/·(QFpSKDOH  66

Disponible en ligne sur www.sciencedirect.com

journal homepage: www.em-consulte.com/produit/ENCEP

7URXEOHGpÀFLWDLUHGHO·DWWHQWLRQHWRXWURXEOH ELSRODLUH" $WWHQWLRQGHÀFLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\GLVRUGHUDQGRUELSRODUGLVRUGHU" ''D)RQVHFDD 0$GLGDE5%HO]HDX[E-0$]RULQE D6HUYLFHGH3V\FKLDWULHGHO·DGROHVFHQW+{SLWDO6DOYDWRU0DUVHLOOH)UDQFH E6+83V\FKLDWULHDGXOWHV6RODULV+{SLWDO6WH0DUJXHULWH0DUVHLOOHFHGH[)UDQFH

0276&/e6 7URXEOHELSRODLUH 7'$+ 'LDJQRVWLF GLIIpUHQWLHO &RPRUELGLWp

.(@­O·kJHDGXOWHODSUpYDOHQFHGX7'$+HVWGH jDORUVTXHOHWURXEOHELSRODLUHFRQFHUQHjGHOD SRSXODWLRQJpQpUDOHSRXUOHW\SH,PDLVMXVTX·jSRXUOH W\SH,,HWOH7%QRQVSpFLÀp>@ /·kJHGHGpEXWYDULHpJDOHPHQWVHORQOHWURXEOHDYHFXQH DSSDULWLRQDYDQWO·kJHGHDQVSRXUOH7'$+HWXQkJHG·DS SDULWLRQPR\HQDXWRXUGHDQVSRXUOHWURXEOHELSRODLUH>@ /·pYROXWLRQGXWURXEOHHVWSUREDEOHPHQWO·XQGHVDVSHFWV GRQWLOIDXWOHSOXVWHQLUFRPSWHSRXUSRXYRLUGLIIpUHQFLHU FHVGHX[WURXEOHVSV\FKRSDWKRORJLTXHV1RXVUHWURXYRQVXQH pYROXWLRQFKURQLTXHSRXUOH7'$+DYHFXQHV\PSWRPDWRORJLH SHUPDQHQWHDORUVTXHSDUGpÀQLWLRQOHWURXEOHELSRODLUH VXLWXQHpYROXWLRQpSLVRGLTXHDYHFXQHDOWHUQDQFHG·pSLVRGHV PDQLDTXHVGpSUHVVLIVPL[WHVHWHXWK\PLTXHVELHQGLVWLQFWV &HVFDUDFWpULVWLTXHVWHPSRUHOOHVVRQWGRQFLPSRUWDQWHVj FRQQDvWUHPrPHV·LOH[LVWHGHVIRUPHVGHWURXEOHGHO·KX PHXUSOXVFKURQLTXHWHOOHTXHODF\FORWK\PLH>@ 3DUDLOOHXUVO·DGROHVFHQWDYHF7'$+HVWHQGpFDODJHSDU UDSSRUWDXQLYHDXGHGpYHORSSHPHQWGHVHVSDLUVDORUVTXH OHWURXEOHELSRODLUHSUpVHQWHGHVGLIIpUHQFHVVLJQLÀFDWLYHV SDUUDSSRUWjVRQSURSUHQLYHDXGHIRQFWLRQQHPHQWKDELWXHO (QÀQLOHVWSDUWLFXOLqUHPHQWLPSRUWDQWGHGLVVRFLHUFHV GHX[WURXEOHVFDULOVRQWFKDFXQGHVWUDLWHPHQWVELHQGLV WLQFWVjVDYRLUOHVSV\FKRVWLPXODQWVSRXUOH7'$+HWOHVWK\ PRUpJXODWHXUVSRXUOHVWURXEOHVELSRODLUHV1DWXUHOOHPHQW GHVHUUHXUVGLDJQRVWLTXHVHWWKpUDSHXWLTXHVVXEVpTXHQWHV SHXYHQW JpQpUHU GH VpULHXVHV FRPSOLFDWLRQV WHOOHV TX·XQ YLUDJHPDQLDTXHRXGHVPDQLIHVWDWLRQVSV\FKRWLTXHV>@

