EDITORIAL
Recent advances in ocular drug delivery system
Dear Friends, Recent progressions have been made in pharmacological therapies to treat ocular disorders such as glaucoma, conjunctivitis, diabetic macular edema and retinal vascular occlusions to improve the diagnosis for these disorders. Due to these advances, there is a great deal of interest in minimally invasive delivery methods, which has generated rapid developments in the field of ocular drug delivery. Conventional eye drops have been restricted to eye and therapeutic drug concentrations in target tissues are not maintained for a long time. So, a vital need emerges to fabricate ocular drug delivery systems that provide controlled-release for the treatment of chronic diseases, and also enhances patient’s and doctor’s convenience to reduce the dosing frequency and invasive treatment. Current developments include delivery to both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Traditional ocular dosage forms have been overcame by advance drug delivery techniques to anterior segment like contact lens, cul-de-sac inserts, punctual plugs, subconjunctival/episcleral implants, while to posterior segment includes intravitreal implants like Durasert™ Technology System, Novadur™ Technology, I-vation™ TA, NT-501 and injectable particulate systems as IBI-20089, RETAAC, Cortiject® (NOVA63035, Novagali Pharma S.A.), Visudyne® have revolutionized the ocular delivery of drugs. Furthermore, physical devices like iontophoresis and micro-electromechanical intraocular drug delivery device are non-invasive techniques of ocular drug delivery, therefore, avoids the complications of a surgical implantation or frequent dosing of intravitreal Access this article online Quick Response Code:
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injections. Iontophoresis involves delivery of drug by the application of weak direct current which takes the charged molecules across the sclera, into the vitreous and choroid. An opposite charge ground electrode is kept elsewhere on the body to complete the circuit. EyeGate Pharmaceuticals, Inc., (Waltham, MA, US) has sign up for a pivotal phase III study of EGP-437 for dry eye syndrome therapy. EGP-437 is a dexamethasone phosphate for delivery using the EyeGate II® Delivery System. Micro-electromechanical intraocular drug delivery device is a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) discovered for the therapy of chronic and refractory ocular diseases. Drug solution can be refilled in MEMS device, imparting a long-term drug therapy and avoid repeated surgical treatments. Replenish, Inc., (Pasadena, CA, US) set up to go into trials for Food and Drug Administration approval for a refillable and programmable pump which can be implanted in the eye to deliver drug for glaucoma. In addition, encapsulated cell technology has found its application directly to the posterior segment of the eye. It involves entrapment of immunologically isolated cells with hollow fibers or microcapsules. Certainly, further considerations should be made with the most efficacious combinations of optimal drugs, dose, route, and drug release pattern (sustained-release, pulsatile-release, or controlled-release responding to a trigger) according to the pathophysiology and progressive courses of the targeted disease. Dr. Upendra Nagaich Editor, Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research (JAPTR), Editor-in-Chief, SPER Times Secretary, Society of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 22-C, Jawahar Colony, Gwalior - 474 001, M.P., India. E-mail: [email protected]
www.japtr.org
J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res. DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.143022
How to cite this article: Nagaich U. Recent advances in ocular drug delivery system. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2014;5:151.
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research | Oct-Dec 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 4
151
Copyright of Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research is the property of Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.
Recent advances in ocular drug delivery system
Dear Friends, Recent progressions have been made in pharmacological therapies to treat ocular disorders such as glaucoma, conjunctivitis, diabetic macular edema and retinal vascular occlusions to improve the diagnosis for these disorders. Due to these advances, there is a great deal of interest in minimally invasive delivery methods, which has generated rapid developments in the field of ocular drug delivery. Conventional eye drops have been restricted to eye and therapeutic drug concentrations in target tissues are not maintained for a long time. So, a vital need emerges to fabricate ocular drug delivery systems that provide controlled-release for the treatment of chronic diseases, and also enhances patient’s and doctor’s convenience to reduce the dosing frequency and invasive treatment. Current developments include delivery to both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Traditional ocular dosage forms have been overcame by advance drug delivery techniques to anterior segment like contact lens, cul-de-sac inserts, punctual plugs, subconjunctival/episcleral implants, while to posterior segment includes intravitreal implants like Durasert™ Technology System, Novadur™ Technology, I-vation™ TA, NT-501 and injectable particulate systems as IBI-20089, RETAAC, Cortiject® (NOVA63035, Novagali Pharma S.A.), Visudyne® have revolutionized the ocular delivery of drugs. Furthermore, physical devices like iontophoresis and micro-electromechanical intraocular drug delivery device are non-invasive techniques of ocular drug delivery, therefore, avoids the complications of a surgical implantation or frequent dosing of intravitreal Access this article online Quick Response Code:
Website:
injections. Iontophoresis involves delivery of drug by the application of weak direct current which takes the charged molecules across the sclera, into the vitreous and choroid. An opposite charge ground electrode is kept elsewhere on the body to complete the circuit. EyeGate Pharmaceuticals, Inc., (Waltham, MA, US) has sign up for a pivotal phase III study of EGP-437 for dry eye syndrome therapy. EGP-437 is a dexamethasone phosphate for delivery using the EyeGate II® Delivery System. Micro-electromechanical intraocular drug delivery device is a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) discovered for the therapy of chronic and refractory ocular diseases. Drug solution can be refilled in MEMS device, imparting a long-term drug therapy and avoid repeated surgical treatments. Replenish, Inc., (Pasadena, CA, US) set up to go into trials for Food and Drug Administration approval for a refillable and programmable pump which can be implanted in the eye to deliver drug for glaucoma. In addition, encapsulated cell technology has found its application directly to the posterior segment of the eye. It involves entrapment of immunologically isolated cells with hollow fibers or microcapsules. Certainly, further considerations should be made with the most efficacious combinations of optimal drugs, dose, route, and drug release pattern (sustained-release, pulsatile-release, or controlled-release responding to a trigger) according to the pathophysiology and progressive courses of the targeted disease. Dr. Upendra Nagaich Editor, Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research (JAPTR), Editor-in-Chief, SPER Times Secretary, Society of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 22-C, Jawahar Colony, Gwalior - 474 001, M.P., India. E-mail: [email protected]
www.japtr.org
J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res. DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.143022
How to cite this article: Nagaich U. Recent advances in ocular drug delivery system. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2014;5:151.
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research | Oct-Dec 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 4
151
Copyright of Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research is the property of Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.
