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Pembrolizumab is significantly better than ipilimumab in terms of progression-free survival, overall survival, and the proportion of patients achieving an overall response for treatment of advanced melanoma, according to a new study. The randomised phase 3 trial compared ipilimumab with pembrolizumab given every 2 weeks or every 3 weeks. 834 patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma were evenly assigned to one of the three groups. Median estimates of progression-free survival were 5·5 months (95% CI 3·4–6·9) for patients receiving pembrolizumab every 2 weeks, 4·1 months (2·9–6·9) for those receiving pembrolizumab every 3 weeks, and 2·8 months (2·8–2·9) for those receiving ipilimumab. Hazard ratios for disease progression for pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab were 0·58 (95% CI 0·46–0·72; p

Pembrolizumab for patients with advanced melanoma.

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