Original Paper Received: August 12, 2014 Accepted after revision: January 2, 2015 Published online: March 3, 2015
Ann Nutr Metab 2015;66:117–124 DOI: 10.1159/000373896
Effect of the cumin cyminum L. Intake on Weight Loss, Metabolic Profiles and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Mohsen Taghizadeh a Mohammad Reza Memarzadeh b Zatollah Asemi a Ahmad Esmaillzadeh c, d
a
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Barij Medicinal Plants Research Center, Kashan, c Food Security Research Center, and d Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Key Words Cuminum cyminum L. · Insulin metabolism · Lipid concentrations · Overweight · BMI
Abstract Background: The current study was performed to determine the effects of cumin cyminum L. intake on weight loss and metabolic profiles among overweight subjects. Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 78 overweight subjects (male, n = 18; female, n = 60) aged 18–60 years old. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups to receive: (1) cumin cyminum L. capsule (n = 26); (2) orlistat120 capsule (n = 26) and (3) placebo (n = 26) three times a day for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures and fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results: Consumption of the Cuminum cyminum L. and orlistat120 resulted in a similar significant decrease in weight (–1.1 ± 1.2 and –0.9 ± 1.5 vs. 0.2 ± 1.5 kg, respectively, p = 0.002) and BMI (–0.4 ± 0.5 and –0.4 ± 0.6 vs. 0.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2, respectively, p = 0.003) compared with placebo. In addition, taking Cuminum cyminum L., compared with orlistat and placebo, led to a significant reduction in serum insulin levels (–1.4 ± 4.5 vs. 1.3 ± 3.3 and 0.3 ± 2.2 μIU/ml, respectively, p = 0.02),
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel 0250–6807/15/0663–0117$39.50/0 E-Mail [email protected] www.karger.com/anm
HOMA-B (–5.4 ± 18.9 vs. 5.8 ± 13.3 and 1.0 ± 11.0, respectively, p = 0.02) and a significant rise in QUICKI (0.01 ± 0.01 vs. –0.005 ± 0.01 and –0.004 ± 0.01, respectively, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Taking cumin cyminum L. for eight weeks among overweight subjects had the same effects of orlistat120 on weight and BMI and beneficial effects on insulin metabolism compared with orlistat120 and placebo. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction
Overweight has been defined as accumulated body fat in the body [1]. Overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with more than 2 billion adults being either overweight or obese in 2013 [2]. The overall prevalence of obesity in Iranian adults is 18.5% [3]. This condition affects 12.9 and 26.2% of men and women, respectively [3]. Excessive energy intake, lack of adequate physical activity [4] along with genetic and psychosocial factors might contribute to this epidemic [4]. Overweight is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased quality of life [5]. Zatollah Asemi, PhD Department of Nutrition Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan (Iran) E-Mail asemi_r @ yahoo.com
Downloaded by: Siriraj Medical Library, Mahidol University 202.28.191.34 - 3/6/2015 3:04:25 PM
b
Methods and Materials Participants This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from May 2013 to July 2013 in Kashan, Iran. Overweight (BMI range: 25.2–48.8 kg/m2) subjects aged 18–60 were recruited in the current study. For estimating sample size, we used the standard formula suggested for clinical trials by considering type one error (α) of 0.05 and type two error (β) of 0.20 (power =
118
Ann Nutr Metab 2015;66:117–124 DOI: 10.1159/000373896
80%). Considering body weight as a key variable, we used 5.41 kg as SD and 4.50 kg as the mean difference (d) based on a previous study [13]. Therefore, we needed 23 subjects in each group. Individuals with BMI
Ann Nutr Metab 2015;66:117–124 DOI: 10.1159/000373896
Effect of the cumin cyminum L. Intake on Weight Loss, Metabolic Profiles and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Mohsen Taghizadeh a Mohammad Reza Memarzadeh b Zatollah Asemi a Ahmad Esmaillzadeh c, d
a
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Barij Medicinal Plants Research Center, Kashan, c Food Security Research Center, and d Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Key Words Cuminum cyminum L. · Insulin metabolism · Lipid concentrations · Overweight · BMI
Abstract Background: The current study was performed to determine the effects of cumin cyminum L. intake on weight loss and metabolic profiles among overweight subjects. Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 78 overweight subjects (male, n = 18; female, n = 60) aged 18–60 years old. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups to receive: (1) cumin cyminum L. capsule (n = 26); (2) orlistat120 capsule (n = 26) and (3) placebo (n = 26) three times a day for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures and fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results: Consumption of the Cuminum cyminum L. and orlistat120 resulted in a similar significant decrease in weight (–1.1 ± 1.2 and –0.9 ± 1.5 vs. 0.2 ± 1.5 kg, respectively, p = 0.002) and BMI (–0.4 ± 0.5 and –0.4 ± 0.6 vs. 0.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2, respectively, p = 0.003) compared with placebo. In addition, taking Cuminum cyminum L., compared with orlistat and placebo, led to a significant reduction in serum insulin levels (–1.4 ± 4.5 vs. 1.3 ± 3.3 and 0.3 ± 2.2 μIU/ml, respectively, p = 0.02),
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel 0250–6807/15/0663–0117$39.50/0 E-Mail [email protected] www.karger.com/anm
HOMA-B (–5.4 ± 18.9 vs. 5.8 ± 13.3 and 1.0 ± 11.0, respectively, p = 0.02) and a significant rise in QUICKI (0.01 ± 0.01 vs. –0.005 ± 0.01 and –0.004 ± 0.01, respectively, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Taking cumin cyminum L. for eight weeks among overweight subjects had the same effects of orlistat120 on weight and BMI and beneficial effects on insulin metabolism compared with orlistat120 and placebo. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction
Overweight has been defined as accumulated body fat in the body [1]. Overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with more than 2 billion adults being either overweight or obese in 2013 [2]. The overall prevalence of obesity in Iranian adults is 18.5% [3]. This condition affects 12.9 and 26.2% of men and women, respectively [3]. Excessive energy intake, lack of adequate physical activity [4] along with genetic and psychosocial factors might contribute to this epidemic [4]. Overweight is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased quality of life [5]. Zatollah Asemi, PhD Department of Nutrition Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan (Iran) E-Mail asemi_r @ yahoo.com
Downloaded by: Siriraj Medical Library, Mahidol University 202.28.191.34 - 3/6/2015 3:04:25 PM
b
Methods and Materials Participants This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from May 2013 to July 2013 in Kashan, Iran. Overweight (BMI range: 25.2–48.8 kg/m2) subjects aged 18–60 were recruited in the current study. For estimating sample size, we used the standard formula suggested for clinical trials by considering type one error (α) of 0.05 and type two error (β) of 0.20 (power =
118
Ann Nutr Metab 2015;66:117–124 DOI: 10.1159/000373896
80%). Considering body weight as a key variable, we used 5.41 kg as SD and 4.50 kg as the mean difference (d) based on a previous study [13]. Therefore, we needed 23 subjects in each group. Individuals with BMI
