Psychopharmacology (1991) 104:470-474 003331589100147Q
Psychopharmacology © Springer-Verlag 1991
Effect on smoking cessation of silver acetate, nicotine and ordinary chewing gum Influence of smoking history E.J. Jensen, E. Schmidt, B. Pedersen, and R. Dahl Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, Noerrebrogade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Received June 21, 1990 / Final version January 3i, 1991
Abstract. In a randomized smoking cessation study 211, 203 and 82 persons were supported with nicotine, silver acetate and ordinary chewing gum, respectively. After 26 weeks there was no overall difference in n u m b e r of abstainers between treatments. Participants were divided into subsets with low and high weighted packyears consumption (WPY) which modifies tobacco consumption by nicotine content. Abstainer rates in the total population controlled for treatment decreased with increasing W P Y (P 12 WPY_< 12 WPY> 12 WPY < 12 PY> 12
40 140 39 132 16 58
Abstainers %
pl
35.0 42.1 74.4 28.0 43.7 32.8
NS 0.0001
p2
0.005
NS
pl is the significance within each treatment group and p2 is the significance in the total population controlled for treatment
Table 4. Pairwise comparison of abstainer rates considering weighted packyears consumption (WPY)
Weighted packyears consumption
Treatment
WPY ~ 12 WPY < 12 WPY> 12 WPY_< 12 WPY > 12 WPY > 18
N
40 39 140 132 40 16 132 58 140 58 140 58 111 43
Abstainers %
P
35.0 74.4 42.1 28.0 74.4 43.7 28.0 32.8 42.1 32.8 42.1 32.8 40.5 23.3
< 0.005 < 0.05 < 0.05 NS NS NS < 0.05
Comparisons of abstainer rates of nicotine, silver acetate and ordinary chewing gum treatment in smokers with different weighted packyears consumption. P is the significance at the 0.05% level. Abstainers are expressed as percentage
the silver acetate group, while it was n o t significant in the o r d i n a r y chewing g u m group. The predictive value for a successful o u t c o m e o f weighted packyears c o n s u m p t i o n was 0.53, and 62% o f the p o p u l a t i o n could be classified correctly with respect to s m o k i n g status after 26 weeks.
Pairwise c o m p a r i s o n s o f abstainer rates between the treatment groups were p e r f o r m e d in each level o f W P Y (Table 4). In participants with low c o n s u m p t i o n abstainer rate was higher in the silver acetate g r o u p c o m p a r e d to the nicotine g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 0 0 5 ) and the o r d i n a r y chewing g u m g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) . In persons with high c o n s u m p t i o n abstainer rate was higher in the nicotine g r o u p c o m p a r e d to the silver acetate g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) , while there was no difference between the nicotine and ordinary chewing g u m groups. Increasing the value o f W P Y used as c u t p o i n t to 18 revealed a superiority o f nicotine chewing g u m c o m p a r e d to o r d i n a r y chewing g u m in smokers with a high W P Y as well ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) . In smokers with low W P Y odds ratio for a successful o u t c o m e o f silver acetate treatment c o m p a r e d to nicotine treatment was 5.4 (2.0-14.2) and c o m p a r e d to treatment with ordinary chewing g u m 3.8 (1.1-12.7). Odds ratio for a successful o u t c o m e in smokers with high c o n s u m p t i o n for persons treated with nicotine chewing g u m c o m p a r e d to smokers treated with silver acetate chewing g u m was 1.9 (1.2-3.1) and c o m p a r e d to participants treated with o r d i n a r y chewing g u m 2.3 (1.1-3.1). Figures in parenthesis represents 95% confidence limits.
