SEROLOGIC EXAMINATION OF WILD BIRDS FOR HEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS OF TURKEY AND MARBLE SPLEEN DISEASE OF PHEASANTS Author(s): C. H. DOMERMUTH, D. J. FORRESTER, D. O. TRAINER and W. J. BIGLER Source: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 13(4):405-408. Published By: Wildlife Disease Association DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-13.4.405 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.7589/0090-3558-13.4.405

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Journal

of

Wildlife

Diseases

SEROLOGIC FOR

13,

October,

EXAMINATION

HEMORRHAGIC

AND C.

Vol.

MARBLE

H. D0MERMUTH,rn

SPLEEN D.

1977

OF

405

WILD

BIRDS

ENTERITIS

OF

TURKEY

DISEASE

OF

PHEASANTS

J. FORRESTER,E

D. 0.

TRAINERE

and

W.

J. BIGLERJ

Precipitin antibody which reacted with the hemorrhagic enteritis (HE) of turkeys/marble spleen disease (MSD) of pheasants group of avian adenoviruses, was not detected in serum samples of 618 wild birds (42 species) from Florida, Texas and Virginia. HE/MSD precipitin antibody was detected in serum samples of penreared ring-necked pheasants (Pizasianus co/cizicus) which had experienced MSD, but not in serum samples of similar MSD unaffected birds. Abstract:

INTRODUCTION

Pathogenic hemorrhagic enteritis (HE) viruses cause up to 60% mortality and losses of several million dollars a year to the turkey industry. Significant losses of pen-reared pheasants are caused by the marble spleen disease (MSD) virus. Isolants of the HE/MS group of avian adenoviruses” are capable of infecting a variety of species of birds in laboratory experiments.’ Members of the group with widely divergent degrees of pathogenicity affect many domestic turkey flocks’ and appear to affect other species of penreared birds (unpublished). It is not known if members of this virus group affect wild birds. The purpose of this report is to present the results of serologic examination of numerous species of wild birds for precipitin antibody to HE! MSD avian adenoviruses. MATERIALS

Serum

AND

METHODS

618 free-ranging 42 species from Florida, Texas and Virginia were tested” for precipitin antibody to the HE! wild

birds

samples

111 Department burg, Virginia Commission. J

Laboratory Florida, Florida Program, College Health 32301,

from

representing

of

Veterinary Science, Virginia 24061, USA, Supported in

MS group of avian adenoviruses (Table 1). Antigen for the test was made of infected turkey spleens and control precipitin positive and negative serum samples were obtained from HE recovered and HE uninfected turkeys, respectively. Details of the test have been described.4

RESULTS

All serum samples from the free-ranging wild birds were negative for HE/MS precipitin antibody (Table 1). Serum samples of 25 MSD recovered pen-reared ring-necked pheasants (Pizasianus co/c/uct,s) contained HE/MSD precipitin antibody. Twenty-five similar samples from previously uninfected pen-reared pheasants (P. co/chicus) did not have HE! MSD precipitin. The serum of one fish crow, Corvus ossifragus, had what appeared to be a very slight reaction, but this was judged to be negative. The serum of one loon, Gavia imnzcr, and 2 pelicans, Pe/icanus occide,zta/is,

Polytechnic Institute part by USDA-CSRS

of Wildlife Disease Research, College Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA. Supported Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission’s Florida Pittman-Robertson Project W-41. of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, Program USA.

Office,

Department

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with

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syndrome of unknown acted negatively in the

and

of in

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State the

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etiology precipitin

University, Pennsylvania

also test.

BlacksGame

Veterinary Medicine, University part by research grant #1270 from Federal Aid for Wildlife Restoration

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Point,

Wisconsin Services,

54481, Tallahassee,

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