High-efficiency CW all-fiber parametric oscillator tunable in 0.92-1 μm range Ekaterina A. Zlobina,1,* Sergey I. Kablukov,1 and Sergey A. Babin 1,2 1
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Ac. Koptyug ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia * [email protected]
Abstract: Continuous tuning over 80 nm is demonstrated for the antiStokes wave generated in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on a birefringent photonic crystal fiber pumped by a CW Ytterbium-doped fiber laser tuned around 1.05 μm (within 4 nm only). An influence of the pump laser linewidth and polarization state on the fiber OPO threshold and efficiency is studied. Slope efficiency of parametric generation at 931 nm reaches 19% for ~0.1 nm linearly polarized pump with threshold power of ~5W. At that, the generated linewidth amounts to about 1 nm. ©2015 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (060.2320) Fiber optics amplifiers and oscillators; (060.5295) Photonic crystal fibers; (140.3510) Lasers, fiber; (190.4380) Nonlinear optics, four-wave mixing.
References and links 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
C. W. Freudiger, W. Min, B. G. Saar, S. Lu, G. R. Holtom, C. He, J. C. Tsai, J. X. Kang, and X. S. Xie, “Labelfree biomedical imaging with high sensitivity by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy,” Science 322(5909), 1857–1861 (2008). C. Xu and F. W. Wise, “Recent advances in fibre lasers for nonlinear microscopy,” Nat. Photonics 7(11), 875– 882 (2013). T. Gottschall, T. Meyer, M. Baumgartl, B. Dietzek, J. Popp, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Fiber-based optical parametric oscillator for high resolution coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy,” Opt. Express 22(18), 21921–21928 (2014). D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991). C. R. Hu, M. N. Slipchenko, P. Wang, P. Wang, J. D. Lin, G. Simpson, B. Hu, and J. X. Cheng, “Stimulated Raman scattering imaging by continuous-wave laser excitation,” Opt. Lett. 38(9), 1479–1481 (2013). Y. Q. Xu, S. G. Murdoch, R. Leonhardt, and J. D. Harvey, “Raman-assisted continuous-wave tunable all-fiber optical parametric oscillator,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26(7), 1351–1356 (2009). R. Malik and M. E. Marhic, “Tunable Continuous-Wave Fiber Optical Parametric Oscillator with 1-W Output Power”, in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2010), paper JWA18. E. A. Zlobina, S. I. Kablukov, and S. A. Babin, “Tunable CW all-fiber optical parametric oscillator operating below 1 μm,” Opt. Express 21(6), 6777–6782 (2013). M. E. Marhic, Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices (Cambridge University, 2008). R. H. Stolen and J. E. Bjorkholm, “Parametric amplification and frequency conversion in optical fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(7), 1062–1072 (1982). E. A. Zlobina, S. I. Kablukov, and S. A. Babin, “Phase matching for parametric generation in polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber pumped by tunable Yb-doped fiber laser,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29(8), 1959– 1967 (2012). C. J. S. de Matos, J. R. Taylor, and K. P. Hansen, “Continuous-wave, totally fiber integrated optical parametric oscillator using holey fiber,” Opt. Lett. 29(9), 983–985 (2004). Z. Luo, W.-D. Zhong, M. Tang, Z. Cai, C. Ye, and X. Xiao, “Fiber-optic parametric amplifier and oscillator based on intracavity parametric pump technique,” Opt. Lett. 34(2), 214–216 (2009). S. I. Kablukov, E. A. Zlobina, E. V. Podivilov, and S. A. Babin, “Output spectrum of Yb-doped fiber lasers,” Opt. Lett. 37(13), 2508–2510 (2012). G. P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 3rd ed. (Academic, 2001). F. Yaman, Q. Lin, and G. P. Agrawal, “Fiber-optic parametric amplifiers for lightwave systems,” in Guided Wave Optical Components and Devices, B. P. Pal, ed. (Academic, 2005), Chap. 7. J. K. Jang and S. G. Murdoch, “Strong Brillouin suppression in a passive fiber ring resonator,” Opt. Lett. 37(7), 1256–1258 (2012).
#225615 - $15.00 USD © 2015 OSA
Received 27 Oct 2014; revised 4 Dec 2014; accepted 10 Dec 2014; published 13 Jan 2015 26 Jan 2015 | Vol. 23, No. 2 | DOI:10.1364/OE.23.000833 | OPTICS EXPRESS 833
18. M. E. Marhic, K. K.-Y. Wong, L. G. Kazovsky, and T.-E. Tsai, “Continuous-wave fiber optical parametric oscillator,” Opt. Lett. 27(16), 1439–1441 (2002). 19. G. K. P. Lei, L. T. Lim, and M. E. Marhic, “Continuous-wave fiber optical parametric oscillator with sub-MHz linewidth,” Opt. Commun. 306, 17–20 (2013).