7'$+HW7%FRPRUELGLWpV 6·,OHVWLPSRUWDQWGHGLVVRFLHUFHVGHX[WURXEOHVLODUULYH SDUIRLV TX·LOV VRLHQW DVVRFLpV (Q HIIHW VHORQ 0F&RXJK HW DO >@ SDUPL OHV DGROHVFHQWV SUpVHQWDQW XQ 7'$+  

''D)RQVHFDHWDO

G·HQWUH HX[ SUpVHQWHQW XQ WURXEOH ELSRODLUH GRQW   GHWURXEOHELSRODLUHGHW\SH,&HWWHFRPRUELGLWpSRXUUDLW DWWHLQGUHDYHFGHVFULWqUHVEHDXFRXSSOXVODUJHV>@ ­O·LQYHUVHSDUPLOHVDGROHVFHQWVSUpVHQWDQWXQWURXEOH ELSRODLUH  j   G·HQWUH HX[ SUpVHQWHUDLHQW XQ7'$+ DVVRFLp >@ &HV FKLIIUHV VRQW ELHQ pYLGHPPHQW YDULDEOHV VHORQOHVFULWqUHVXWLOLVpV'DQVXQHpWXGHUpFHQWH>@FRQFHU QDQW  VXMHWV kJpV GH  j  DQV SUpVHQWDQW GHV VLJQHV FOLQLTXHVGHPDQLHG·HQWUHHX[SUpVHQWDLHQWXQ7'$+ XQWURXEOHELSRODLUHHWXQWURXEOHELSRODLUHDVVRFLp jXQ7'$+&KH]O·DGXOWHOHVpWXGHVUHWURXYHQWHQWUHj GHFRPRUELGLWpV>@&HWWHFRPRUELGLWpLPSRUWDQWH HVWHQFRUHSOXVpOHYpHVLO·RQSUHQGHQFRPSWHO·HQVHPEOH GXVSHFWUHELSRODLUH /RLQG·rWUHUDUHFHWWHFRPRUELGLWpHVWGRQFLPSRUWDQWH j FRQQDvWUH ,O VHPEOH G·DLOOHXUV TXH ORUVTXH OH7'$+ HVW DVVRFLpjXQWURXEOHELSRODLUHFHOXLFLVHPEOHGpEXWHUGH PDQLqUH EHDXFRXS SOXV SUpFRFH HQ PR\HQQH j  DQV  DYRLU XQH SUpGRPLQDQFH PDVFXOLQH HW XQ QLYHDX GH IRQF WLRQQHPHQWSOXVIDLEOH2QUHWURXYHpJDOHPHQWGHVIRUPHV PL[WHVSOXVIUpTXHQWHVHWEHDXFRXSSOXVVpYqUHVDYHFXQH LUULWDELOLWpHWXQHLPSXOVLYLWpSOXVLPSRUWDQWHV(OOHHVWDXVVL SOXVVRXYHQWDVVRFLpHjG·DXWUHVFRPRUELGLWpVWHOOHVTXHOHV FRQGXLWHV DGGLFWLYHV RX OHV WURXEOHV DQ[LHX[ /·pYROXWLRQ HW OHV FRPSOLFDWLRQV VRQW SOXV VpYqUHV ULVTXH VXLFLGDLUH FRPSRUWHPHQWYLROHQWV (QÀQORUVTXHOHSDWLHQWSUpVHQWH XQWURXEOHELSRODLUHDVVRFLpDX7'$+OHWUDLWHPHQWPpGL FDPHQWHX[VHPEOHPRLQVHIÀFDFH>@

