1612949 J. med. Primatol. 4: 51-61 (1975)

Olfactory Neuroepithelioma in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)1 P. Correa, D.W. Dalgard and R.H. Adamson Louisiana State University, New Orleans, La., Hazleton Laboratories, Vienna, Va., and National Cancer Institutes, Bethesda, Md.

Abstract. This is a report of an olfactory neuroepi­ thelioma occurring in a male cynomolgus monkey (Ma­

Key Words Macaco fascicularis

caco fascicularis). It is not possible to state whether this

Neoplasia

tumor was spontaneous or related to the experimental

Olfactory neuroepithelioma

procedures carried out in this animal.

The increasing utilization of nonhuman primates in experiemental oncology requires the need of adequate documentation of the tumors found in these species. Reports of spontaneous tumors of the upper respiratory mucosa seem to be rare in nonhuman primates. O’Conor [7] and O’Gara and Adamson [8] did not report any such tumor in their review of the literature and we have not found such reports published to date. This report deals with a case of olfactory neuro­ epithelioma of the nasal cavity found in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) during studies of long-term chemical carcino­ genesis and biological markers associated with tumors.

Case Report A male cynomolgus monkey (No. 488F) was born on 23rd August, 1966, in a colony kept by the National Cancer Institute at Hazleton Laboratories (Vienna, Va.). At the age of two months (11th October, 1966) the animal received an intracerebral transplant of a cell culture

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1 Supported in part by USPHS, NCI contract NOl-CM 33708.

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Correa/Dalgard/Adamson

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from a carcinoma of the liver obtained from a 24-month-old rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). The tumor was induced by continuous feeding of N-nitrosodiethylamine since birth. This cell culture was mixed with tantalum dust to facilitate X-ray visualization of tumor growth. The technique and the results of these transplantation experi­ ments have been reported by Kelly et al. [4], There was no evidence of growth of intracerebral tumor by clinical signs or X-ray studies and it was assumed that the transplant did not take. It was later decided to use the animal for aflatoxin carcinogenesis studies and at the age of ten months (11th July, 1967) it began to receive weekly intraperitoneal injections of aflatoxin B4 at a dose of 0.125 mg/kg once weekly. The schedule and dose were changed twice during the next two years so that the monkey was receiving 0.25 mg/kg once a week at the beginning of 1970. The dose and schedule were subsequently not changed. The total dose of aflatoxin received was 130.8 mg. The last dose of aflatoxin was given on the 20th July, 1971. The animal was housed in an individual cage in a room with other monkeys receiving aflatoxin. All animals were fed Purina Monkey Chow (Ralston Purina Company, St. Louis, Mo.) and received a vitamin sandwich and half an apple five times a week. On the 26th July, 1971, a watery discharge from the left nostril was noted; this persisted and became bloody on the 18th May, 1971. The canine teeth were extracted on the 22nd June, 1971. On the 3rd September, 1971, a tissue mass became obvious in the vacated alveolus of the left upper canine tooth and surrounding area. Eleven days later during surgery to remove the mass, the animal died. At autopsy a firm grayish tumor mass was found in the roof of the nasal cavity, in the area of the cribriform plate. The mass measured 4.5 X4.0 X 3.5 cm and was composed of two parts; one intranasal and one intracranial. The nasal portion extended downward filling the left cavity, compressing the hard palate downward and adhering to the left side of the nasal septum, which was deviated to the right. The tumor invaded the maxillary bone and had necrotic and hemorrhagic areas. The intracranial portion measured 2.0 X 1.5 X 1.0 cm and com­ pressed the right frontal lobe towards the right and the left frontal lobe backwards (fig. 1). Other tissues appeared normal grossly with the exception of the liver which was of firmer than normal consistency. Microscopically the tumor had several histologic patterns, although the predominant pattern was adenocarcinomatous, with elongated

Olfactory Neuroepithelioma

Fig. 1. Photograph of a sagittal section of the skull. The anterior portion of the tumor fills the nasal cavity, invades the maxillary sinuses and compresses the hard palate down­ ward. The intracranial portion occupies the frontal portion of the cranial cavity com­ pressing the frontal lobe. The two portions are separated by the cribriform plate, which is invaded by tumor.

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glands which projected into the nasal cavities and compressed the cerebral cortex. The cavities were lined by large columnar cells with pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and an oval central nucleus usually con­ taining a small but prominent nucleolus (fig. 2, 3). In many areas the tall columnar cells arranged themselves as true rosettes with a central lumen either empty or containing cellular debris. There were no cilia, but some cells showed a small eosinophilic process which projected itself into the lumen. In some areas the rosette structures seemed to coalesce to form larger gland-like structures (fig. 4, 5). The gland-like structures were frequently surrounded by a sarcomatous proliferation of oval- or round-shaped cells with scanty cytoplasm and dense hyperchromatic nuclei. These cells were either closely packed or separated by a fibrillar stroma (fig. 6-8). Other fields showed more anaplastic sarcomatous elements with bizarre hyperchromatic giant nuclei, re­ miniscent of glioblastoma multiforme (fig. 9). A different type of glan­ dular elements lined by smaller cells than those lining the rosettes and having a small lumen with angulations reminiscent of Bowman’s

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Correa/DaloARD /Adamson

Fig. 2. Microphotograph of the tumor forming elongated gland-like spaces attached to the periosteum of the cribriform plate. Pattern reminiscent of ependymoma. HE. x 100.

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Fig. 3. The tumor compressing the frontal lobe. HE. x40.

Olfactory Neuroepithelioma

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Fig. 4. Tumor ‘rosettes’. HE. x 400. Fig. 5. Formation of ‘glandular’ spaces by coalescence of true rosettes. HE. x400.

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Correa/Dalgard/Adamson

Fig. 6. Sarcomatous appearance with fibrillar stroma. HE. x 160. Fig. 7. Sarcomatous appearance with round cells. HE. x 160.

Fig. 8. Mixture of glandular and sarcomatous elements. HE. x 160. Fig. 9. Pleomorphic sarcomatous portion with giant and bizarre cells. Pattern remi­

x 160.

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niscent of glioblastoma multiforme. HE.

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Olfactory Neuroepithelioma

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Olfactory neuroepithelioma in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).

This is a report of an olfactory neuroepithelioma occurring in a male cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). It is not possible to state whether thi...
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