Bioresource Technology 164 (2014) 136–142
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Bioresource Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biortech
Investigation of high pressure steaming (HPS) as a thermal treatment for lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris Ana-Maria Aguirre, Amarjeet Bassi ⇑ Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
h i g h l i g h t s Target temperature and algae concentration have effect on cell wall disruption. Best lipid yields are obtained at high temperatures and low biomass concentrations. Low temperatures and low or high algae concentrations are suited for glucose yield. The FAMEs found in larger amount after thermal extraction had 16–18 carbons.
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Article history: Received 18 February 2014 Received in revised form 25 April 2014 Accepted 26 April 2014 Available online 6 May 2014 Keywords: High pressure steaming Lipid extraction Biofuels Chlorella vulgaris Response surface methodology
a b s t r a c t Biofuels from algae are considered a technically viable energy source that overcomes several of the problems present in previous generations of biofuels. In this research high pressure steaming (HPS) was studied as a hydrothermal pre-treatment for extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris, and analysis by response surface methodology allowed finding operational points in terms of target temperature and algae concentration for high lipid and glucose yields. Within the range covered by these experiments the best conditions for high bio-crude yield are temperatures higher than 174 °C and low biomass concentrations (
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Bioresource Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biortech
Investigation of high pressure steaming (HPS) as a thermal treatment for lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris Ana-Maria Aguirre, Amarjeet Bassi ⇑ Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
h i g h l i g h t s Target temperature and algae concentration have effect on cell wall disruption. Best lipid yields are obtained at high temperatures and low biomass concentrations. Low temperatures and low or high algae concentrations are suited for glucose yield. The FAMEs found in larger amount after thermal extraction had 16–18 carbons.
a r t i c l e
i n f o
Article history: Received 18 February 2014 Received in revised form 25 April 2014 Accepted 26 April 2014 Available online 6 May 2014 Keywords: High pressure steaming Lipid extraction Biofuels Chlorella vulgaris Response surface methodology
a b s t r a c t Biofuels from algae are considered a technically viable energy source that overcomes several of the problems present in previous generations of biofuels. In this research high pressure steaming (HPS) was studied as a hydrothermal pre-treatment for extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris, and analysis by response surface methodology allowed finding operational points in terms of target temperature and algae concentration for high lipid and glucose yields. Within the range covered by these experiments the best conditions for high bio-crude yield are temperatures higher than 174 °C and low biomass concentrations (
