Intern. J . Neuroscience, 1992, Vol. 6 3 , p. 157-162 Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license only
0 1992 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. Printed in the United States of America
PARKINSONIAN-LIKE TREMOR INDUCED BY A COMBINED APPLICATION OF CHLORPROMAZINE AND PENTOBARBITONE IN CATS WITH LEFT-PAW PREFERENCE Int J Neurosci Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Flinders University of South Australia on 01/12/15 For personal use only.
UNER TAN Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey
AKCAHAN GEPDIREMEN Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Erzurum, Turkey
NECIP KUTLU Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey
AYTEN CANKAYA Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey (Received April 26, 1991) A Parkinsonian-like tremor can be induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats. Interestingly enough, only cats with left-paw preference were found to have a predisposition to this drug-induced tremor. The cats with ambidexterity and right-preference in paw use did not show any visible tremorogenic action of these drugs. Especially the proximal muscles of all four extremities showed oscillations with a frequency of about 12 per second in all animals tested, which completely disappeared after i.v. application of lioresal, atropine and biperiden. It was suggested that this new drug-induced tremor model may reflect an impairment within the cortico-sbiato-pallido-thalamocortical feedback loop. It was also concluded that left-handers may have an increased predisposition to centrally acting drugs than nonleft-handers.
Keywords: Parkinsonism, tremor, paw preference. biperiden, lioresal, cat
We have recently reported that a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone or even pentobarbitone alone could produce intermittent tremor bursts in guinea pigs (Tan et al., in press b, c). This simple tremor model would be of importance in studying normal and pathological motor control. There are primate models exhibiting Parkinsonian-like symptoms, but especially a Parkinsonian-like tremor could not be induced in four-legged animals such as rodents and cats. Therefore, we have made attempts to produce tremor by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats as in guinea pigs. However, we did not have success in producing tremor in cats in our initial experiments. In our further experiments, we noticed that a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone could indeed produce a Parkinsonian-like tremor in proximal muscles of the fore- and hindlegs of Address correspondence to Prof. Dr. Uner Tan, Director, Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey 157
U TAN er al.
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cats, but only in those with left-paw preference, and not in cats with right-paw preference or mixed-paw preference. We report in the present work that this tremor, occumng only in supine position, completely disappeared after i.v. application of lioresal, biperiden and atropine.
Int J Neurosci Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Flinders University of South Australia on 01/12/15 For personal use only.
METHODS The experiments were performed on ten female and five male cats. Initially, chlor-. promazine (3.5 mgfkg) and then pentobarbitone (20 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally. The animals were also anaesthetized by this procedure. The trachea was cannulated to ventilate the animal eventually. A polyethylene cannula was introduced into the right jugular vein to give the drugs. The right or left hindleg was connected to a force transducer to record the tremor. In some experiments, the tibialis anterior muscle was prepared and connected to the force transducer from its distal tendon. The paw preference was assessed by the food reaching test (see Tan et al., 1990; Tan et al., in press a). RESULTS Paw Pr
0 1992 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. Printed in the United States of America
PARKINSONIAN-LIKE TREMOR INDUCED BY A COMBINED APPLICATION OF CHLORPROMAZINE AND PENTOBARBITONE IN CATS WITH LEFT-PAW PREFERENCE Int J Neurosci Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Flinders University of South Australia on 01/12/15 For personal use only.
UNER TAN Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey
AKCAHAN GEPDIREMEN Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Erzurum, Turkey
NECIP KUTLU Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey
AYTEN CANKAYA Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey (Received April 26, 1991) A Parkinsonian-like tremor can be induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats. Interestingly enough, only cats with left-paw preference were found to have a predisposition to this drug-induced tremor. The cats with ambidexterity and right-preference in paw use did not show any visible tremorogenic action of these drugs. Especially the proximal muscles of all four extremities showed oscillations with a frequency of about 12 per second in all animals tested, which completely disappeared after i.v. application of lioresal, atropine and biperiden. It was suggested that this new drug-induced tremor model may reflect an impairment within the cortico-sbiato-pallido-thalamocortical feedback loop. It was also concluded that left-handers may have an increased predisposition to centrally acting drugs than nonleft-handers.
Keywords: Parkinsonism, tremor, paw preference. biperiden, lioresal, cat
We have recently reported that a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone or even pentobarbitone alone could produce intermittent tremor bursts in guinea pigs (Tan et al., in press b, c). This simple tremor model would be of importance in studying normal and pathological motor control. There are primate models exhibiting Parkinsonian-like symptoms, but especially a Parkinsonian-like tremor could not be induced in four-legged animals such as rodents and cats. Therefore, we have made attempts to produce tremor by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats as in guinea pigs. However, we did not have success in producing tremor in cats in our initial experiments. In our further experiments, we noticed that a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone could indeed produce a Parkinsonian-like tremor in proximal muscles of the fore- and hindlegs of Address correspondence to Prof. Dr. Uner Tan, Director, Atatiirk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Erzurum, Turkey 157
U TAN er al.
158
cats, but only in those with left-paw preference, and not in cats with right-paw preference or mixed-paw preference. We report in the present work that this tremor, occumng only in supine position, completely disappeared after i.v. application of lioresal, biperiden and atropine.
Int J Neurosci Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Flinders University of South Australia on 01/12/15 For personal use only.
METHODS The experiments were performed on ten female and five male cats. Initially, chlor-. promazine (3.5 mgfkg) and then pentobarbitone (20 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally. The animals were also anaesthetized by this procedure. The trachea was cannulated to ventilate the animal eventually. A polyethylene cannula was introduced into the right jugular vein to give the drugs. The right or left hindleg was connected to a force transducer to record the tremor. In some experiments, the tibialis anterior muscle was prepared and connected to the force transducer from its distal tendon. The paw preference was assessed by the food reaching test (see Tan et al., 1990; Tan et al., in press a). RESULTS Paw Pr
