Psychological Reportr, 1979, 4 5 , 629-630.
0 Psychological Reports 1979
THE AUDITORY FORM OF THE OHIO LITERACY TEST: PRELIMINARY CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS W I T H WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE1 RONALD R. HART Jerry L. Pettir Memorial V A Hospital
W. BARRY NORMAN Sorrth Texar independent School District
MICHAEL W. SERGENT Albuqrrerque V A Medical Center
Summary.-The WAIS, the original edition of the Ohio Literacy Test, and its auditory form were administered to 60 male psychiatric inpatients at the time of hospital admission. Correlations were .54 to .70. Tentative results suggest that this auditory form may have some merit as a quick estimator of WAIS Full Scale IQs.
The use of quick estimates of intelligence is deplored by many clinicians as too gross or insensitive. Yet, in various institutional settings where caseloads are heavy, a definite need exists for a reliable, group-administered index of intellectual functioning. This pilot study attempted to determine the utility and efficiency of one such rapid index of mental ability, the Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form, as compared to the WAIS. This edition of the Ohio Literacy Test has been especially useful with both poor or non-readers and blind or visually impaired individuals. The Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form is a tape-recorded edition, of 50 questions which subjects can either answer aloud or mark a special answer sheet. Responses to questions are either Yes, No, or Pass. The test requires approximately 12 kin., including preparatory insttuctions and the presentation of the 50 questions. Items increase in level of complexity from Question 1, "Do cats bark?," to Question 50, "Does a carniverous quadruped devour fronds indiscriminately?" Scoring is achieved by subtracting the number of questions answered incorrectly from the number of questions answered correctly. No account is taken of the "passed" questions. The raw score for a subject is then convertable to an intelligence quotient by regression equation (Strong, 1959). The WAIS, as well as both the auditory form and standard version of the Ohio Literacy Test (Foster & Goddard, 1924), were administered to each of 60 male subjects wichin two days following admission to a state psychiatric hospital. The subjects' diagnoses included psychosis (45 ) , personality disorder ( 6 ) , mental retardation ( 3 ) , neurosis ( 4 ) , and organicity ( 2 ) . The mean age, education, and WAIS Full Scale IQ were 29.0 yr. (SD = 8.1), 10.3 yr. (SD = 2.7), and 85.8 (SD = 14.4). 'Reprint requests should be sent to Dr. Ronald R. Hart, IlGB, V.A.H., 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, California 92357.
630
R. R. HART, ET AL.
TABLE 1 INTERCORRELAT~ONS OF OHIOL I ~ R A C TEST, Y AUDITORY FORM RAW SCORES WITHSTANDARD AND WAIS IQS Ohio Literacy Test WAIS WAIS PerWAIS Full Standard Form Verbal IQ formance IQ Scale IQ Ohio Literacy Test, .85 .70 .54 .GG Auditory Form --
--
Correlations between the WAIS IQs and raw scores for the auditory and the standard versions of the Ohio Literacy Test were calculated for all 60 subjects. Table 1 shows a moderate correlation of .66 between the auditory form of the Ohio Literacy Test raw scores and WAIS Full Scale IQs. As expected, the correlation of .85 between the auditory form and the original paper-and-pencil edition of the Ohio Literacy Test was significant. A conversion table (Table 2 ) relating the auditory form raw scores to WAIS Full Scale IQs was constructed by solving the derived regression equation: WAIS IQ = 53.55 1.43 (Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form Raw Score). This investigation suggests that the
+
TABLE 2 WAIS FULLSCALEIQ EQUNALENTS FOR OHIOLITERACYTEST, AUD~TORY FORM:RAW SCORES WAIS Full Scale IQ Ohio Literary Test Auditory Form Raw Scores
auditory form of the Ohio Literacy Tesc may be a reasonable, economical screening estimate for the WAIS when only a gross estimate of I Q is needed quickly. However, as few investigations have concerned the predictive validity of the original Ohio Literacy Test and as this is a pilot inquiry into the efficacy of a tape-recorded version of the inventory, much research is required with increased size and types of populations sampled. REFERENCES FOSTER, V., & GODDARD, H. The Ohio Literacy Test. Pedagogical Seminary, 1924, 31. 340-351. STRONG, P. Correlation between the Ohio Literacy Test, grade achieved in school and Wechsler Bellevue 1Q. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1959, 15, 7 1 - 7 2 . Accepted October 9, 1979.
