1318
10. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research, vol 1. The analysis of case-control studies. Lyon: IARC, 1980. 11. Bruzzi P, Green SB, Byar DP, Brinton LA, Schairer C. Estimating the population attributable risk for multiplicative risk factors using case-control data. Am J Epidemiol 1985; 122: 904-14. 12. Benichou J. Methods of adjustment for estimating the attributable risk in case-control studies: a review. Stat Med 1991; 10: 1753-73. 13. Muñoz N, Crespi M, Grassi A, Wang GQ, Shen Q, Li ZC. Precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer in high-risk populations in Iran and China. Lancet 1982; i: 876-79. 14. Chang-Claude JC, Wahrendorf J, Liang QS, et al. An epidemiological
study of precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer among young persons in a high-risk population in Huixian, China. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 2268-74.
15. Li MH, Ji C, Cheng SJ. Occurrence of nitroso compounds in fungi-contaminated foods: a review. Nutr Cancer 1986; 8: 63-69. 16. Lu SH, Chui SX, Yang WX, Nu XN, Guo LP, Li FM. Relevance of N-nitrosamines to oesophageal cancer in China. In: O’Neill IK, Chen J, Bartsch H, eds. Relevance to human cancer of N-nitroso compounds, tobacco smoke and mycotoxins. (IARC Sci Publ no 105.) Lyon: IARC, 1991: 11-17.
17. Yu M. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: epidemiology and dietary factors. In: O’Neill IK, Chen J, Bartsch H, eds. Relevance to human cancer of N-nitroso compounds, tobacco smoke and mycotoxins. (IARC Sci Publ no 105). Lyon: IARC, 1991: 39-47. 18. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit and cancer. I. Epidemiology. Cancer Causes Control 1991; 2: 325-57. 19. Martinez I. Factors associated with cancer of the esophagus, mouth and pharynx in Puerto Rico. J Natl Cancer Inst 1969; 42: 1069-94. 20. Cook-Mozaffari PJ, Azordegan F, Day NE, et al. Oesophageal cancer studies in the Caspian littoral of Iran: results of a case-control study. Br J Cancer 1979; 39: 293-309. 21. Vassallo A, Correa P, de Stefani E, et al. Esophageal cancer in Uruguay: a case control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985; 75: 1005-09. 22. Victora CG, Muñoz N, Day NE, Barcelos LB, Peccin DA, Braga NM. Hot beverages and oesophageal cancer in southern Brazil: a case control study. Int J Cancer 1987; 39: 710-16. 23. Wahrendorf J, Chang-Claude J, Qui SL, et al. Precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer in adolescents in a high-risk population in China. Lancet 1989; ii: 1239-41. 24. Lee HP, Day NE, Shanmugaratnam K. Trends in cancer incidence in Singapore 1968-1982. (IARC Sci Publ no 91). Lyon: IARC, 1988.
Effects of dual-chamber pacing in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Although attempts have been made to treat hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with right ventricular pacing, the usual treatment for those refractory to medical therapy is open heart surgery. To assess in detail the value of non-surgical therapy the effects of acute and long-term dual-chamber pacing were investigated in 13 patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory to medical treatment.
In the first part of the
study, atrioventricular (AV) sequential pacing was found to reduce peak subaortic pressure gradient in 12 of the 13 patients, from 82 (SD 42) to 47 (34) mm Hg (p
10. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research, vol 1. The analysis of case-control studies. Lyon: IARC, 1980. 11. Bruzzi P, Green SB, Byar DP, Brinton LA, Schairer C. Estimating the population attributable risk for multiplicative risk factors using case-control data. Am J Epidemiol 1985; 122: 904-14. 12. Benichou J. Methods of adjustment for estimating the attributable risk in case-control studies: a review. Stat Med 1991; 10: 1753-73. 13. Muñoz N, Crespi M, Grassi A, Wang GQ, Shen Q, Li ZC. Precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer in high-risk populations in Iran and China. Lancet 1982; i: 876-79. 14. Chang-Claude JC, Wahrendorf J, Liang QS, et al. An epidemiological
study of precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer among young persons in a high-risk population in Huixian, China. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 2268-74.
15. Li MH, Ji C, Cheng SJ. Occurrence of nitroso compounds in fungi-contaminated foods: a review. Nutr Cancer 1986; 8: 63-69. 16. Lu SH, Chui SX, Yang WX, Nu XN, Guo LP, Li FM. Relevance of N-nitrosamines to oesophageal cancer in China. In: O’Neill IK, Chen J, Bartsch H, eds. Relevance to human cancer of N-nitroso compounds, tobacco smoke and mycotoxins. (IARC Sci Publ no 105.) Lyon: IARC, 1991: 11-17.
17. Yu M. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: epidemiology and dietary factors. In: O’Neill IK, Chen J, Bartsch H, eds. Relevance to human cancer of N-nitroso compounds, tobacco smoke and mycotoxins. (IARC Sci Publ no 105). Lyon: IARC, 1991: 39-47. 18. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit and cancer. I. Epidemiology. Cancer Causes Control 1991; 2: 325-57. 19. Martinez I. Factors associated with cancer of the esophagus, mouth and pharynx in Puerto Rico. J Natl Cancer Inst 1969; 42: 1069-94. 20. Cook-Mozaffari PJ, Azordegan F, Day NE, et al. Oesophageal cancer studies in the Caspian littoral of Iran: results of a case-control study. Br J Cancer 1979; 39: 293-309. 21. Vassallo A, Correa P, de Stefani E, et al. Esophageal cancer in Uruguay: a case control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985; 75: 1005-09. 22. Victora CG, Muñoz N, Day NE, Barcelos LB, Peccin DA, Braga NM. Hot beverages and oesophageal cancer in southern Brazil: a case control study. Int J Cancer 1987; 39: 710-16. 23. Wahrendorf J, Chang-Claude J, Qui SL, et al. Precursor lesions of oesophageal cancer in adolescents in a high-risk population in China. Lancet 1989; ii: 1239-41. 24. Lee HP, Day NE, Shanmugaratnam K. Trends in cancer incidence in Singapore 1968-1982. (IARC Sci Publ no 91). Lyon: IARC, 1988.
Effects of dual-chamber pacing in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Although attempts have been made to treat hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with right ventricular pacing, the usual treatment for those refractory to medical therapy is open heart surgery. To assess in detail the value of non-surgical therapy the effects of acute and long-term dual-chamber pacing were investigated in 13 patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory to medical treatment.
In the first part of the
study, atrioventricular (AV) sequential pacing was found to reduce peak subaortic pressure gradient in 12 of the 13 patients, from 82 (SD 42) to 47 (34) mm Hg (p