Influence of inconveniences during earlier attempts to quit Univariate analyses for the total p o p u l a t i o n showed that high scores on irritability ( P < 0 . 0 1 ) , restlessness ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) and craving for t o b a c c o ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) was asso-
473 ciated to low abstainer rates. High scores on "troubles when socializing" was associated to high abstainer rates (P
Psychopharmacology © Springer-Verlag 1991
Effect on smoking cessation of silver acetate, nicotine and ordinary chewing gum Influence of smoking history E.J. Jensen, E. Schmidt, B. Pedersen, and R. Dahl Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, Noerrebrogade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Received June 21, 1990 / Final version January 3i, 1991
Abstract. In a randomized smoking cessation study 211, 203 and 82 persons were supported with nicotine, silver acetate and ordinary chewing gum, respectively. After 26 weeks there was no overall difference in n u m b e r of abstainers between treatments. Participants were divided into subsets with low and high weighted packyears consumption (WPY) which modifies tobacco consumption by nicotine content. Abstainer rates in the total population controlled for treatment decreased with increasing W P Y (P 12 WPY_< 12 WPY> 12 WPY < 12 PY> 12
40 140 39 132 16 58
Abstainers %
pl
35.0 42.1 74.4 28.0 43.7 32.8
NS 0.0001
p2
0.005
NS
pl is the significance within each treatment group and p2 is the significance in the total population controlled for treatment
Table 4. Pairwise comparison of abstainer rates considering weighted packyears consumption (WPY)
Weighted packyears consumption
Treatment
WPY ~ 12 WPY < 12 WPY> 12 WPY_< 12 WPY > 12 WPY > 18
N
40 39 140 132 40 16 132 58 140 58 140 58 111 43
Abstainers %
P
35.0 74.4 42.1 28.0 74.4 43.7 28.0 32.8 42.1 32.8 42.1 32.8 40.5 23.3
< 0.005 < 0.05 < 0.05 NS NS NS < 0.05
Comparisons of abstainer rates of nicotine, silver acetate and ordinary chewing gum treatment in smokers with different weighted packyears consumption. P is the significance at the 0.05% level. Abstainers are expressed as percentage
the silver acetate group, while it was n o t significant in the o r d i n a r y chewing g u m group. The predictive value for a successful o u t c o m e o f weighted packyears c o n s u m p t i o n was 0.53, and 62% o f the p o p u l a t i o n could be classified correctly with respect to s m o k i n g status after 26 weeks.
Pairwise c o m p a r i s o n s o f abstainer rates between the treatment groups were p e r f o r m e d in each level o f W P Y (Table 4). In participants with low c o n s u m p t i o n abstainer rate was higher in the silver acetate g r o u p c o m p a r e d to the nicotine g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 0 0 5 ) and the o r d i n a r y chewing g u m g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) . In persons with high c o n s u m p t i o n abstainer rate was higher in the nicotine g r o u p c o m p a r e d to the silver acetate g r o u p ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) , while there was no difference between the nicotine and ordinary chewing g u m groups. Increasing the value o f W P Y used as c u t p o i n t to 18 revealed a superiority o f nicotine chewing g u m c o m p a r e d to o r d i n a r y chewing g u m in smokers with a high W P Y as well ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) . In smokers with low W P Y odds ratio for a successful o u t c o m e o f silver acetate treatment c o m p a r e d to nicotine treatment was 5.4 (2.0-14.2) and c o m p a r e d to treatment with ordinary chewing g u m 3.8 (1.1-12.7). Odds ratio for a successful o u t c o m e in smokers with high c o n s u m p t i o n for persons treated with nicotine chewing g u m c o m p a r e d to smokers treated with silver acetate chewing g u m was 1.9 (1.2-3.1) and c o m p a r e d to participants treated with o r d i n a r y chewing g u m 2.3 (1.1-3.1). Figures in parenthesis represents 95% confidence limits.
Influence of inconveniences during earlier attempts to quit Univariate analyses for the total p o p u l a t i o n showed that high scores on irritability ( P < 0 . 0 1 ) , restlessness ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) and craving for t o b a c c o ( P < 0 . 0 5 ) was asso-
473 ciated to low abstainer rates. High scores on "troubles when socializing" was associated to high abstainer rates (P