7'$+HW%3XQHUHODWLRQFRPSOH[H /H7'$+ HW OH7% HQWUHWLHQQHQW GRQF XQH UHODWLRQ FRP SOH[HGHSDUOHXUFKHYDXFKHPHQWV\PSWRPDWRORJLTXHHWOD IUpTXHQFHGHOHXUDVVRFLDWLRQ,OVHPEOHGRQFOpJLWLPHGH VHGHPDQGHUV·LOV·DJLWYUDLPHQWGHGHX[WURXEOHVGLVWLQFWV RX V·LO V·DJLW GH GHX[ H[SUHVVLRQV GLIIpUHQWHV G·XQ PrPH WURXEOH 3OXVLHXUV pWXGHV RQW WHQWp GH UpSRQGUH j FHWWH TXHVWLRQ 3OXVLHXUV pWXGHV ORQJLWXGLQDOHV RQW pWp UpDOLVpHV DÀQ GH VDYRLU VL OH7'$+ SRXYDLW rWUH XQ SURGURPH GX7% HQ pYDOXDQWGHVFRKRUWHVG·HQIDQWV7'$+VXLYLVVXUSOXVLHXUV DQQpHV/HVUpVXOWDWVGHFHVpWXGHVVRQWDVVH]KpWpURJqQHV )LVFKHU HW DO >@ QH UHWURXYHQW DXFXQ WURXEOH ELSRODLUH SDUPLHQIDQWVSUpVHQWDQWXQ7'$+VXLYLVSHQGDQWDQV (QUHYDQFKH&DUOVRQHWDO>@UHWURXYHQWGHWURXEOHV ELSRODLUHVSDUPLHQIDQWV7'$+pYDOXpVHQWUHHWDQV (QÀQ+DOSHULQHWDO>@QHUHWURXYHQWTXHGHX[FDVGH WURXEOHVELSRODLUHVSDUPLVXMHWV7'$+VXLYLVHQWUHHW DQV '·DXWUHV pWXGHV VH VRQW LQWpUHVVpHV DX VXLYL ORQJLWXGL QDOGHVHQIDQWVGHVXMHWVELSRODLUHV'XII\HWDO>@RQW VXLYLSHQGDQWDQVHQIDQWVGHVXMHWVSUpVHQWDQWXQ 7% HW  GH VXMHWV FRQWU{OHV 3DUPL OHV VXMHWV j ULVTXH

7URXEOHGpÀFLWDLUHGHO·DWWHQWLRQHWRXWURXEOHELSRODLUH"

