Urological Survey Urolithiasis/Endourology Re: Oxalate Content of Food: A Tangled Web K. Attalla, S. De and M. Monga Glickman Urologic and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio Urology 2014; 84: 555e560.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.027 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Urinary oxalate excretion can impact calcium oxalate stone risk. Approximately 50% of urinary oxalate is derived from dietary sources. This finding has prompted many to recommend against consumption of high oxalate containing foods. About 2% of dietary oxalate is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Many things can impact its absorption, including whether the calcium oxalate complexes are in a soluble or crystalline state. This is influenced by the bioavailability of the food derived oxalate, which is hypothesized to directly correlate with the amount in a soluble form. The concentration of cations and perhaps the presence of oxalate degrading bacteria such as Oxalobacter formigenes in the intestinal lumen impact the latter. The authors have identified the heterogeneity of oxalate levels reported online. This disparity is multifactorial and influenced by the variability that can occur within a food based on growth and seasonal conditions, the part of the food assayed and the method of oxalate analysis. These factors all need to be considered when making dietary recommendations to patients. More accurate and consistent dietary tables need to be generated that include information regarding oxalate bioavailability. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Siener R, Jansen B, Watzer B et al: Effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on urinary risk factors for calcium oxalate stone formation. J Urol 2011; 185: 719. Chai W and Liebman M: Assessment of oxalate absorption from almonds and black beans with and without the use of an extrinsic label. J Urol 2004; 172: 953. Albihn PB and Savage GP: The bioavailability of oxalate from oca (Oxalis tuberosa). J Urol 2001; 166: 420.
Re: Randomized and Double-Blinded Clinical Trial of the Safety and Calcium Kidney Stone Dissolving Efficacy of Lapis Judaicus P. Faridi, H. Seradj, S. Mohammadi-Samani, M. Vossoughi, A. Mohagheghzadeh and J. Roozbeh Departments of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center and Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran J Ethnopharmacol 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.028 available at http://jurology.com/
0022-5347/15/1933-0897/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® © 2015 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.027 Vol. 193, 897-901, March 2015 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com
j
897
UROLITHIASIS/ENDOUROLOGY
898
Editorial Comment: The authors report that a preparation containing fossil spines of sea urchins reduces stone size and calcium excretion. A major limitation of this study includes the use of ultrasound to measure stone size. There are issues regarding reproducibility of measurements and accuracy with assessment of stone size. In addition, there was no dietary control. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Woottisin S, Hossain RZ, Yachantha C et al: Effects of Orthosiphon grandiflorus, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Phyllanthus amarus extracts on risk factors for urinary calcium oxalate stones in rats. J Urol 2011; 185: 323. Atmani F, Farell G and Lieske JC: Extract from Herniaria hirsuta coats calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals and blocks their adhesion to renal epithelial cells. J Urol 2004; 172: 1510.
Re: Long-Term Urine Biobanking: Storage Stability of Clinical Chemical Parameters under Moderate Freezing Conditions without Use of Preservatives T. Remer, G. Montenegro-Bethancourt and L. Shi DONALD Study Centre at Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany Clin Biochem 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.029 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Banked tissue, blood and urine can be used to investigate diseases. The validity of such studies is linked to stability of the analytes measured. These investigators showed that the interassay coefficient of variance (baseline measurement compared to measurement at 12 or 15 years) was 10% or less for a panel of urinary analytes, except for oxalate and bicarbonate. Recovery of oxalate through time was the lowest, at 73%, and mean change in concentration was the greatest, at -27%. This study demonstrates the potential for error when assessing oxalate concentrations in banked urine using these storage techniques and analytical methods. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Re: Influence of Saline on Temperature Profile of Laser Lithotripsy Activation W. R. Molina, I. N. Silva, R. Donalisio da Silva, D. Gustafson, D. Sehrt and F. J. Kim Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado J Endourol 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.030 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: This study reveals the potential for thermal injury to the ureter during holmium laser lithotripsy. This risk can be markedly attenuated with the use of saline irrigation. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Sea J, Jonat LM, Chew BH et al: Optimal power settings for holmium:YAG lithotripsy. J Urol 2012; 187: 914. Mues AC, Teichman JM and Knudsen BE: Evaluation of 24 holmium:YAG laser optical fibers for flexible ureteroscopy. J Urol 2009; 182: 348. Prabakharan S, Teichman JM, Spore SS et al: Proteus mirabilis viability after lithotripsy of struvite calculi. J Urol 1999; 162: 1666.