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J Toxicol Environ Health A. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 October 14. Published in final edited form as: J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015 ; 78(17): 1122–1132. doi:10.1080/15287394.2015.1056898.
Investigations into the Immunotoxicity and Allergic Potential Induced by Topical Application of N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) in a Murine Model
Author Manuscript
Antonella Marrocco, B. Jean Meade, Carrie M. Long, Ewa Lukomska, Nikki B. Marshall, and Stacey E. Anderson National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
Abstract
Author Manuscript
N-Butylbenzene sulfonamide (NBBS) is a commonly used plasticizer found in numerous products. Due to its extensive use, lack of adequate toxicological data, and suspicion of toxicity based on the presence of structural alerts, it was nominated to the National Toxicology Program for comprehensive toxicological testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential for hypersensitivity and immune suppression following dermal exposure to NBBS using a murine model. NBBS tested negative in a combined irritancy/local lymph node assay (LLNA), classifying it as nonirritating and nonsensitizing. To estimate the immunosuppressive potential of NBBS, assays that assessed immunotoxicity were performed, including the immumnoglobulin (Ig) M response to T-cell-dependent antigen sheep red blood cells (SRBC), using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay and immune cell phenotyping. After a 28-d treatment with NBBS, mice exposed to the lowest concentration (25% NBBS) showed a significant increase in IgM-producing B cells in the spleen. No marked changes were identified in immune cell markers in the lymph node. In contrast to body weight, a significant elevation in kidney and liver weight was observed following dermal exposure to all concentrations of NBBS. These results demonstrate that dermal exposure to NBBS, other than liver and kidney toxicity, did not apparently induce immunotoxicity in a murine model.
Author Manuscript
N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) is a common plasticizer used in polyacetals, polycarbonates, polysulfones, and polyamides, in flexible tubing, and in the production of films, transparent coating, and plastic resins (Kumar et al. 2007; Strong et al. 1991). NBBS (1) enables easier machining and removal of plastics from molds, (2) produces a better finish, and (3) imparts heat stability (Proviron Fine Chemicals 2003). In addition to its plasticizer properties, NBBS possesses antifungal properties (Kim et al. 2000), and was described as a starting reagent for synthesis of a proposed sulfonyl carbamate herbicide as well as other industrial chemicals and drugs (Stephens 1976). In the United States alone, production volumes of NBBS in 2006 ranged from 1,000,000 to
J Toxicol Environ Health A. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 October 14. Published in final edited form as: J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015 ; 78(17): 1122–1132. doi:10.1080/15287394.2015.1056898.
Investigations into the Immunotoxicity and Allergic Potential Induced by Topical Application of N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) in a Murine Model
Author Manuscript
Antonella Marrocco, B. Jean Meade, Carrie M. Long, Ewa Lukomska, Nikki B. Marshall, and Stacey E. Anderson National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
Abstract
Author Manuscript
N-Butylbenzene sulfonamide (NBBS) is a commonly used plasticizer found in numerous products. Due to its extensive use, lack of adequate toxicological data, and suspicion of toxicity based on the presence of structural alerts, it was nominated to the National Toxicology Program for comprehensive toxicological testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential for hypersensitivity and immune suppression following dermal exposure to NBBS using a murine model. NBBS tested negative in a combined irritancy/local lymph node assay (LLNA), classifying it as nonirritating and nonsensitizing. To estimate the immunosuppressive potential of NBBS, assays that assessed immunotoxicity were performed, including the immumnoglobulin (Ig) M response to T-cell-dependent antigen sheep red blood cells (SRBC), using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay and immune cell phenotyping. After a 28-d treatment with NBBS, mice exposed to the lowest concentration (25% NBBS) showed a significant increase in IgM-producing B cells in the spleen. No marked changes were identified in immune cell markers in the lymph node. In contrast to body weight, a significant elevation in kidney and liver weight was observed following dermal exposure to all concentrations of NBBS. These results demonstrate that dermal exposure to NBBS, other than liver and kidney toxicity, did not apparently induce immunotoxicity in a murine model.
Author Manuscript
N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) is a common plasticizer used in polyacetals, polycarbonates, polysulfones, and polyamides, in flexible tubing, and in the production of films, transparent coating, and plastic resins (Kumar et al. 2007; Strong et al. 1991). NBBS (1) enables easier machining and removal of plastics from molds, (2) produces a better finish, and (3) imparts heat stability (Proviron Fine Chemicals 2003). In addition to its plasticizer properties, NBBS possesses antifungal properties (Kim et al. 2000), and was described as a starting reagent for synthesis of a proposed sulfonyl carbamate herbicide as well as other industrial chemicals and drugs (Stephens 1976). In the United States alone, production volumes of NBBS in 2006 ranged from 1,000,000 to
