Original Article
Low‑density lipoprotein subfraction, carotid artery intima‑media thickness, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are associated with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke Medine Cumhur Cure, Ahmet Tufekci1, Erkan Cure2, Serkan Kirbas1, Sabri Ogullar3, Aynur Kirbas, Huseyin Unal3, Suleyman Yuce2, Sevim Cakmak1 Departments of Biochemistry, 1Neurology, 2Internal Medicine, and 3Radiology, University of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Rize, Turkey Abstract Objectives: Small dense (sd) low‑density lipoprotein (LDL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha (α), and nitric oxide (NO) have recently emerged as important stroke risk factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of increased levels of small LDL particle size, TNF‑α and NO on the developed ischemic stroke and increased carotid artery intima‑media thickness (CIMT). Materials and Methods: A total of 29 women and 25 men (a total of 54 ischemic stroke patients) and a similar age group of 50 controls (29 females and 21 males) were included in the study. CIMT, C‑reactive protein (CRP), TNF‑α, NO, and lipid subfraction test of the two groups were measured. Results: The mean LDL particle size was smaller in patients with stroke than in the controls (26.8 ± 0.31 nm vs. 27.0 ± 0.31 nm, P = 0.003). sd‑LDL, TNF‑α, NO, CRP, right CIMT, and left CIMT were higher in patients with stroke than in the controls (respectively; 8.2 ± 7.8 mg/dL vs. 3.3 ± 3.5 mg/dL, P
Low‑density lipoprotein subfraction, carotid artery intima‑media thickness, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are associated with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke Medine Cumhur Cure, Ahmet Tufekci1, Erkan Cure2, Serkan Kirbas1, Sabri Ogullar3, Aynur Kirbas, Huseyin Unal3, Suleyman Yuce2, Sevim Cakmak1 Departments of Biochemistry, 1Neurology, 2Internal Medicine, and 3Radiology, University of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Rize, Turkey Abstract Objectives: Small dense (sd) low‑density lipoprotein (LDL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha (α), and nitric oxide (NO) have recently emerged as important stroke risk factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of increased levels of small LDL particle size, TNF‑α and NO on the developed ischemic stroke and increased carotid artery intima‑media thickness (CIMT). Materials and Methods: A total of 29 women and 25 men (a total of 54 ischemic stroke patients) and a similar age group of 50 controls (29 females and 21 males) were included in the study. CIMT, C‑reactive protein (CRP), TNF‑α, NO, and lipid subfraction test of the two groups were measured. Results: The mean LDL particle size was smaller in patients with stroke than in the controls (26.8 ± 0.31 nm vs. 27.0 ± 0.31 nm, P = 0.003). sd‑LDL, TNF‑α, NO, CRP, right CIMT, and left CIMT were higher in patients with stroke than in the controls (respectively; 8.2 ± 7.8 mg/dL vs. 3.3 ± 3.5 mg/dL, P