0 Psychological Reports 1979
THE AUDITORY FORM OF THE OHIO LITERACY TEST: PRELIMINARY CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS W I T H WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE1 RONALD R. HART Jerry L. Pettir Memorial V A Hospital
W. BARRY NORMAN Sorrth Texar independent School District
MICHAEL W. SERGENT Albuqrrerque V A Medical Center
Summary.-The WAIS, the original edition of the Ohio Literacy Test, and its auditory form were administered to 60 male psychiatric inpatients at the time of hospital admission. Correlations were .54 to .70. Tentative results suggest that this auditory form may have some merit as a quick estimator of WAIS Full Scale IQs.
The use of quick estimates of intelligence is deplored by many clinicians as too gross or insensitive. Yet, in various institutional settings where caseloads are heavy, a definite need exists for a reliable, group-administered index of intellectual functioning. This pilot study attempted to determine the utility and efficiency of one such rapid index of mental ability, the Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form, as compared to the WAIS. This edition of the Ohio Literacy Test has been especially useful with both poor or non-readers and blind or visually impaired individuals. The Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form is a tape-recorded edition, of 50 questions which subjects can either answer aloud or mark a special answer sheet. Responses to questions are either Yes, No, or Pass. The test requires approximately 12 kin., including preparatory insttuctions and the presentation of the 50 questions. Items increase in level of complexity from Question 1, "Do cats bark?," to Question 50, "Does a carniverous quadruped devour fronds indiscriminately?" Scoring is achieved by subtracting the number of questions answered incorrectly from the number of questions answered correctly. No account is taken of the "passed" questions. The raw score for a subject is then convertable to an intelligence quotient by regression equation (Strong, 1959). The WAIS, as well as both the auditory form and standard version of the Ohio Literacy Test (Foster & Goddard, 1924), were administered to each of 60 male subjects wichin two days following admission to a state psychiatric hospital. The subjects' diagnoses included psychosis (45 ) , personality disorder ( 6 ) , mental retardation ( 3 ) , neurosis ( 4 ) , and organicity ( 2 ) . The mean age, education, and WAIS Full Scale IQ were 29.0 yr. (SD = 8.1), 10.3 yr. (SD = 2.7), and 85.8 (SD = 14.4). 'Reprint requests should be sent to Dr. Ronald R. Hart, IlGB, V.A.H., 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, California 92357.
630
R. R. HART, ET AL.
TABLE 1 INTERCORRELAT~ONS OF OHIOL I ~ R A C TEST, Y AUDITORY FORM RAW SCORES WITHSTANDARD AND WAIS IQS Ohio Literacy Test WAIS WAIS PerWAIS Full Standard Form Verbal IQ formance IQ Scale IQ Ohio Literacy Test, .85 .70 .54 .GG Auditory Form --
--
Correlations between the WAIS IQs and raw scores for the auditory and the standard versions of the Ohio Literacy Test were calculated for all 60 subjects. Table 1 shows a moderate correlation of .66 between the auditory form of the Ohio Literacy Test raw scores and WAIS Full Scale IQs. As expected, the correlation of .85 between the auditory form and the original paper-and-pencil edition of the Ohio Literacy Test was significant. A conversion table (Table 2 ) relating the auditory form raw scores to WAIS Full Scale IQs was constructed by solving the derived regression equation: WAIS IQ = 53.55 1.43 (Ohio Literacy Test, Auditory Form Raw Score). This investigation suggests that the
+
TABLE 2 WAIS FULLSCALEIQ EQUNALENTS FOR OHIOLITERACYTEST, AUD~TORY FORM:RAW SCORES WAIS Full Scale IQ Ohio Literary Test Auditory Form Raw Scores
auditory form of the Ohio Literacy Tesc may be a reasonable, economical screening estimate for the WAIS when only a gross estimate of I Q is needed quickly. However, as few investigations have concerned the predictive validity of the original Ohio Literacy Test and as this is a pilot inquiry into the efficacy of a tape-recorded version of the inventory, much research is required with increased size and types of populations sampled. REFERENCES FOSTER, V., & GODDARD, H. The Ohio Literacy Test. Pedagogical Seminary, 1924, 31. 340-351. STRONG, P. Correlation between the Ohio Literacy Test, grade achieved in school and Wechsler Bellevue 1Q. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1959, 15, 7 1 - 7 2 . Accepted October 9, 1979.
