JOURNAL OF P ROTEOM IC S 9 2 ( 2013) 1

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Editorial

Special Issue on “Protein Modification” In recent years, many proteomic approaches have been developed and have given biologists powerful tools to analyze the proteome of cells, tissues or organs. Such approaches allow identification of hundreds or even thousands of proteins and, therefore, the major proteins in the biological system can be uncovered. However, an important part of protein functionality is the possibility of a modification that may occur after the process of protein synthesis in ribosomes. Such post-translational modifications increase the number of functional proteins by a multitude. These modifications might be achieved by enzymatic reactions, often in controlled mechanisms, or non-enzymatically due to the presence of chemically reactive substances in the surroundings of proteins. Posttranslationally modified proteins show altered structure, which usually results in a modified function and contribute significantly to the functionality of the proteome. Unfortunately, today it is still difficult to cover all posttranslational modifications in a single omics-based approach. However, several techniques have been developed to identify the whole set of proteins modified in a specific way, e.g., all ubiquitinated or all oxidized proteins. This is achieved by some sort of pre-separation prior to the following of the proteomic approach. In order to further improve such techniques, one has to have a detailed knowledge on the existing posttranslational modifications. This Special Issue is focused on non-enzymatic posttranslational protein modifications. The chemistry and pathophysiology of these modifications are currently the topic of the COST Action CM1001 entitled “Chemistry of non-enzymatic protein modification — modulation of protein structure and function”. The major aim of this COST action CM 1001 (http:// users.unimi.it/cm1001/) is the formation, measurement, function and prevention of the formation of posttranslational protein modifications in an interdisciplinary approach. This Special Issue contains several articles on the measurements of posttranslationally modified proteins and a number of articles on the formation of such proteins. Another part aims at highlighting the modification of specific proteins or their role in diseases. We hope that this Special Issue will speak to readers across all specializations in proteomics and contribute to our understanding of the crucial role of posttranslational modifications of proteins, even if some of them are non-enzymatic, in the function of cells. 1874-3919/$ – see front matter © 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2013.08.014

Prof. Tilman Grune, M.D. studied Medical Biochemistry at the 2nd Medical University in Moscow, Russia. After his doctoral degree and various Post-Docs in Germany and the US he was appointed as Full Professor at the Institute of Nutrition at University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. In 2010 he became Full Professor and Chairman of the Institute of Nutrition at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, where he now is a Research Professor. He was for several years a member of the SFRR-Europe Committee and is on the editorial board of a number of international journals. He organized several conferences, among them the SFRR-Europe meetings which he organized twice, and chaired the Gordon Conference on Oxidative Stress and Disease (2013). He is participating or coordinating in a number of European research networks and received several scientific awards. He is CoEditor-in-Chief of Redox Biology. Prof. Marek Sebela, Ph.D. (born 1971) graduated in Biochemistry from the Faculty of Science, Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic, where he also later completed his doctoral studies. Then he had several shortterm research stays abroad (Germany, Denmark, France, Japan). In 2007, he became Full Professor in Biochemistry at Masaryk University and served as the Head of the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic, during 2006–2012. Currently, he is a Research Program Leader for Biochemistry of Proteins and Proteomics at the Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacky University. In general he focuses himself on chemistry and biochemistry of proteins. As a researcher, he is mainly interested in redox enzymes, protein modifications (namely glycosylations) and MALDI mass spectrometry in proteomics. In addition to his research, teaching and educational activities, he is an active member of three scientific societies and participates in organizing international scientific conferences such as Informal Meeting on Mass Spectrometry or Central and Eastern European Proteomics Conference. He received two national scientific awards. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Proteomics.

Tilman Grune Marek Sebela

Special issue on "protein modification".

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