Letters
RADARS (Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance). The research reported here was supported by an unrestricted grant from Denver Health and Hospital Authority under the auspices of RADARS, which collects subscription fees from 14 pharmaceutical firms. No other disclosures were reported. 1. Mars SG, Bourgois P, Karandinos G, Montero F, Ciccarone D. “Every ‘never’ I ever said came true”: transitions from opioid pills to heroin injecting. Int J Drug Policy. 2014;25(2):257-266. 2. Lankenau SE, Teti M, Silva K, Jackson Bloom J, Harocopos A, Treese M. Initiation into prescription opioid misuse amongst young injection drug users. Int J Drug Policy. 2012;23(1):37-44. 3. Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Surratt HL, Kurtz SP. The changing face of heroin use in the United States: a retrospective analysis of the past 50 years. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71(7):821-826. 4. Pollini RA, Banta-Green CJ, Cuevas-Mota J, Metzner M, Teshale E, Garfein RS. Problematic use of prescription-type opioids prior to heroin use among young heroin injectors. Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2011;2(1):173-180. 5. Ciccarone D, Unick GJ, Kraus A. Impact of South American heroin on the US heroin market 1993-2004. Int J Drug Policy. 2009;20(5):392-401. 6. US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration. 2011 Heroin Domestic Monitor Program: Drug Intelligence Report. 2013. http://www .choopersguide.com/custom/domain_1/extra_files/attach_1_262.pdf. Accessed April 14, 2015.
CORRECTION Incorrect Information in Abstract and Table : In the Original Article titled “Depression and Anxiety as Predictors of 2-Year Cardiac Events in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease” published in the January 2008 issue of JAMA Psychiatry (then Archives of General Psychiatry) (2008;65[1]:62-71), incorrect unadjusted data appeared in the abstract and Table 3. The data that appeared in the abstract should have been as follows: “Of the 804 patients, 57 (7.1%) met the criteria for MDD [major depressive disorder] and 43 (5.3%) for GAD [generalized anxiety disorder] (11 [1.4%] had comorbidity); 220 (27.4%) had elevated BDI-II [Beck Depression Inventory II] scores (ⱖ14), and 333 (41.4%) had elevated HADS-A [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale] scores (ⱖ8), with 21.1% overlap. Major depressive disorder (odds ratio [OR], 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.73), GAD (OR, 2.47;
jamapsychiatry.com
95% CI, 1.23-4.97), elevated BDI-II (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.20-2.73), elevated HADS-A score (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.12-2.47), and continuous standardized scores on the BDI-II (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05-1.62) and the HADS-A (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.19-1.73) all predicted MACEs [major adverse cardiac events].” These ORs and 95% CIs should have also appeared in Table 3. Also, the covariate-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs in Table 3 should have been as follows: current MDD (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.18-4.63; P = .02); elevateddepressionsymptoms(BDI-IIscoreⱖ14)(OR,1.63;95%CI,1.05-2.54;P = .03); continuous BDI-II score (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.95-1.49; P = .14); GAD (OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.14-5.30; P = .02); elevated anxiety symptoms (HADS-A score ⱖ8) (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.00-2.38; P = .05); and continuous HADS-A score (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.14-1.75; P = .001). This article was corrected online. Information Omitted From Analyses: In the Original Article titled “HigherOrder Genetic and Environmental Structure of Prevalent Forms of Child and Adolescent Psychpathology” published in the February 2011 issue of JAMA Psychiatry (then Archives of General Psychiatry) (2011;68[2]:181-189), there were 2 errors. Although the article stated that the dimensions of psychopathology were measured using parent informants for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant disorder, and a combination of parent and youth informants for conduct disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia, and obsessivecompulsive disorder, all dimensional scores used in the reported analyses were actually based on parent reports of symptoms; youth reports were not used. In addition, whereas the article stated that each symptom dimension was residualized on age, sex, age-squared, and age by sex, the dimensions actually were only residualized on age, sex, and age-squared. All analyses were repeated using parent informants for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant disorder, and a combination of parent and youth informants for conduct disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder; these dimensional scores were residualized on age, age-squared, sex, sex by age, and sex by age-squared. The results of the new analyses were qualitatively the same as those reported in the article, with no substantial changes in conclusions. The only notable small difference was that major depression and generalized anxiety disorder dimensions had small but significant loadings on the internalizing factor in addition to their substantial loadings on the general factor in the analyses of both genetic and nonshared covariances in the selected models in the new analyses. Corrections were made to the tables and figures to reflect these changes. This article was corrected online.
