J Mol Neurosci (2015) 55:62–68 DOI 10.1007/s12031-014-0413-5
Expression of TRAP1 Predicts Poor Survival of Malignant Glioma Patients Shuai Li & Qingjie Lv & Hanxue Sun & Yixue Xue & Ping Wang & Libo Liu & Zhiqing Li & Zhen Li & Xin Tian & Yun-Hui Liu
Received: 3 July 2014 / Accepted: 21 August 2014 / Published online: 5 September 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract TRAP1/Hsp75 (tumor necrosis factor receptorassociated protein 1), a paralogue of the Hsp90 family, has been recently described as a molecular marker and novel therapeutic target in local and metastatic prostate cancer. It has been proved to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis in various human malignancies. In our study, the protein expression level of TRAP1 in 236 cases of glioma is investigated by immunohistochemistry assay. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of TRAP1 with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. It was proved that TRAP1 protein expression was increased in glioma compared with that in normal brain tissue. Moreover, TRAP1 immunohistochemical staining was correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade and Karnofsky performance score (KPS). Strong positive TRAP1 staining is more frequently detected in glioma of advanced grade or low KPS. It is also demonstrated that TRAP1 could be an independent negative prognostic factor in glioma, for patients with glioma of strong TRAP1 staining tend to have high risk of death. These results proved that TRAP1 is associated with prognosis of glioma, which may also suggest the potential role of TRAP1 in glioma management. S. Li : Z. Li : Y.90 %) and the staining intensity (I) (0, negative; 1, weak-positive; 2, moderate-positive; 3, strong-positive). Based on the value of ΣPI, the stained sections were defined as low expression [0 (−) to 1 (+)] or high expression [2 (++) to 3 (+++)]. Statistical Analyses Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Associations between TRAP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriate. Survival data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results Western Blot Detection of TRAP1 Expression To confirm the role of TRAP1 in gliomas, we detected the levels of TRAP1 expression in 28 glioma tissues by Western blot (Fig. 1b). Our results show that TRAP1 is recognized at 76 kDa, and the expression levels of TRAP1 in high-grade
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J Mol Neurosci (2015) 55:62–68
Fig. 1 The expression level of TRAP1 was associated with grade of gliomas. a Immunohistochemistry staining pattern of TRAP1 in glioma (×400). b Expression of TRAP1 was detected by Western blot in low-
grade glioma tissues and high-grade glioma tissues. 1–8: tissues from different patients. c Western blot statistical analysis results showed lowgrade gliomas vs. high-grade gliomas, P
Expression of TRAP1 Predicts Poor Survival of Malignant Glioma Patients Shuai Li & Qingjie Lv & Hanxue Sun & Yixue Xue & Ping Wang & Libo Liu & Zhiqing Li & Zhen Li & Xin Tian & Yun-Hui Liu
Received: 3 July 2014 / Accepted: 21 August 2014 / Published online: 5 September 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract TRAP1/Hsp75 (tumor necrosis factor receptorassociated protein 1), a paralogue of the Hsp90 family, has been recently described as a molecular marker and novel therapeutic target in local and metastatic prostate cancer. It has been proved to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis in various human malignancies. In our study, the protein expression level of TRAP1 in 236 cases of glioma is investigated by immunohistochemistry assay. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of TRAP1 with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. It was proved that TRAP1 protein expression was increased in glioma compared with that in normal brain tissue. Moreover, TRAP1 immunohistochemical staining was correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade and Karnofsky performance score (KPS). Strong positive TRAP1 staining is more frequently detected in glioma of advanced grade or low KPS. It is also demonstrated that TRAP1 could be an independent negative prognostic factor in glioma, for patients with glioma of strong TRAP1 staining tend to have high risk of death. These results proved that TRAP1 is associated with prognosis of glioma, which may also suggest the potential role of TRAP1 in glioma management. S. Li : Z. Li : Y.90 %) and the staining intensity (I) (0, negative; 1, weak-positive; 2, moderate-positive; 3, strong-positive). Based on the value of ΣPI, the stained sections were defined as low expression [0 (−) to 1 (+)] or high expression [2 (++) to 3 (+++)]. Statistical Analyses Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Associations between TRAP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriate. Survival data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results Western Blot Detection of TRAP1 Expression To confirm the role of TRAP1 in gliomas, we detected the levels of TRAP1 expression in 28 glioma tissues by Western blot (Fig. 1b). Our results show that TRAP1 is recognized at 76 kDa, and the expression levels of TRAP1 in high-grade
64
J Mol Neurosci (2015) 55:62–68
Fig. 1 The expression level of TRAP1 was associated with grade of gliomas. a Immunohistochemistry staining pattern of TRAP1 in glioma (×400). b Expression of TRAP1 was detected by Western blot in low-
grade glioma tissues and high-grade glioma tissues. 1–8: tissues from different patients. c Western blot statistical analysis results showed lowgrade gliomas vs. high-grade gliomas, P
