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Stem cell research: current uses and future challenges. Part II a

Araceli Diez-Fraile a

Belgian Cancer Registry, Koningsstraat 215 bus 7, 1210 Brussels, Belgium Published online: 13 May 2014.

Click for updates To cite this article: Araceli Diez-Fraile (2014) Stem cell research: current uses and future challenges. Part II, Veterinary Quarterly, 34:1, 41-41, DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.912476 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2014.912476

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Veterinary Quarterly, 2014 Vol. 34, No. 1, 41, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2014.912476

EDITORIAL

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Stem cell research: current uses and future challenges. Part II Dear Reader, With this second editorial on stem cell research, I would like to highlight the importance of stem cell collections and associated data as a primordial resource to stem cell biology. Indeed, stem cell biorepositories have received much attention in the last decade as a source for medical research as well as clinical transplant applications in humans. As already pinpointed in the previous editorial, veterinary applications of stem cells are multitudinous, an observation which should obviously drive the generation of stem cell biorepositories. Development and storage of different types of stem cells such as embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, epiblast stem cells, germ line stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and embryonic carcinoma stem cells in domestic and wild animals would greatly facilitate the development of a wider range of applications. Indeed, stem cell biobanking will essentially deliver the opportunity to study multiple sources of stem cells. In stem cell-based veterinary regenerative medicine (applied to dogs, cats, and horses) most reports refer to the use of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived stem cells for the treatment of soft tissue lesions, while there is a paucity of information on the use of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. However, stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood harbour a promising role for regenerative medicine including several advantages such as: prompt availability, decreased risk of graft-versus-host disease, and ease of collection with little risk to the female or newborn. Further, urging the need of stem cell biorepositories is in fact the observation that, progressively, scientists start recognizing the value of suitable larger mammalian

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species, such as rabbits, dogs, pigs, sheep, goats, and nonhuman primates, to bridge the gap between rodent models and humans to accelerate the translation of stem cell technology to clinical practice of human medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injury, retinal degeneration, and bone and cartilage repair. A speciality on its own concerns the storage of stem cells from endangered species. The multiplication potential of stem cells provides a nearly infinite source of biological material with a broad range of (future) applications. An in-depth analysis of established embryonic stem cells from a variety of species is vital to determine which signalling pathways the embryonic stem cells depend upon in order to induce efficient lineage-specific cellular programming. The possibility to achieve germ line stem cell differentiation followed by allogeneic transplantation will be of great importance to aid in the conservation of endangered species. Implementing and maintaining veterinary (stem cell) biobanks, thus, urgently needs support, in order to catalyse stem cell research for regenerative purposes in domestic animals, therapeutic testing for different human diseases, and to gather critical basic knowledge in domestic and wildlife animals. I greatly appreciate the many essential contributions to this special issue devoted to the current uses and future challenges of stem cell research, by scientists active in a variety of disciplines. Araceli Diez-Fraile Belgian Cancer Registry, Koningsstraat 215 bus 7, 1210 Brussels, Belgium Email: [email protected]

Stem cell research: current uses and future challenges. Part II.

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