(Reprinted) JAMA Psychiatry August 2015 Volume 72, Number 8
Copyright 2015 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Downloaded From: http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/ by a Central Michigan University User on 09/24/2015
851
RADARS (Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance). The research reported here was supported by an unrestricted grant from Denver Health and Hospital Authority under the auspices of RADARS, which collects subscription fees from 14 pharmaceutical firms. No other disclosures were reported. 1. Mars SG, Bourgois P, Karandinos G, Montero F, Ciccarone D. “Every ‘never’ I ever said came true”: transitions from opioid pills to heroin injecting. Int J Drug Policy. 2014;25(2):257-266. 2. Lankenau SE, Teti M, Silva K, Jackson Bloom J, Harocopos A, Treese M. Initiation into prescription opioid misuse amongst young injection drug users. Int J Drug Policy. 2012;23(1):37-44. 3. Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Surratt HL, Kurtz SP. The changing face of heroin use in the United States: a retrospective analysis of the past 50 years. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71(7):821-826. 4. Pollini RA, Banta-Green CJ, Cuevas-Mota J, Metzner M, Teshale E, Garfein RS. Problematic use of prescription-type opioids prior to heroin use among young heroin injectors. Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2011;2(1):173-180. 5. Ciccarone D, Unick GJ, Kraus A. Impact of South American heroin on the US heroin market 1993-2004. Int J Drug Policy. 2009;20(5):392-401. 6. US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration. 2011 Heroin Domestic Monitor Program: Drug Intelligence Report. 2013. http://www .choopersguide.com/custom/domain_1/extra_files/attach_1_262.pdf. Accessed April 14, 2015.
CORRECTION Incorrect Information in Abstract and Table : In the Original Article titled “Depression and Anxiety as Predictors of 2-Year Cardiac Events in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease” published in the January 2008 issue of JAMA Psychiatry (then Archives of General Psychiatry) (2008;65[1]:62-71), incorrect unadjusted data appeared in the abstract and Table 3. The data that appeared in the abstract should have been as follows: “Of the 804 patients, 57 (7.1%) met the criteria for MDD [major depressive disorder] and 43 (5.3%) for GAD [generalized anxiety disorder] (11 [1.4%] had comorbidity); 220 (27.4%) had elevated BDI-II [Beck Depression Inventory II] scores (ⱖ14), and 333 (41.4%) had elevated HADS-A [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale] scores (ⱖ8), with 21.1% overlap. Major depressive disorder (odds ratio [OR], 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.73), GAD (OR, 2.47;
jamapsychiatry.com
95% CI, 1.23-4.97), elevated BDI-II (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.20-2.73), elevated HADS-A score (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.12-2.47), and continuous standardized scores on the BDI-II (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05-1.62) and the HADS-A (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.19-1.73) all predicted MACEs [major adverse cardiac events].” These ORs and 95% CIs should have also appeared in Table 3. Also, the covariate-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs in Table 3 should have been as follows: current MDD (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.18-4.63; P = .02); elevateddepressionsymptoms(BDI-IIscoreⱖ14)(OR,1.63;95%CI,1.05-2.54;P = .03); continuous BDI-II score (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.95-1.49; P = .14); GAD (OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.14-5.30; P = .02); elevated anxiety symptoms (HADS-A score ⱖ8) (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.00-2.38; P = .05); and continuous HADS-A score (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.14-1.75; P = .001). This article was corrected online. Information Omitted From Analyses: In the Original Article titled “HigherOrder Genetic and Environmental Structure of Prevalent Forms of Child and Adolescent Psychpathology” published in the February 2011 issue of JAMA Psychiatry (then Archives of General Psychiatry) (2011;68[2]:181-189), there were 2 errors. Although the article stated that the dimensions of psychopathology were measured using parent informants for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant disorder, and a combination of parent and youth informants for conduct disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia, and obsessivecompulsive disorder, all dimensional scores used in the reported analyses were actually based on parent reports of symptoms; youth reports were not used. In addition, whereas the article stated that each symptom dimension was residualized on age, sex, age-squared, and age by sex, the dimensions actually were only residualized on age, sex, and age-squared. All analyses were repeated using parent informants for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant disorder, and a combination of parent and youth informants for conduct disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder; these dimensional scores were residualized on age, age-squared, sex, sex by age, and sex by age-squared. The results of the new analyses were qualitatively the same as those reported in the article, with no substantial changes in conclusions. The only notable small difference was that major depression and generalized anxiety disorder dimensions had small but significant loadings on the internalizing factor in addition to their substantial loadings on the general factor in the analyses of both genetic and nonshared covariances in the selected models in the new analyses. Corrections were made to the tables and figures to reflect these changes. This article was corrected online.
(Reprinted) JAMA Psychiatry August 2015 Volume 72, Number 8
Copyright 2015 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Downloaded From: http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/ by a Central Michigan University User on 09/24/2015
851
