Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2016, 62, 3–9 doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmv061 Advance Access Publication Date: 27 September 2015 Original Paper
by Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim,1 Ngozi Ibeziako,1 Ifeoma Emodi,2 Anthony Ikefuna,2 and Tagbo Oguonu2 1
Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla Enugu, 402139, Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 2 Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 400241, Nigeria Correspondence: Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim, Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla Enugu, Nigeria. Tel: þ2348067103112. E-mail:
ABSTRACT Background: The mother-to-child transmission of HIV, which accounts for 90% of infections in children, has been reduced markedly through the use of antiretroviral drugs by pregnant women and their newborns. Changes to the World Health Organization guidelines support further extension of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs with increased risk of toxicity on the fetuses. Aim: To determine the hematological indices at birth of infants exposed in utero to maternal antiretroviral drugs. Method: A comparative analytical study of 126 neonates whose blood samples were analyzed to determine their hematological indices. Result: The hemoglobin, hematocrit, the total white blood cell (WBC) count and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) were significantly lower in infants of HIV-positive mothers. The total WBC and ANC were also significantly lower in the highly active antiretroviral therapy. HAART group and those exposed to maternal drugs for
by Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim,1 Ngozi Ibeziako,1 Ifeoma Emodi,2 Anthony Ikefuna,2 and Tagbo Oguonu2 1
Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla Enugu, 402139, Nigeria, Enugu Campus, 2 Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 400241, Nigeria Correspondence: Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim, Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla Enugu, Nigeria. Tel: þ2348067103112. E-mail:
ABSTRACT Background: The mother-to-child transmission of HIV, which accounts for 90% of infections in children, has been reduced markedly through the use of antiretroviral drugs by pregnant women and their newborns. Changes to the World Health Organization guidelines support further extension of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs with increased risk of toxicity on the fetuses. Aim: To determine the hematological indices at birth of infants exposed in utero to maternal antiretroviral drugs. Method: A comparative analytical study of 126 neonates whose blood samples were analyzed to determine their hematological indices. Result: The hemoglobin, hematocrit, the total white blood cell (WBC) count and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) were significantly lower in infants of HIV-positive mothers. The total WBC and ANC were also significantly lower in the highly active antiretroviral therapy. HAART group and those exposed to maternal drugs for
