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Open Access
Research
Pain management for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: the development of an evidence-based and theory-informed pain self-management course Dawn Carnes,1 Kate Homer,1 Martin Underwood,2 Tamar Pincus,3 Anisur Rahman,4 Stephanie J C Taylor1 To cite: Carnes D, Homer K, Underwood M, et al. Pain management for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: the development of an evidence-based and theoryinformed pain self-management course. BMJ Open 2013;3:e003534. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013003534 ▸ Prepublication history for this paper is available online. To view these files please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2013-003534). Received 5 July 2013 Revised 7 October 2013 Accepted 9 October 2013
For numbered affiliations see end of article. Correspondence to Dr Dawn Carnes; [email protected]
ABSTRACT Objective: To devise and test a self-management course for chronic pain patients based on evidence and underpinned by theory using the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing complex interventions. Design: We used a mixed method approach. We conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of components and characteristics of pain management courses. We then interviewed chronic pain patients who had attended pain and self-management courses. Behavioural change theories were mapped onto our findings and used to design the intervention. We then conducted a feasibility study to test the intervention. Setting: Primary care in the inner city of London, UK. Participants: Adults (18 years or older) with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Outcomes: Related disability, quality of life, coping, depression, anxiety, social integration and healthcare resource use. Results: The systematic reviews indicated that group-based courses with joint lay and healthcare professional leadership and that included a psychological component of short duration (
Open Access
Research
Pain management for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: the development of an evidence-based and theory-informed pain self-management course Dawn Carnes,1 Kate Homer,1 Martin Underwood,2 Tamar Pincus,3 Anisur Rahman,4 Stephanie J C Taylor1 To cite: Carnes D, Homer K, Underwood M, et al. Pain management for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: the development of an evidence-based and theoryinformed pain self-management course. BMJ Open 2013;3:e003534. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013003534 ▸ Prepublication history for this paper is available online. To view these files please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2013-003534). Received 5 July 2013 Revised 7 October 2013 Accepted 9 October 2013
For numbered affiliations see end of article. Correspondence to Dr Dawn Carnes; [email protected]
ABSTRACT Objective: To devise and test a self-management course for chronic pain patients based on evidence and underpinned by theory using the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing complex interventions. Design: We used a mixed method approach. We conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of components and characteristics of pain management courses. We then interviewed chronic pain patients who had attended pain and self-management courses. Behavioural change theories were mapped onto our findings and used to design the intervention. We then conducted a feasibility study to test the intervention. Setting: Primary care in the inner city of London, UK. Participants: Adults (18 years or older) with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Outcomes: Related disability, quality of life, coping, depression, anxiety, social integration and healthcare resource use. Results: The systematic reviews indicated that group-based courses with joint lay and healthcare professional leadership and that included a psychological component of short duration (