VHXOHPHQW  RQW GpYHORSSp XQ WURXEOH GH O·KXPHXU &H WURXEOHELSRODLUHDpWpSUpFpGpG·XQ7'$+XQLTXHPHQWFKH] HQIDQWV(QUHYDQFKHSRXUOHVDXWUHVVXMHWVOH7%DpWp SUpFpGpSDUG·DXWUHVWURXEOHVSV\FKRSDWKRORJLTXHVWHOVTXH OHVWURXEOHVDQ[LHX[GHVWURXEOHVGpSUHVVLIVPLQHXUVGHV WURXEOHVGXVRPPHLORXXQDEXVGHVXEVWDQFHV&HVpWXGHV QHGpPRQWUHQWSDVFODLUHPHQWXQHUpHOOHFRQWLQXLWpHQWUHOH 7'$+HWOH7%/HWURXEOHELSRODLUHVHPEOHHQHIIHWSUpFpGp SDUGHQRPEUHX[WURXEOHVSV\FKRSDWKRORJLTXHVHWOH7'$+ Q·DSSDUDvWSDVrWUHSOXVVSpFLÀTXHTXHOHVDXWUHVWURXEOHV $XGHOjGHVDVSHFWVFOLQLTXHVOHVpWXGHVFRQFHUQDQWOHV DVSHFWV QHXURSV\FKRORJLTXHV DLQVL TXH OHV QHXURVFLHQFHV SHUPHWWHQW pJDOHPHQW GH PLHX[ FRPSUHQGUH OD UHODWLRQ HQWUHOH7'$+HWOH7% 3OXVLHXUVpWXGHVRQWHVVD\pGHVSpFLÀHUOHVSDUWLFXODULWpV QHXURSV\FKRORJLTXHVGHFHVGHX[WURXEOHV&HUWDLQHVFDSD FLWpVFRJQLWLYHVFRPPHO·LQKLELWLRQODPpPRLUHGHWUDYDLO YLVXHOOH HW YHUEDOH QH SHUPHWWHQW SDV GH GLVFULPLQHU OHV GHX[WURXEOHV(QUHYDQFKHLOVHPEOHTXHOHVWURXEOHVGH ODPpPRLUHGHWUDYDLOVSDWLDOHHWGHODÁXHQFHYHUEDOHVRQW OHVSOXVVSpFLÀTXHVGX7'$+/HVWURXEOHVGHODÁH[LELOLWp GH OD SODQLÀFDWLRQ XQH YLWHVVH GH WUDLWHPHQW SOXV IDLEOH DLQVLTXHOHWHPSVGHUpDFWLRQSOXVOHQWHWYDULDEOHVHUDLHQW SOXVVSpFLÀTXHVGXWURXEOHELSRODLUH>@*OREDOHPHQWFHV pWXGHVGpPRQWUHQWGHQRPEUHXVHVVLPLOLWXGHVQHXURSV\FKR ORJLTXHVHQWUHOHVGHX[WURXEOHVPDLVOHVUpVXOWDWVUHVWHQW WUqVKpWpURJqQHVHWFRQWUDGLFWRLUHV (Q UHYDQFKH OHV pWXGHV HQ ,50I FRPPH FHOOH GH 3DVVDURWL HW DO HQ  >@ UHWURXYHQW GHV GLIIpUHQFHV VLJQLÀFDWLYHVHQWUHOH7%HWOH7'$+&HWWHpWXGHDFRPSDUp VXMHWV7'$+VXMHWVELSRODLUHVFRQWU{OHVDYHFXQH PR\HQQHG·kJHGHDQVHWGHPL6LRQQHUHWURXYHSDVGH GLIIpUHQFHGHSHUIRUPDQFHHQWUHOHVJURXSHV7'$+HW%3LO VHPEOHH[LVWHUGHVGLIIpUHQFHVIRQFWLRQQHOOHVHQSDUWLFXOLHU DXQLYHDXGRUVRODWpUDOHWYHQWURODWpUDOGXFRUWH[SUpIURQWDO TXL VHPEOH PRLQV DFWLYp FKH] OHV VXMHWV7'$+ 'DQV XQH DXWUHpWXGHHQ,50I>@OHVDXWHXUVRQWFRPSDUpJURXSHV G·HQIDQWVHWG·DGROHVFHQWVHQWUHHWDQV> FRQWU{OHV %37'$+HW60' WURXEOHVpYqUHGHODUpJXODWLRQ pPRWLRQQHOOH @/DWkFKHFRQVLVWDLWjpYDOXHUODSHXUVXUGHV SKRWRVGHYLVDJHVQHXWUHV/HVUpVXOWDWVUpYqOHQWGHVDFWLYD WLRQVGLIIpUHQWHVDXQLYHDXDP\JGDOLHQHQSDUWLFXOLHUDYHF XQHK\SHUDFWLYDWLRQDP\JGDOLHQQHEHDXFRXSSOXVLPSRUWDQWH FKH]OHVVXMHWV7'$+ (QILQ LO VHPEOH H[LVWHU GHV GLIIpUHQFHV DX QLYHDX DQDWRPLTXH HQWUH OHV VXMHWV7% (77'$+ >@ /·pWXGH GH %LHGHUPDQHWDO>@DFRPSDUpGHVDGXOWHVSUpVHQWDQWVRLW XQ7%GHW\SH,VRLWXQ7'$+VRLWOHVGHX[WURXEOHV/HV UpVXOWDWVUHWURXYHQWXQFRUWH[SUpIURQWDOVXSpULHXUXQFRUWH[ FLQJXODLUHDQWpULHXUHWXQFHUYHOHWGHYROXPHLQIpULHXUFKH] OHV7'$+ (Q UHYDQFKH FKH] OHV ELSRODLUHV OH WKDODPXV VHPEOH SOXV ODUJH HW OH FRUWH[ RUELWRSUpIURQWDO GH WDLOOH LQIpULHXUH'DQVO·pWXGHGH/RSH]/DUVRQHWDO>@OHV ,50DQDWRPLTXHVUpDOLVpHVFKH]GHVHQIDQWVHQWUHHWDQV

