Hindawi Publishing Corporation e Scientific World Journal Volume 2014, Article ID 681834, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/681834
Research Article Potential of Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium for Selenium Absorption Ivan MilovanoviT,1 Ilija BrIeski,2 Mirjana StajiT,1 Aleksandra KoraT,1,3 Jelena VukojeviT,1 and Aleksandar KneDeviT1 1
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Center for Electron Microscopy, Studentski Trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2
Correspondence should be addressed to Ivan Milovanovi´c; [email protected] Received 28 March 2014; Accepted 14 May 2014; Published 4 June 2014 Academic Editor: Oliver Micke Copyright © 2014 Ivan Milovanovi´c et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high selenium (Se) concentrations on morphophysiological and ultrastructural properties of Pleurotus ostreatus. Mycelium growth was good in media enriched with 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg L−1 of Se, concentration of 500.0 mg L−1 strongly inhibited growth, and 1000.0 mg L−1 was the minimum inhibitory concentration. Contrary to thin-walled, hyaline, branched, and anastomized hyphae with clamp-connections in the control, at Se concentrations of 100.0 and 500.0 mg L−1 , they were noticeably short, frequently septed and branched, with a more intensive extracellular matrix, and without clampconnections. At high Se concentrations, hyphae with intact membrane, without cellular contents, with a high level of vacuolization, and with numerous proteinaceous bodies were observed. Biomass yield ranged between 11.8 g L−1 , in the control, and 6.8 g L−1 , at an Se concentration of 100.0 mg L−1 , while no production was detected at a concentration of 500.0 mg L−1 . Se content in the mycelia reached a peak (938.9 𝜇g g−1 ) after cultivation in the medium enriched with Se at the concentration of 20.0 mg L−1 , while the highest absorption level (53.25%) was found in the medium enriched with 5.0 mg L−1 Se.
1. Introduction Recent rapid and progressive development of technology and industry has led to increasing the proportion of various environmental pollutants, such as pesticides, toxic xenobiotics, metals, metalloids, and halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [1]. Nowadays, one of the frequent metalloid and potential air, water, and soil pollutants, which is widely used in various industries in the production of glass, pigments, pesticides, stainless steel, photoelectric cells, and cosmetics preparations due to distinctive physical and especially electrical properties, is Se [2]. Numerous human activities (mining, coal and oil usage, agricultural fertilization and irrigation, etc.) cause significant Se emission (37.5%– 40.6% of the total Se emissions to the atmosphere) and ecosystem contamination with this trace element [2–4]. Thus, Se concentration in soil is mainly low (
Research Article Potential of Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium for Selenium Absorption Ivan MilovanoviT,1 Ilija BrIeski,2 Mirjana StajiT,1 Aleksandra KoraT,1,3 Jelena VukojeviT,1 and Aleksandar KneDeviT1 1
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Center for Electron Microscopy, Studentski Trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2
Correspondence should be addressed to Ivan Milovanovi´c; [email protected] Received 28 March 2014; Accepted 14 May 2014; Published 4 June 2014 Academic Editor: Oliver Micke Copyright © 2014 Ivan Milovanovi´c et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high selenium (Se) concentrations on morphophysiological and ultrastructural properties of Pleurotus ostreatus. Mycelium growth was good in media enriched with 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg L−1 of Se, concentration of 500.0 mg L−1 strongly inhibited growth, and 1000.0 mg L−1 was the minimum inhibitory concentration. Contrary to thin-walled, hyaline, branched, and anastomized hyphae with clamp-connections in the control, at Se concentrations of 100.0 and 500.0 mg L−1 , they were noticeably short, frequently septed and branched, with a more intensive extracellular matrix, and without clampconnections. At high Se concentrations, hyphae with intact membrane, without cellular contents, with a high level of vacuolization, and with numerous proteinaceous bodies were observed. Biomass yield ranged between 11.8 g L−1 , in the control, and 6.8 g L−1 , at an Se concentration of 100.0 mg L−1 , while no production was detected at a concentration of 500.0 mg L−1 . Se content in the mycelia reached a peak (938.9 𝜇g g−1 ) after cultivation in the medium enriched with Se at the concentration of 20.0 mg L−1 , while the highest absorption level (53.25%) was found in the medium enriched with 5.0 mg L−1 Se.
1. Introduction Recent rapid and progressive development of technology and industry has led to increasing the proportion of various environmental pollutants, such as pesticides, toxic xenobiotics, metals, metalloids, and halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [1]. Nowadays, one of the frequent metalloid and potential air, water, and soil pollutants, which is widely used in various industries in the production of glass, pigments, pesticides, stainless steel, photoelectric cells, and cosmetics preparations due to distinctive physical and especially electrical properties, is Se [2]. Numerous human activities (mining, coal and oil usage, agricultural fertilization and irrigation, etc.) cause significant Se emission (37.5%– 40.6% of the total Se emissions to the atmosphere) and ecosystem contamination with this trace element [2–4]. Thus, Se concentration in soil is mainly low (
