of comparative analysis in the European context Amets Suess1,2, Isabel Ruiz Pe´rez1,2, Ainhoa Ruiz Azarola1, Joan Carles March Cerda`1,2 1 Andalusian School of Public Health, 18011 Granada, Spain 2 Centre for Biomedical Network Research - Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain Correspondence: Amets Suess, Andalusian School of Public Health, Cuesta del Observatorio, 4, E-18011 Granada, Spain, Tel: 0034 958 027 400, e-mail: [email protected]
Background: The recent introduction of adjustment measures in the Spanish context by means of the Royal Decree-law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which limits access to health care for undocumented migrants, raises the question about the state of the matter in different European Union member states. Methods: Narrative review of comparative studies published between 2009 and 2012 that analyzes the right to health care for undocumented migrants in the European context. Results: The review shows a high degree of variability regarding health care entitlements of undocumented migrants in different European countries, a frequent legal restriction of access to health care, as well as barriers in the effective access to health care. The studies coincide in recommending access at all health care levels, regardless of the administrative status of the person seeking treatment. The analysis of the impact of the current economic crisis on access and quality of the health care directed to undocumented migrants, as well as the knowledge of the migrants’ perspective are identified as future research areas. Conclusions: Compared with other European countries, the introduction of the measures established in the RDL 16/2012 modifies the place of the Spanish Public Health Care System from being situated in the group of countries that permit undocumented migrants access to all health care levels, towards the category of highest restriction.
.........................................................................................................
Introduction n the context of the current economic crisis, various austerity have been introduced in the Spanish health care, education and labour sector. In relation to health care policies, the Royal Decree-law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012) acquires a prominent role. The document comprehends measures related to the regulation of access to health care, prescription drug co-payment, the services portfolio of the Spanish Public Health Care System, as well as the classification of health care professions. While previous laws establish the access to health care of registered foreigners on equal terms as people with Spanish nationality (table 1), the RDL 16/2012 introduces an access regulation according to the condition of ‘insured’ and ‘beneficiary’. The access to health care of undocumented migrants is limited to emergency services and to the process of pregnancy, natal and post-natal care. Only in the case of migrants aged
European Journal of Public Health
24 Turcanu G, Domente S, Buga M, Richardson E. Republic of Moldova health system review. Health Syst Trans 2012;14:1–151. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__ data/assets/pdf_file/0006/178053/HiT-Moldova.pdf.
29 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Bosnia and Herzegovina Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http://www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file4_decadeprogress-report-bh.pdf.
25 Cain J, Duran A, Fortis A, Jakubowski E. Health Care Systems in Transition: Bosnia and Herzegovina. European Observatory on Health Care Systems, 2002. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/75132/E78673.pdf.
30 Voncina L, Jemiai N, Merkur S, et al. Croatia: health system review. Health Syst Trans 2006;8:1–108. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/ 0010/96445/E90328.pdf.
26 Krumova T, Ilieva M. The Health Status of Romani Women in Bulgaria. Veliko Turnovo: Center for Interethnic Dialogue and Tolerance ‘‘Amalipe’’, 2008. Available at: http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/amalipe_20081201.pdf.
31 Arsenijevic J, Pavlova M, Groot W. Out-of-pocket payments for public healthcare services by selected exempted groups in Serbia during the period of post-war healthcare reforms. Int J Health Planning Manage 2013 June 20; doi: 10.1002/ hpm.218830 [epub ahead of print].
27 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Montenegro Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http://www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file12_report-progress-me.pdf. 28 Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015. Croatia Progress Report, 2012. Available at: http:// www.romadecade.org/cms/upload/file/9276_file2_decade-progress-report-hr.pdf.
32 Richardson E, Roberts B, Sava V, et al. Health insurance coverage and health care access in Moldova. Health Policy Plan 2012;27:204–12.
......................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................
The right of access to health care for undocumented migrants: a revision of comparative analysis in the European context Amets Suess1,2, Isabel Ruiz Pe´rez1,2, Ainhoa Ruiz Azarola1, Joan Carles March Cerda`1,2 1 Andalusian School of Public Health, 18011 Granada, Spain 2 Centre for Biomedical Network Research - Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain Correspondence: Amets Suess, Andalusian School of Public Health, Cuesta del Observatorio, 4, E-18011 Granada, Spain, Tel: 0034 958 027 400, e-mail: [email protected]
Background: The recent introduction of adjustment measures in the Spanish context by means of the Royal Decree-law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which limits access to health care for undocumented migrants, raises the question about the state of the matter in different European Union member states. Methods: Narrative review of comparative studies published between 2009 and 2012 that analyzes the right to health care for undocumented migrants in the European context. Results: The review shows a high degree of variability regarding health care entitlements of undocumented migrants in different European countries, a frequent legal restriction of access to health care, as well as barriers in the effective access to health care. The studies coincide in recommending access at all health care levels, regardless of the administrative status of the person seeking treatment. The analysis of the impact of the current economic crisis on access and quality of the health care directed to undocumented migrants, as well as the knowledge of the migrants’ perspective are identified as future research areas. Conclusions: Compared with other European countries, the introduction of the measures established in the RDL 16/2012 modifies the place of the Spanish Public Health Care System from being situated in the group of countries that permit undocumented migrants access to all health care levels, towards the category of highest restriction.
.........................................................................................................
Introduction n the context of the current economic crisis, various austerity have been introduced in the Spanish health care, education and labour sector. In relation to health care policies, the Royal Decree-law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012) acquires a prominent role. The document comprehends measures related to the regulation of access to health care, prescription drug co-payment, the services portfolio of the Spanish Public Health Care System, as well as the classification of health care professions. While previous laws establish the access to health care of registered foreigners on equal terms as people with Spanish nationality (table 1), the RDL 16/2012 introduces an access regulation according to the condition of ‘insured’ and ‘beneficiary’. The access to health care of undocumented migrants is limited to emergency services and to the process of pregnancy, natal and post-natal care. Only in the case of migrants aged