6

UHWURXYHQWGHVWDLOOHVSOXVIDLEOHVDXQLYHDXDP\JGDOLHQGX QR\DXFDXGpHWGXSXWDPHQSRXUOHVVXMHWV7'$+DYHFHQ UHYDQFKH XQ QXFOHXV DFXPEHQV SOXV ODUJH SRXU OHV VXMHWV ELSRODLUHV &HV TXHOTXHV pWXGHV VHPEOHQW GRQF GpPRQWUHU GHV VWUXFWXUHVFpUpEUDOHVELHQGLVWLQFWHVSRXUFKDTXHWURXEOH

&RQFOXVLRQ 6·LO H[LVWH GH QRPEUHXVHV VLPLOLWXGHV FOLQLTXHV HW QHXUR SV\FKRORJLTXHV HQWUH OH 7'$+ HW OH WURXEOH ELSRODLUH LO VHPEOHTXHFHVRLWGHX[WURXEOHVSV\FKRSDWKRORJLTXHVELHQ GLVWLQFWV3OXVLHXUVpWXGHVPRQWUHQWHQHIIHWGHVGLIIpUHQFHV VLJQLÀFDWLYHVDXQLYHDXGHVSURFHVVXVQHXURELRORJLTXHVVRXV MDFHQWV(QRXWUHOH7'$+QHVHPEOHSDVrWUHXQSURGURPH VSpFLÀTXHGXWURXEOHELSRODLUHSXLVTXHOHVpWXGHVUHWURXYHQW GH PDQLqUH SOXV IUpTXHQWH GHV WURXEOHV DQ[LHX[ GDQV OHV DQWpFpGHQWVGHVXMHWVGpYHORSSDQWXQWURXEOHELSRODLUH(Q UHYDQFKHODFRPRUELGLWpRXO·DVVRFLDWLRQGHVGHX[WURXEOHV HVW UHODWLYHPHQW IUpTXHQWH ,O V·DJLW DORUV G·XQH IRUPH FOLQLTXH SOXV FRPSOH[H HW SOXV VpYqUH DYHF XQH pYROXWLRQ HW GHVFRPSOLFDWLRQVSOXV QRPEUHXVHV ,O HVW pYLGHPPHQW QpFHVVDLUHGHPLHX[FRQQDLWUHVRQH[LVWHQFHDÀQGHSRX YRLUDMXVWHUDXPLHX[ODSULVHHQFKDUJHHWOHWUDLWHPHQW /DUHODWLRQHQWUHOH7'$+HWOH7%HVWGRQFUHODWLYHPHQW FRPSOH[H(OOHQpFHVVLWHHQFRUHGHQRPEUHXVHVpWXGHVHQ SDUWLFXOLHUSRXUGLIIpUHQFLHUOH7'$+GHVIRUPHVFOLQLTXHV PRLQVFODVVLTXHVGXVSHFWUHELSRODLUH

