ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Motor and Nonmotor Circuitry Activation Induced by Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients With Parkinson Disease: Intraoperative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Deep Brain Stimulation Emily J. Knight, PhD; Paola Testini, MD; Hoon-Ki Min, PhD; William S. Gibson, BS; Krzysztof R. Gorny, PhD; Christopher P. Favazza, PhD; Joel P. Felmlee, PhD; Inyong Kim, BS; Kirk M. Welker, MD; Daniel A. Clayton, MD; Bryan T. Klassen, MD; Su-youne Chang, PhD; and Kendall H. Lee, MD, PhD Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis suggested by previous studies that subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with Parkinson disease would affect the activity of motor and nonmotor networks, we applied intraoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to patients receiving DBS. Patients and Methods: Ten patients receiving STN DBS for Parkinson disease underwent intraoperative 1.5-T fMRI during high-frequency stimulation delivered via an external pulse generator. The study was conducted between January 1, 2013, and September 30, 2014. Results: We observed blood oxygen leveledependent (BOLD) signal changes (false discovery rate