Environ Sci Pollut Res DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-3513-4
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of added polyacrylamide on changes in water states during the composting of kitchen waste Yu-Qiang Yang & Zhuo-Xian Chen & Xue-Qing Zhang & Li-Fang Hu & Dong-Sheng Shen & Yu-Yang Long
Received: 5 May 2014 / Accepted: 24 August 2014 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract The effects of adding polyacrylamide (PAM), to attempt to delay the loss of capillary water and achieve a better level of organic matter humification, in the composting of kitchen waste were evaluated. Four treatments, with initial moisture content of 60 % were used: 0.1 % PAM added before the start of composting (R1), 0.1 % PAM added when the thermophilic phase of composting became stable (at >50 °C) (R2), 0.1 % PAM added when the moisture content significantly decreased (R3), and no PAM added (R4). The introduction of PAM in R1 and R2 significantly increased the capillary force and delayed the loss of moisture content and capillary water. The introduction of PAM in R2 and R3 improved the composting process, in terms of the degradation of biochemical fractions and the humification degree. These results show that the optimal time for adding PAM was the initial stage of the thermophilic phase. Keywords Humification . Moisture . Disposal . Controllable Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3513-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of added polyacrylamide on changes in water states during the composting of kitchen waste Yu-Qiang Yang & Zhuo-Xian Chen & Xue-Qing Zhang & Li-Fang Hu & Dong-Sheng Shen & Yu-Yang Long
Received: 5 May 2014 / Accepted: 24 August 2014 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract The effects of adding polyacrylamide (PAM), to attempt to delay the loss of capillary water and achieve a better level of organic matter humification, in the composting of kitchen waste were evaluated. Four treatments, with initial moisture content of 60 % were used: 0.1 % PAM added before the start of composting (R1), 0.1 % PAM added when the thermophilic phase of composting became stable (at >50 °C) (R2), 0.1 % PAM added when the moisture content significantly decreased (R3), and no PAM added (R4). The introduction of PAM in R1 and R2 significantly increased the capillary force and delayed the loss of moisture content and capillary water. The introduction of PAM in R2 and R3 improved the composting process, in terms of the degradation of biochemical fractions and the humification degree. These results show that the optimal time for adding PAM was the initial stage of the thermophilic phase. Keywords Humification . Moisture . Disposal . Controllable Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3513-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y.