/LHQVG·LQWpUrWV /HVDXWHXUVGpFODUHQWQ·DYRLUDXFXQOLHQG·LQWpUrWSRXUFHW DUWLFOH

5pIpUHQFHV >@ *HOOHU%=LPHUPDQ%:LOOLDPV0HWDO'60,9PDQLDV\PS WRPVLQDSUHSXEHUWDODQGHDUO\DGROHVFHQWELSRODUGLVRUGHU SKHQRW\SHFRPSDUHGWRDWWHQWLRQGHÀ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

6

>@ 0F*RXJK--/RR6.0F&UDFNHQ-7HWDO&%&/SHGLDWULFELSR ODUGLVRUGHUSURÀOHDQG$'+'FRPRUELGLW\DQGTXDQWLWDWLYH WUDLW ORFL DQDO\VLV -$P$FDG &KLOG DQG$GROHVF 3V\FKLDWU\  >@ %LUPDKHU%$[HOVRQ'6WUREHU0HWDO&OLQLFDOFRXUVHRIFKLO GUHQDQGDGROHVFHQWVZLWKELSRODUVSHFWUXPGLVRUGHUV$UFKRI *HQ3V\FK >@ $UQROG/('HPHWHU&0RXQW.HWDO3HGLDWULFELSRODUVSHF WUXPGLVRUGHUDQG$'+'FRPSDULVRQDQGFRPRUELGLW\LQWKH /$06VWXG\%LSRODU'LVRUG >@ 7DPDP/.DUDNXV*2]SR\UD]1&RPRUELGLW\RIDGXOWDWWHQ WLRQGHÀFLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\GLVRUGHUDQGELSRODUGLVRUGHU3UHYD OHQFHDQGFOLQLFDOFRUUHODWHV(XU$UFK3V\FKLDWU\&OLQ1HXURVFL  >@ )LVFKHU0%DUNOH\5$6PDOOLVK/HWDO@ 'XII\$$OGD0+DMHN7HWDO(DUO\VWDJHVLQWKHGHYHORSPHQW RIELSRODUGLVRUGHU-$IIHFW'LVRUG >@ 3DVVDURWWL$06ZHHQH\-$3DYXOXUL01HWDO1HXUDOFRUUH ODWHVRIUHVSRQVHLQKLELWLRQLQSHGLDWULFELSRODUGLVRUGHUDQG DWWHQWLRQGHÀFLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\GLVRUGHU3V\FKLDWU\5HV1HX URLPDJLQJ >@ %URWPDQ 0$ 5LFK %$ *X\HU$( HW DO$P\JGDOD DFWLYDWLRQ GXULQJHPRWLRQSURFHVVLQJRIQHXWUDOIDFHVLQFKLOGUHQZLWK VHYHUHPRRGG\VUHJXODWLRQYHUVXV$'+'RUELSRODUGLVRUGHU $P-3V\FKLDWU\ >@ %LHGHUPDQ - 0DNULV 1 9DOHUD (0 HW DO 7RZDUGV IXUWKHU XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH FRPRUELGLW\ EHWZHHQ DWWHQWLRQ GHÀ FLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\GLVRUGHUDQGELSRODUGLVRUGHUD05,VWXG\RI EUDLQYROXPHV3V\FKRO0HG >@ /RSH]/DUVRQ00LFKDHO(67HUU\-(HWDO6XEFRUWLFDOGLI IHUHQFHV DPRQJ \RXWKV ZLWK DWWHQWLRQGHÀFLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\ GLVRUGHU FRPSDUHG WR WKRVH ZLWK ELSRODU GLVRUGHU ZLWK DQG ZLWKRXWDWWHQWLRQGHÀFLWK\SHUDFWLYLW\GLVRUGHU-&KLOGDQG $GROHVF3V\FKRSKDUPDFRO

or bipolar disorder?].

The attention deficit disorder and the bipolar disorder maintain a complex relation. Indeed, these two syndromes share numerous symptoms that engender...
92KB Sizes 0 Downloads 27 Views