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Invited Speakers

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Invited Speakers L01: Glaucoma Update Lecture, Sunday 23 November 2014 Dr Richard Wormald MSc FRCS FRCOphth Evidence and Glaucoma: Knowing What We Know Synopsis: As co-ordinating editor of the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group, I am interested in evidence based practice in ophthalmology. My clinical practice is in Glaucoma. This talk will be about evidence in glaucoma practice but not exclusively so. I will use the glaucoma story to illustrate the of evidence in changing our thinking about glaucoma and how we treat it. The story will start with Fred Hollows and Archie Cochrane in (Old) South Wales in the 1960’s and include some of the very latest evidence on interventions for glaucoma and major ongoing randomised controlled trials tackling key clinical uncertainties. Clinical uncertainty should drive the research agenda. Systematic reviews with meta-analysis (where appropriate) provide the scientific and bias controlled mechanism for idenfifying gaps in the evidence base and support consultation processes for research prioritisation as exemplified by the James Lind Alliance. Much can be done to improve clinical research in ophthalmology by increasing awareness of bias, confounding and corruption and demanding only the highest quality evidence on which to base the interventions we offer our patients. Brief Curriculum Vitae: Richard has had a strong interest in prevention of blindness and the amelioration of its effects from the outset of his ophthalmic career having been involved with the International Centre for Eye Health since 1987.

International from 1998–2006 and Fred Hollows (UK) from 2010 until present. He is experienced world leader in evidence based ophthalmology as Coordinating editor of the Cochrane Eyes and Vision group with experience in systematic reviews informing guidelines and policy. He has a special interest in the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of randomised controlled trials. Previously, Richard was council member of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists and now member of the scientific committee and ophthalmic public health group. He has established track record in ophthalmic clinical and population based research with more than 120 published research papers some of which have been influential on major sight loss issues. He has recently joined VISION2020 UK as a trustee. Contact Details: Moorfields Eye Hospital and Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Email: [email protected]

L02: Council Lecture, Sunday 23 November 2014 A/Prof Mark D Daniell MBBS MS FRANZCO FRACS The Clinician-Scientist in Ophthalmology. Is It Absurd in the 21st Century?

He has 25 years experience in epidemiology of eye health both nationally and internationally including experience of commitment to the preservation and analysis of data from the blind and partial sight registers and now CVI data for England and Wales.

Synopsis: Most of the great ideas that change the way medicine is done have come from doctors working with patients in whom the current treatments do not work. Why is it then that today, less and less clinicians work actively in research? I will examine the impediments to a career combining clinical work and research. The reasons usually involve time, money or perceived lack of skills required. In each case, I hope to offer potential solutions to overcome these barriers.

Richard provided his experience and direction as a medical advisory trustee for two major international NGOs for the prevention of blindness – Sight Savers

By using my experiences as an example I will reveal the benefits of having clinicians working on problems their patients suffer from, collaborating with scientists

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

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2 to develop solutions and then taking those ideas back to their patients. It is well recognised that combining teaching and research with clinical responsibilities builds a culture of quality and that leads to better uptake of new knowledge and better outcomes. Quality improvement may be as important as structural change in achieving health reform, and so benefitting the greatest number of patients. I hope to convince you that it is not only possible to get involved but that we should go further; we should use clinical insights to focus the agenda of basic research. Brief Curriculum Vitae: A/Prof Mark Daniell is a senior consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon with a subspeciality interest in corneal disease. He is head of the Corneal service at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (RVEEH), overseeing a team of surgeons performing corneal transplantation for Victoria. He is founding Chair of the ANZ Corneal Society and Medical Director of the Lions Eye Bank. He has a significant research interest in a bioengineered cornea, developing the concepts for this project and being the driving force gathering together the collaboration partners. He has had successful collaborations with Dr David Steele at the Mawson Institute and Dr Sangwan at LVPEI in India working on plasma polymer coated contact lens as a method of transferring limbal stem cells to the patient. He has worked with Dr Abberton at O’Brien Institute and Prof Greg Xiou at Melbourne University on tissue engineering for the eye. He has also collaborated with Prof Craig in Adelaide looking at the Genetics of Diabetic Retinopathy and Professor Kaye at RMH looking at compressive optic neuropathy. He is using the cell culture techniques to investigate innate immunity with Prof Eisen at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. He has supervised several post graduate students in the field of tissue engineering. Mark is a Section Editor and Board Member Clinical Experimental Ophthalmology and reviews for most major ophthalmology journals. He is on the Research committee for the Ophthalmic Research Institute of Australia (ORIA), reviews grants for NHMRC and ORIA. He is on Human Research Ethics Committee for RVEEH. He is involved in teaching Ophthalmology to students, registrars and fellows and has been an examiner for Ophthalmology for over 10 years. He is currently Vice President of RANZCO. Contact Details: Centre for Eye Research Australia Email: [email protected]

