Chemosphere 127 (2015) 269–275
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Chemosphere journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemosphere
Investigating landfill leachate as a source of trace organic pollutants Bradley O. Clarke a,b, Tarun Anumol a, Morton Barlaz c, Shane A. Snyder a,d,⇑ a
Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen St, Tucson, AZ, USA RMIT University, School of Applied Sciences, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne 3001, Australia c Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, USA d National University of Singapore, NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), 5A Engineering Drive 1, T-Lab Building, #02-01, Singapore 117411, Singapore b
h i g h l i g h t s Landfill leachates were analyzed to pollutants commonly associated with wastewater effluents. Concentration of pollutants ranged several orders of magnitude (ng mg L
1
).
Preliminary mass balance completed to estimate contribution of leachate to WWTPs. Landfill leachate maybe an significant source of environmental pollution.
a r t i c l e
i n f o
Article history: Received 8 December 2014 Received in revised form 5 February 2015 Accepted 6 February 2015
Handling Editor: Keith Maruya Keywords: Landfill leachate Contaminants of emerging concern DEET Sucralose Primidone
a b s t r a c t Landfill leachate samples (n = 11) were collected from five USA municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and analyzed for ten trace organic pollutants that are commonly detected in surface and municipal wastewater effluents (viz., carbamazepine, DEET, fluoxetine, gemfibrozil, PFOA, PFOS, primidone, sucralose, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim). Carbamazepine, DEET, PFOA and primidone were detected in all leachate samples analyzed and gemfibrozil was detected in samples from four of the five-landfill sites. The contaminants found in the highest concentrations were DEET (6900–143 000 ng L 1) and sucralose ( 121 413 > 372; 413 > 169 499 > 80; 499 > 99 219 > 162;219 > 91 419 > 221; 419 > 239 254 > 92; 254 > 156 291 > 230; 291 > 261
110 110 90 100 86 210 70 110 80 75
15; 35 15; 30 5 5 5 50 9; 25 15 30; 10 25
Table 4 Concentrations of organic pollutants in landfill leachate (ng L
1
), summary statistics and quality control samples.
Sample
Carbamazepine
DEET
Fluoxetine
Gemfibrozil
PFOA
PFOS
Primidone
Sucralose
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim
Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site
23 276 90 25 63 66 266 282 218 254 255
>1 000 000 >1 000 000 22 600 6850 37 300 39 680 66 700 70 000 140 000 143 500 132 000
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Chemosphere journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemosphere
Investigating landfill leachate as a source of trace organic pollutants Bradley O. Clarke a,b, Tarun Anumol a, Morton Barlaz c, Shane A. Snyder a,d,⇑ a
Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen St, Tucson, AZ, USA RMIT University, School of Applied Sciences, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne 3001, Australia c Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, USA d National University of Singapore, NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), 5A Engineering Drive 1, T-Lab Building, #02-01, Singapore 117411, Singapore b
h i g h l i g h t s Landfill leachates were analyzed to pollutants commonly associated with wastewater effluents. Concentration of pollutants ranged several orders of magnitude (ng mg L
1
).
Preliminary mass balance completed to estimate contribution of leachate to WWTPs. Landfill leachate maybe an significant source of environmental pollution.
a r t i c l e
i n f o
Article history: Received 8 December 2014 Received in revised form 5 February 2015 Accepted 6 February 2015
Handling Editor: Keith Maruya Keywords: Landfill leachate Contaminants of emerging concern DEET Sucralose Primidone
a b s t r a c t Landfill leachate samples (n = 11) were collected from five USA municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and analyzed for ten trace organic pollutants that are commonly detected in surface and municipal wastewater effluents (viz., carbamazepine, DEET, fluoxetine, gemfibrozil, PFOA, PFOS, primidone, sucralose, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim). Carbamazepine, DEET, PFOA and primidone were detected in all leachate samples analyzed and gemfibrozil was detected in samples from four of the five-landfill sites. The contaminants found in the highest concentrations were DEET (6900–143 000 ng L 1) and sucralose ( 121 413 > 372; 413 > 169 499 > 80; 499 > 99 219 > 162;219 > 91 419 > 221; 419 > 239 254 > 92; 254 > 156 291 > 230; 291 > 261
110 110 90 100 86 210 70 110 80 75
15; 35 15; 30 5 5 5 50 9; 25 15 30; 10 25
Table 4 Concentrations of organic pollutants in landfill leachate (ng L
1
), summary statistics and quality control samples.
Sample
Carbamazepine
DEET
Fluoxetine
Gemfibrozil
PFOA
PFOS
Primidone
Sucralose
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim
Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site
23 276 90 25 63 66 266 282 218 254 255
>1 000 000 >1 000 000 22 600 6850 37 300 39 680 66 700 70 000 140 000 143 500 132 000
