nutrients Article
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Associations with Skin Color in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester in a Sample from Switzerland Aline Richard 1 , Sabine Rohrmann 1 and Katharina C. Quack Lötscher 2, * 1 2
*
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (S.R.) Clinic of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +41-44-255-5139
Received: 29 January 2017; Accepted: 6 March 2017; Published: 10 March 2017
Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy has negative clinical consequences, such as associations with glucose intolerance, and has been shown to be distributed differently in certain ethnic groups. In some countries, a difference in the rate of vitamin D deficiency was detected in pregnant women depending on their skin color. We examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Associations with Skin Color in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester in a Sample from Switzerland Aline Richard 1 , Sabine Rohrmann 1 and Katharina C. Quack Lötscher 2, * 1 2
*
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (S.R.) Clinic of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +41-44-255-5139
Received: 29 January 2017; Accepted: 6 March 2017; Published: 10 March 2017
Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy has negative clinical consequences, such as associations with glucose intolerance, and has been shown to be distributed differently in certain ethnic groups. In some countries, a difference in the rate of vitamin D deficiency was detected in pregnant women depending on their skin color. We examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (
