RESEARCH ARTICLE

Impact of Malaria Control on Mortality and Anemia among Tanzanian Children Less than Five Years of Age, 1999–2010 Paul Smithson1*, Lia Florey2, S. Rene Salgado3, Christine L. Hershey3, Honorati Masanja1, Achuyt Bhattarai4, Alex Mwita5, Peter D. McElroy4, Tanzania Malaria Impact Evaluation Research Group¶

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1 Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, 2 ICF International, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America, 3 United States Agency for International Development, U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, Washington, DC, United States of America, 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 5 National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania ¶ Membership of the Tanzania Malaria Impact Evaluation Research Group is provided in the Acknowledgments. * [email protected]

OPEN ACCESS Citation: Smithson P, Florey L, Salgado SR, Hershey CL, Masanja H, Bhattarai A, et al. (2015) Impact of Malaria Control on Mortality and Anemia among Tanzanian Children Less than Five Years of Age, 1999–2010. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0141112. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141112 Editor: Luzia Helena Carvalho, Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FiocruzMinas), BRAZIL

Abstract Background Mainland Tanzania scaled up multiple malaria control interventions between 1999 and 2010. We evaluated whether, and to what extent, reductions in all-cause under-five child mortality (U5CM) tracked with malaria control intensification during this period.

Received: January 23, 2015

Methods

Accepted: October 5, 2015

Four nationally representative household surveys permitted trend analysis for malaria intervention coverage, severe anemia (hemoglobin

Impact of Malaria Control on Mortality and Anemia among Tanzanian Children Less than Five Years of Age, 1999-2010.

Mainland Tanzania scaled up multiple malaria control interventions between 1999 and 2010. We evaluated whether, and to what extent, reductions in all-...
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