Open Access Original Article
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of children with Turner syndrome Weibin Qi1, Shuxian Li2, Qiong Shen3, Xiuxia Guo4, Huijuan Rong5 ABSTRACT Objective: To study the effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of Turner syndrome (TS). Methods: Total 45 patients with TS admitted between Jul. 2008 and Jun. 2011 were involved in this study. All patients received the clinical evaluation of body fat, plasma lipids, proteins and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after rhGH therapy. Results: Our results indicated a significant decrease of body fat (FAT%) from 23.56±4.21 to 18.71±2.23 but no obvious change on the level of fat mass (FM) (p > 0.05) was observed after rhGH therapy. We also detected significant changes on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) from (1.65±0.58 mmol/L) to (2.20±0.65 mmol/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDH-C) from (2.55±0.55 mmol/L) to (2.10±0.54 mmol/L) after rhGH exposure. However, no statistical significance was detected on the level of plasma triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO). Interestingly, the levels of plasma retinol binding protein (RbP) (32.55±4.28mg/L), transferrin (TRF) (2.95±0.40 mg/L), serum albumin (PRE) (250.00±45.50 mg/L) and albumin (propagated) (33.58±4.25 mg/L) were significantly increased. When it goes to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test, there were 10 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) cases among all patients before and after rhGH therapy. No significant change was observed on homeostasis model assessment- insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level during rhGH intervention. Conclusion: Abnormal lipid and protein metabolisms of the children with TS can be improved with rhGH therapy for 6 months. KEY WORDS: Growth hormone, Turner syndrome, Carbohydrate metabolism, Lipid metabolism, Protein metabolism. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.304.4546
How to cite this:
Qi W, Li S, Shen Q, Guo X, Rong H. Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of children with Turner syndrome. Pak J Med Sci 2014;30(4):731-734. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.304.4546 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Weibin Qi, Department of Neonatology, 2. Shuxian Li, President’s Office, 3. Qiong Shen, Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hebei Armed Police Corps Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050081, China. 4. Xiuxia Guo, Department of Neonatology, 5. Huijuan Rong, Department of Nursing, 1,2,4,5: The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China.
Correspondence: Weibin Qi, E-mail: [email protected]
* * *
Received for Publication:
October 29, 2013
Revision Received:
March 18, 2014
Revision Accepted:
March 20, 2014
INTRODUCTION Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized with abnormal chromosome type in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent or has other abnormalities.1 It is one of the most common genetic disorders, affecting approximately one in every 2,000 live-born females.2,3 Girls with TS typically experience gonadal dysfunction and short stature. And the affected individuals suffer from abnormal metabolisms of carbohydrate, lipid and protein as well. As a result, individuals with TS might develop type II diabetes four times higher than normal
Pak J Med Sci 2014 Vol. 30 No. 4
www.pjms.com.pk 731
Weibin Qi et al.
counterparts and be two times higher to develop type I diabetes.4,5 On the other hand, metabolic disorders are the leading cause of insulin resistance (IR), which in turn increase the risk of morbidity and disability.6 Recently, in order to minimize the symptoms, the treatment of TS is mainly focused on the recombinant human growth hormone (rhGF) therapy, which was reported to play important roles in carbohydrate accumulation, lipid decline and facilitating protein synthesis. In our study, we compared the differences of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms with or without rhGH therapy to reveal the clinical clue of the hormone replacement therapy. METHODS Subjects: A total of 45 girls karyotype-proven TS in the department of pediatrics of the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang City were included in this study. Patients aged from 8 to 15 years (9.25±2.85yr) (bone age 8.75±3.25yr) were (2.50±0.58yr) fall behind the actual age. Patients weighted from 21 to 35 kg (28.12±7.85 kg) and heighted from 106 to 141 cm (124.15±18.50 cm). Clinical criteria for inclusion was as follows: a. short stature and failure to develop properly (
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of children with Turner syndrome Weibin Qi1, Shuxian Li2, Qiong Shen3, Xiuxia Guo4, Huijuan Rong5 ABSTRACT Objective: To study the effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of Turner syndrome (TS). Methods: Total 45 patients with TS admitted between Jul. 2008 and Jun. 2011 were involved in this study. All patients received the clinical evaluation of body fat, plasma lipids, proteins and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after rhGH therapy. Results: Our results indicated a significant decrease of body fat (FAT%) from 23.56±4.21 to 18.71±2.23 but no obvious change on the level of fat mass (FM) (p > 0.05) was observed after rhGH therapy. We also detected significant changes on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) from (1.65±0.58 mmol/L) to (2.20±0.65 mmol/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDH-C) from (2.55±0.55 mmol/L) to (2.10±0.54 mmol/L) after rhGH exposure. However, no statistical significance was detected on the level of plasma triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO). Interestingly, the levels of plasma retinol binding protein (RbP) (32.55±4.28mg/L), transferrin (TRF) (2.95±0.40 mg/L), serum albumin (PRE) (250.00±45.50 mg/L) and albumin (propagated) (33.58±4.25 mg/L) were significantly increased. When it goes to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test, there were 10 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) cases among all patients before and after rhGH therapy. No significant change was observed on homeostasis model assessment- insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level during rhGH intervention. Conclusion: Abnormal lipid and protein metabolisms of the children with TS can be improved with rhGH therapy for 6 months. KEY WORDS: Growth hormone, Turner syndrome, Carbohydrate metabolism, Lipid metabolism, Protein metabolism. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.304.4546
How to cite this:
Qi W, Li S, Shen Q, Guo X, Rong H. Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms of children with Turner syndrome. Pak J Med Sci 2014;30(4):731-734. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.304.4546 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Weibin Qi, Department of Neonatology, 2. Shuxian Li, President’s Office, 3. Qiong Shen, Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hebei Armed Police Corps Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050081, China. 4. Xiuxia Guo, Department of Neonatology, 5. Huijuan Rong, Department of Nursing, 1,2,4,5: The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China.
Correspondence: Weibin Qi, E-mail: [email protected]
* * *
Received for Publication:
October 29, 2013
Revision Received:
March 18, 2014
Revision Accepted:
March 20, 2014
INTRODUCTION Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized with abnormal chromosome type in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent or has other abnormalities.1 It is one of the most common genetic disorders, affecting approximately one in every 2,000 live-born females.2,3 Girls with TS typically experience gonadal dysfunction and short stature. And the affected individuals suffer from abnormal metabolisms of carbohydrate, lipid and protein as well. As a result, individuals with TS might develop type II diabetes four times higher than normal
Pak J Med Sci 2014 Vol. 30 No. 4
www.pjms.com.pk 731
Weibin Qi et al.
counterparts and be two times higher to develop type I diabetes.4,5 On the other hand, metabolic disorders are the leading cause of insulin resistance (IR), which in turn increase the risk of morbidity and disability.6 Recently, in order to minimize the symptoms, the treatment of TS is mainly focused on the recombinant human growth hormone (rhGF) therapy, which was reported to play important roles in carbohydrate accumulation, lipid decline and facilitating protein synthesis. In our study, we compared the differences of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms with or without rhGH therapy to reveal the clinical clue of the hormone replacement therapy. METHODS Subjects: A total of 45 girls karyotype-proven TS in the department of pediatrics of the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang City were included in this study. Patients aged from 8 to 15 years (9.25±2.85yr) (bone age 8.75±3.25yr) were (2.50±0.58yr) fall behind the actual age. Patients weighted from 21 to 35 kg (28.12±7.85 kg) and heighted from 106 to 141 cm (124.15±18.50 cm). Clinical criteria for inclusion was as follows: a. short stature and failure to develop properly (
