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STI Online First, published on October 13, 2014 as 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051670 Epidemiology
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in Papua New Guinea R A Wangnapi,1 S Soso,1 H W Unger,1,2 C Sawera,1 M Ome,1 A J Umbers,1,2 N Ndrewei,1 P Siba,1 C S N Li Wai Suen,3 A Vallely,1,4 J Wapling,1,5 C Ryan,1,5 I Mueller,3,6 S J Rogerson2 ▸ Additional material is published online. To view please visit the journal (http:// dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans2014-051670). For numbered affiliations see end of article. Correspondence to Dr Regina Wangnapi, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research (Vector Borne Disease Unit), P O Box 378, Madang 511. Papua New Guinea; [email protected] Received 3 May 2014 Revised 9 September 2014 Accepted 21 September 2014
ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 pregnant women presenting to antenatal clinics. Sociodemographic and behavioural data were collected and real-time PCR diagnostic methods were used to detect the presence of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomonas in self-collected vaginal swabs. The relationships between symptoms, sociodemographic and behavioural factors and infection were assessed. Results The prevalence of C. trachomatis was 11.1%, N. gonorrhoeae was 9.7% and T. vaginalis was 21.3%. One-third of women (33.7%) had at least one infection. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (48.0%), but only abnormal vaginal discharge was consistently associated with infection ( p
STI Online First, published on October 13, 2014 as 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051670 Epidemiology
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in Papua New Guinea R A Wangnapi,1 S Soso,1 H W Unger,1,2 C Sawera,1 M Ome,1 A J Umbers,1,2 N Ndrewei,1 P Siba,1 C S N Li Wai Suen,3 A Vallely,1,4 J Wapling,1,5 C Ryan,1,5 I Mueller,3,6 S J Rogerson2 ▸ Additional material is published online. To view please visit the journal (http:// dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans2014-051670). For numbered affiliations see end of article. Correspondence to Dr Regina Wangnapi, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research (Vector Borne Disease Unit), P O Box 378, Madang 511. Papua New Guinea; [email protected] Received 3 May 2014 Revised 9 September 2014 Accepted 21 September 2014
ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in Madang, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 pregnant women presenting to antenatal clinics. Sociodemographic and behavioural data were collected and real-time PCR diagnostic methods were used to detect the presence of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomonas in self-collected vaginal swabs. The relationships between symptoms, sociodemographic and behavioural factors and infection were assessed. Results The prevalence of C. trachomatis was 11.1%, N. gonorrhoeae was 9.7% and T. vaginalis was 21.3%. One-third of women (33.7%) had at least one infection. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (48.0%), but only abnormal vaginal discharge was consistently associated with infection ( p