1. Introduction Fiber optical parametric oscillators (FOPOs) based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) enable high-efficiency generation of tunable radiation with large frequency shifts. Such laser sources are very attractive for applications in nonlinear microscopy [1]. Recent advances in pulsed fiber lasers lead to development of versatile tools for real-time label-free imaging of living tissues [2]. For example, high-efficiency FOPO for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy has been demonstrated recently [3]. At the same time tunable CW FOPOs can be potentially applied in optical coherence tomography [4] and coherent Raman scattering microscopy [5]. However, their output parameters are usually not sufficient: anti-Stokes powers are
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Ac. Koptyug ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia * [email protected]
Abstract: Continuous tuning over 80 nm is demonstrated for the antiStokes wave generated in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on a birefringent photonic crystal fiber pumped by a CW Ytterbium-doped fiber laser tuned around 1.05 μm (within 4 nm only). An influence of the pump laser linewidth and polarization state on the fiber OPO threshold and efficiency is studied. Slope efficiency of parametric generation at 931 nm reaches 19% for ~0.1 nm linearly polarized pump with threshold power of ~5W. At that, the generated linewidth amounts to about 1 nm. ©2015 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (060.2320) Fiber optics amplifiers and oscillators; (060.5295) Photonic crystal fibers; (140.3510) Lasers, fiber; (190.4380) Nonlinear optics, four-wave mixing.
References and links 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
C. W. Freudiger, W. Min, B. G. Saar, S. Lu, G. R. Holtom, C. He, J. C. Tsai, J. X. Kang, and X. S. Xie, “Labelfree biomedical imaging with high sensitivity by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy,” Science 322(5909), 1857–1861 (2008). C. Xu and F. W. Wise, “Recent advances in fibre lasers for nonlinear microscopy,” Nat. Photonics 7(11), 875– 882 (2013). T. Gottschall, T. Meyer, M. Baumgartl, B. Dietzek, J. Popp, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Fiber-based optical parametric oscillator for high resolution coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy,” Opt. Express 22(18), 21921–21928 (2014). D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991). C. R. Hu, M. N. Slipchenko, P. Wang, P. Wang, J. D. Lin, G. Simpson, B. Hu, and J. X. Cheng, “Stimulated Raman scattering imaging by continuous-wave laser excitation,” Opt. Lett. 38(9), 1479–1481 (2013). Y. Q. Xu, S. G. Murdoch, R. Leonhardt, and J. D. Harvey, “Raman-assisted continuous-wave tunable all-fiber optical parametric oscillator,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26(7), 1351–1356 (2009). R. Malik and M. E. Marhic, “Tunable Continuous-Wave Fiber Optical Parametric Oscillator with 1-W Output Power”, in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2010), paper JWA18. E. A. Zlobina, S. I. Kablukov, and S. A. Babin, “Tunable CW all-fiber optical parametric oscillator operating below 1 μm,” Opt. Express 21(6), 6777–6782 (2013). M. E. Marhic, Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices (Cambridge University, 2008). R. H. Stolen and J. E. Bjorkholm, “Parametric amplification and frequency conversion in optical fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(7), 1062–1072 (1982). E. A. Zlobina, S. I. Kablukov, and S. A. Babin, “Phase matching for parametric generation in polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber pumped by tunable Yb-doped fiber laser,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29(8), 1959– 1967 (2012). C. J. S. de Matos, J. R. Taylor, and K. P. Hansen, “Continuous-wave, totally fiber integrated optical parametric oscillator using holey fiber,” Opt. Lett. 29(9), 983–985 (2004). Z. Luo, W.-D. Zhong, M. Tang, Z. Cai, C. Ye, and X. Xiao, “Fiber-optic parametric amplifier and oscillator based on intracavity parametric pump technique,” Opt. Lett. 34(2), 214–216 (2009). S. I. Kablukov, E. A. Zlobina, E. V. Podivilov, and S. A. Babin, “Output spectrum of Yb-doped fiber lasers,” Opt. Lett. 37(13), 2508–2510 (2012). G. P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 3rd ed. (Academic, 2001). F. Yaman, Q. Lin, and G. P. Agrawal, “Fiber-optic parametric amplifiers for lightwave systems,” in Guided Wave Optical Components and Devices, B. P. Pal, ed. (Academic, 2005), Chap. 7. J. K. Jang and S. G. Murdoch, “Strong Brillouin suppression in a passive fiber ring resonator,” Opt. Lett. 37(7), 1256–1258 (2012).
#225615 - $15.00 USD © 2015 OSA
Received 27 Oct 2014; revised 4 Dec 2014; accepted 10 Dec 2014; published 13 Jan 2015 26 Jan 2015 | Vol. 23, No. 2 | DOI:10.1364/OE.23.000833 | OPTICS EXPRESS 833
18. M. E. Marhic, K. K.-Y. Wong, L. G. Kazovsky, and T.-E. Tsai, “Continuous-wave fiber optical parametric oscillator,” Opt. Lett. 27(16), 1439–1441 (2002). 19. G. K. P. Lei, L. T. Lim, and M. E. Marhic, “Continuous-wave fiber optical parametric oscillator with sub-MHz linewidth,” Opt. Commun. 306, 17–20 (2013).
1. Introduction Fiber optical parametric oscillators (FOPOs) based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) enable high-efficiency generation of tunable radiation with large frequency shifts. Such laser sources are very attractive for applications in nonlinear microscopy [1]. Recent advances in pulsed fiber lasers lead to development of versatile tools for real-time label-free imaging of living tissues [2]. For example, high-efficiency FOPO for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy has been demonstrated recently [3]. At the same time tunable CW FOPOs can be potentially applied in optical coherence tomography [4] and coherent Raman scattering microscopy [5]. However, their output parameters are usually not sufficient: anti-Stokes powers are
