Int J Legal Med DOI 10.1007/s00414-015-1176-4
POPULATION DATA
Population genetic data for 17 autosomal STR markers in the Hani population from China Ying Huang 1 & Jinyong Yao 2 & Jing Li 3 & Jingtao Wen 3 & Xiaokun Yuan 2 & Bingying Xu 1
Received: 25 December 2014 / Accepted: 10 March 2015 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Abstract The Hani is a local minority in the southwestern part of China. To establish a database of ethnic short tandem repeats (STRs), 17 autosomal STRs in the Hani ethnic group were investigated. A total of 706 unrelated individuals from three Hani settlements were genotyped using the PowerPlex® 18D System. Allele frequency data and forensic parameters were evaluated. The genetic relationship among the Hani and 11 related populations was assessed.
Keywords Short tandem repeats . Hani . Population genetics
Among the many variations that exist in the human genome, short tandem repeats (STRs) have emerged as the most suitable markers for current forensic identification. The variation in the STRs dispersed throughout the whole human genome is actively investigated in forensic laboratories for personal identification and paternity testing. The relationships among population and intrapopulation characteristics complement each other in phylogenetic and forensic studies. To perform a reliable Ying Huang and Jinyong Yao contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00414-015-1176-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Bingying Xu [email protected] 1
Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
2
Honghe Public Security Bureau, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, People’s Republic of China
3
Puer Public Security Bureau, Puer City, People’s Republic of China
statistical analysis for forensic application, population STR databases should be established [1]. The Hani (also call the Ho or Akha) is a local minority of 1.63 million livings in southwestern China and is widely distributed in Southeast Asia (including Vietnam and Laos). Over 90 % of the present-day Hani live across the Ailao Mountains, sandwiched by the Lancang River (Mekong River) and the Red River (Yuanjiang River) (Figure S1). The villages of the Hani were mostly built at altitudes above 1000–2500 m in mountainous and semi-mountainous regions. This manuscript provides the first report of 17 autosomal STR loci for the Hani ethnic group. The languages spoken by most Hani people belong to the Sino-Tibetan language family. According to ethnological and linguistics studies, the Hani are divided into more than 14 primary branches (the Akha, Hani, Honi, Kaduo, Lopi, Akeu, Bisu, Biyo, Chadong, Enu, Lü, Mang, Muda, and Sangkong) [2]. A total of 706 non-related Hani individuals from three Hani settlements (Honghe, Puer, and Yuxi) were studied. The sampling locations are presented in Figure S1. All the volunteers signed the informed consent before being involved in the study. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Kunming Medical University, China. A 1.2-mm punch from the FTA paper (Whatman, USA) was used in direct amplification. PCR amplification was conducted using the GeneAmp 9700 PCR System (Applied Biosystems, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions for the PowerPlex® 18D System (Promega Corporation, USA). The amplified products were separated by capillary electrophoresis on ABI PRISM 3130 Genetic Analyzers (Applied Biosystems, USA) according to the manufacturer’s recommended protocols. The laboratory participants in this study were accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories (CNAS-CL01 Accreditation Criteria for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories).
Int J Legal Med
The allele frequency of each locus, polymorphism information content (PIC), power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE), and matching probability (MP) were calculated using the Powerstats v1.2 software [3]. The observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), p values of the exact test for the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and pairwise Fst value were calculated using the Arlequin v3.5 software [4]. A neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree was built from the Nei’s genetic distance DA matrix (calculates by DISPAN software) using the MEGA 4.0 software [5]. The allele frequencies and forensic parameters of the 17 autosomal STR loci of the Hani are shown in Table S1. Our results did not indicate deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after the Bonferroni correction was applied (p
POPULATION DATA
Population genetic data for 17 autosomal STR markers in the Hani population from China Ying Huang 1 & Jinyong Yao 2 & Jing Li 3 & Jingtao Wen 3 & Xiaokun Yuan 2 & Bingying Xu 1
Received: 25 December 2014 / Accepted: 10 March 2015 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Abstract The Hani is a local minority in the southwestern part of China. To establish a database of ethnic short tandem repeats (STRs), 17 autosomal STRs in the Hani ethnic group were investigated. A total of 706 unrelated individuals from three Hani settlements were genotyped using the PowerPlex® 18D System. Allele frequency data and forensic parameters were evaluated. The genetic relationship among the Hani and 11 related populations was assessed.
Keywords Short tandem repeats . Hani . Population genetics
Among the many variations that exist in the human genome, short tandem repeats (STRs) have emerged as the most suitable markers for current forensic identification. The variation in the STRs dispersed throughout the whole human genome is actively investigated in forensic laboratories for personal identification and paternity testing. The relationships among population and intrapopulation characteristics complement each other in phylogenetic and forensic studies. To perform a reliable Ying Huang and Jinyong Yao contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00414-015-1176-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Bingying Xu [email protected] 1
Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
2
Honghe Public Security Bureau, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, People’s Republic of China
3
Puer Public Security Bureau, Puer City, People’s Republic of China
statistical analysis for forensic application, population STR databases should be established [1]. The Hani (also call the Ho or Akha) is a local minority of 1.63 million livings in southwestern China and is widely distributed in Southeast Asia (including Vietnam and Laos). Over 90 % of the present-day Hani live across the Ailao Mountains, sandwiched by the Lancang River (Mekong River) and the Red River (Yuanjiang River) (Figure S1). The villages of the Hani were mostly built at altitudes above 1000–2500 m in mountainous and semi-mountainous regions. This manuscript provides the first report of 17 autosomal STR loci for the Hani ethnic group. The languages spoken by most Hani people belong to the Sino-Tibetan language family. According to ethnological and linguistics studies, the Hani are divided into more than 14 primary branches (the Akha, Hani, Honi, Kaduo, Lopi, Akeu, Bisu, Biyo, Chadong, Enu, Lü, Mang, Muda, and Sangkong) [2]. A total of 706 non-related Hani individuals from three Hani settlements (Honghe, Puer, and Yuxi) were studied. The sampling locations are presented in Figure S1. All the volunteers signed the informed consent before being involved in the study. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Kunming Medical University, China. A 1.2-mm punch from the FTA paper (Whatman, USA) was used in direct amplification. PCR amplification was conducted using the GeneAmp 9700 PCR System (Applied Biosystems, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions for the PowerPlex® 18D System (Promega Corporation, USA). The amplified products were separated by capillary electrophoresis on ABI PRISM 3130 Genetic Analyzers (Applied Biosystems, USA) according to the manufacturer’s recommended protocols. The laboratory participants in this study were accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories (CNAS-CL01 Accreditation Criteria for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories).
Int J Legal Med
The allele frequency of each locus, polymorphism information content (PIC), power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE), and matching probability (MP) were calculated using the Powerstats v1.2 software [3]. The observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), p values of the exact test for the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and pairwise Fst value were calculated using the Arlequin v3.5 software [4]. A neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree was built from the Nei’s genetic distance DA matrix (calculates by DISPAN software) using the MEGA 4.0 software [5]. The allele frequencies and forensic parameters of the 17 autosomal STR loci of the Hani are shown in Table S1. Our results did not indicate deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after the Bonferroni correction was applied (p