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.027 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Urinary oxalate excretion can impact calcium oxalate stone risk. Approximately 50% of urinary oxalate is derived from dietary sources. This finding has prompted many to recommend against consumption of high oxalate containing foods. About 2% of dietary oxalate is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Many things can impact its absorption, including whether the calcium oxalate complexes are in a soluble or crystalline state. This is influenced by the bioavailability of the food derived oxalate, which is hypothesized to directly correlate with the amount in a soluble form. The concentration of cations and perhaps the presence of oxalate degrading bacteria such as Oxalobacter formigenes in the intestinal lumen impact the latter. The authors have identified the heterogeneity of oxalate levels reported online. This disparity is multifactorial and influenced by the variability that can occur within a food based on growth and seasonal conditions, the part of the food assayed and the method of oxalate analysis. These factors all need to be considered when making dietary recommendations to patients. More accurate and consistent dietary tables need to be generated that include information regarding oxalate bioavailability. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Siener R, Jansen B, Watzer B et al: Effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on urinary risk factors for calcium oxalate stone formation. J Urol 2011; 185: 719. Chai W and Liebman M: Assessment of oxalate absorption from almonds and black beans with and without the use of an extrinsic label. J Urol 2004; 172: 953. Albihn PB and Savage GP: The bioavailability of oxalate from oca (Oxalis tuberosa). J Urol 2001; 166: 420.
Re: Randomized and Double-Blinded Clinical Trial of the Safety and Calcium Kidney Stone Dissolving Efficacy of Lapis Judaicus P. Faridi, H. Seradj, S. Mohammadi-Samani, M. Vossoughi, A. Mohagheghzadeh and J. Roozbeh Departments of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center and Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran J Ethnopharmacol 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.028 available at http://jurology.com/
0022-5347/15/1933-0897/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® © 2015 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.027 Vol. 193, 897-901, March 2015 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com
j
897
UROLITHIASIS/ENDOUROLOGY
898
Editorial Comment: The authors report that a preparation containing fossil spines of sea urchins reduces stone size and calcium excretion. A major limitation of this study includes the use of ultrasound to measure stone size. There are issues regarding reproducibility of measurements and accuracy with assessment of stone size. In addition, there was no dietary control. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Woottisin S, Hossain RZ, Yachantha C et al: Effects of Orthosiphon grandiflorus, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Phyllanthus amarus extracts on risk factors for urinary calcium oxalate stones in rats. J Urol 2011; 185: 323. Atmani F, Farell G and Lieske JC: Extract from Herniaria hirsuta coats calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals and blocks their adhesion to renal epithelial cells. J Urol 2004; 172: 1510.
Re: Long-Term Urine Biobanking: Storage Stability of Clinical Chemical Parameters under Moderate Freezing Conditions without Use of Preservatives T. Remer, G. Montenegro-Bethancourt and L. Shi DONALD Study Centre at Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany Clin Biochem 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.029 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Banked tissue, blood and urine can be used to investigate diseases. The validity of such studies is linked to stability of the analytes measured. These investigators showed that the interassay coefficient of variance (baseline measurement compared to measurement at 12 or 15 years) was 10% or less for a panel of urinary analytes, except for oxalate and bicarbonate. Recovery of oxalate through time was the lowest, at 73%, and mean change in concentration was the greatest, at -27%. This study demonstrates the potential for error when assessing oxalate concentrations in banked urine using these storage techniques and analytical methods. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Re: Influence of Saline on Temperature Profile of Laser Lithotripsy Activation W. R. Molina, I. N. Silva, R. Donalisio da Silva, D. Gustafson, D. Sehrt and F. J. Kim Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado J Endourol 2014; Epub ahead of print.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.030 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: This study reveals the potential for thermal injury to the ureter during holmium laser lithotripsy. This risk can be markedly attenuated with the use of saline irrigation. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Sea J, Jonat LM, Chew BH et al: Optimal power settings for holmium:YAG lithotripsy. J Urol 2012; 187: 914. Mues AC, Teichman JM and Knudsen BE: Evaluation of 24 holmium:YAG laser optical fibers for flexible ureteroscopy. J Urol 2009; 182: 348. Prabakharan S, Teichman JM, Spore SS et al: Proteus mirabilis viability after lithotripsy of struvite calculi. J Urol 1999; 162: 1666.
