HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author Manuscript
Magn Reson Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 April 01. Published in final edited form as: Magn Reson Med. 2017 April ; 77(4): 1639–1649. doi:10.1002/mrm.26243.
Rapid In Vivo Detection of Rat Spinal Cord Injury with Double Diffusion Encoded Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Nathan P Skinner1,2, Shekar N Kurpad2, Brian D Schmit3, L. Tugan Muftuler2, and Matthew D Budde2 1Biophysics
Graduate Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
Author Manuscript
2Department
of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
3Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI
Abstract Purpose—Diffusion weighted imaging is a common experimental tool for evaluating spinal cord injury (SCI), yet suffers from complications decreasing its clinical effectiveness. The most commonly used technique, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), is often confounded by effects of edema accompanying acute SCI, limiting its sensitivity to the important functional status marker of axonal integrity. The purpose of this study is to introduce a novel diffusion acquisition method with the goal of overcoming these limitations.
Author Manuscript
Methods—A Double Diffusion Encoding (DDE) pulse sequence was implemented with a diffusion-weighted filter orthogonal to the spinal cord for suppressing non-neural signals prior to diffusion weighting parallel to the cord. A Point-RESolved Spectroscopy readout (DDE-PRESS) was used for improved sensitivity and compared with DTI in a rat model of SCI with varying injury severities. Results—The DDE-PRESS parameter, restricted fraction, showed a strong relationship with injury severity (p
Magn Reson Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 April 01. Published in final edited form as: Magn Reson Med. 2017 April ; 77(4): 1639–1649. doi:10.1002/mrm.26243.
Rapid In Vivo Detection of Rat Spinal Cord Injury with Double Diffusion Encoded Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Nathan P Skinner1,2, Shekar N Kurpad2, Brian D Schmit3, L. Tugan Muftuler2, and Matthew D Budde2 1Biophysics
Graduate Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
Author Manuscript
2Department
of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
3Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI
Abstract Purpose—Diffusion weighted imaging is a common experimental tool for evaluating spinal cord injury (SCI), yet suffers from complications decreasing its clinical effectiveness. The most commonly used technique, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), is often confounded by effects of edema accompanying acute SCI, limiting its sensitivity to the important functional status marker of axonal integrity. The purpose of this study is to introduce a novel diffusion acquisition method with the goal of overcoming these limitations.
Author Manuscript
Methods—A Double Diffusion Encoding (DDE) pulse sequence was implemented with a diffusion-weighted filter orthogonal to the spinal cord for suppressing non-neural signals prior to diffusion weighting parallel to the cord. A Point-RESolved Spectroscopy readout (DDE-PRESS) was used for improved sensitivity and compared with DTI in a rat model of SCI with varying injury severities. Results—The DDE-PRESS parameter, restricted fraction, showed a strong relationship with injury severity (p