L03: Corneal and Cataract Lecture, Sunday 23 November 2014 Terrence P O’Brien MD “Progress in Microbial Keratitis . . . Or Not?” Synopsis: Acute microbial keratitis may be caused by multiple bacterial species, filamentous fungi and yeasts, several important viruses, and less commonly parasites. Clinical evaluation should include assessment of the severity of the disease, construction of a differential diagnosis and identification of probable predisposing factors. Management of acute ulcerative, suppurative keratitis is based on clinical severity. Noninvasive imaging with confocal microscopy and anterior optical coherence tomography can be beneficial for diagnosis and clinical staging. Culture-directed versus empirical therapy is preferred. The choice of initial antibacterial agent(s) for therapy is based on the most commonly encountered bacterial pathogens, prevailing susceptibility data and resistance patterns, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, biocompatibility and safety features. Modification of antimicrobial therapy is based upon clinical response and laboratory susceptibility determination of recovered corneal pathogens. Use of topical corticosteroids remains controversial and should only be initiated after adequate antibacterial therapy with sufficient concentrations and duration to bring organism replication under control. Other measures to counteract stromal keratolysis include systemic tetracyclines (doxycycline or minocycline), n-acetylcysteine 10%, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or matrix metalloprotease inhibitors. The evolving role of collagen corneal cross-linking with application of topical riboflavin and UV light is incompletely determined. Collagen corneal shields or therapeutic bandage soft contact lenses may provide protection and tectonic support with excessive thinning or impending perforation. Tissue bioadhesives may be applied for additional tectonic support. Therapeutic keratoplasty should be considered for rapidly, progressive stromal keratolysis non-responsive to aggressive therapy. Compliance with frequent dosing schedules is imperative for treatment success. Newer methods of drug delivery may allow achievement of a therapeutic index with less frequent dosing, lowered cytotoxicity, better tolerability and improved compliance. In summary, there have been significant advances in the understanding of basic pathophysiology of microbial keratitis over the last 25 years, yet there is still a somewhat primitive knowledge of the microbes and other possible pathogens. There has been relatively

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

Invited Speakers little attention to host factors and risks for developing infection. There have been marked improvements in resolution of noninvasive ocular imaging modalities to aid diagnosis. Although there has been development of some newer antimicrobial agents, few address novel targets to circumvent resistance. Prevention of host tissue destruction is clearly lacking and a mandate for the future. Other future strategies include understanding microbial genomics, elucidating host gene expression during infectious keratitis and utilizing proteomics to target proteins in ocular infections both for diagnosis and therapy. Brief Curriculum Vitae: An internationally recognised expert in refractive surgery, anterior segment and eye infections, Dr Terrence Patrick O’Brien is Professor of Ophthalmology, holder of the Charlotte Breyer Rodgers Distinguished Chair in Ophthalmology and Vice-Chairman of Strategic Planning and Development at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. He has an active clinical and surgical practice in External Diseases and Cornea at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute of the Palm Beaches in Palm Beach, Gardens, Florida, USA and currently serves as Director of the Refractive Eye Surgery service. He is also active in ocular infectious diseases and ocular microbiology serving as Co-Director of the Ocular Microbiology Laboratory at the University of Miami. Terrence graduated summa cum laude from the University of Michigan Medical School and completed residency training at The Wilmer Eye Institute of Johns Hopkins. He then completed a fellowship in cornea and external diseases emphasizing on ocular infectious diseases and corneal surgery at the Cullen Eye Institute of the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. He was selected to return to Wilmer as the Assistant Chief of Service in 1990 and was on the fulltime professorial faculty at Johns Hopkins for the 15 years where he was named the inaugural Tom Clancy Professor of Ophthalmology before moving to the topranked Bascom Palmer Eye Institute in Autumn of 2005. He has written and contributed to numerous published ophthalmology articles and books throughout his career. He is a past member of the Executive Committee of the Refractive Surgery Interest Group of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the Executive Board for the International Society of Refractive Surgery and past President of the Ocular Microbiology & Immunology Group.

3 L04: Paediatric Update Lecture, Monday 24 November 2014 Ken K Nischal MD FRCOphth Neonatal Corneal Opacities – A Paradigm Shift in Classification and Approach Synopsis: Neonatal corneal opacities have for many decades suffered the worst fate of our profession; misdiagnosis. The advent of modern anterior segment imaging techniques has revealed that the developmental anomalies of the cornea and anterior segment, so often relegated to the waste paper basket diagnoses of Peters anomaly and sclerocornea , are much more complex than originally thought. This has led to a novel classification which appears to help with prognsosis and even treatment planning. Moreover by recognizing the fact that infants are a developing neurobilogical system the effects of minimal visual improvement can have profound effects on global developemnt of the infant. This lecture will cover this paragdugm shift in classification and approach. Brief Curriculum Vitae: Ken K Nischal MD, FRCOphth, is Professor of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Director of the UPMC Children’s Eye Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh and Chief of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Motility. He was attending and then head of the department of Ophthalmology, Great Ormond St Hospital for Children, and London, UK from 1999 until 2011. His fellowship training was at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto in 1998. His focus is on evidence based protocol led clinical care with clinical outcome measures as a source of clinical research. His main areas of clinical research are anterior segment developmental anomalies affecting the cornea, lens and trabecular meshwork. He has published widely in pediatric cataract, glaucoma and cornea and also craniofacial anomalies. Contact Details: UPMC Eye Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Email: [email protected]

Contact Details: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute University of Miami School of Medicine Email: [email protected] Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

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4 L05: Sir Norman Gregg Lecture, Monday 24 November 2014 Prof Hugh R Taylor AC MD FRANZCO Diabetes and Eye Health Synopsis: Although the global numbers of people who are blind have shown a very modest increase from 1990 to 2010, the prevalence of blindness in those aged over 50 has been more than halved. This is excellent news, although still much work needs to be done to address cataract and refractive error. However, diabetic eye disease presents an ever-increasing problem. Globally there are over 350 million people with diabetes and that number is predicted to double within 20 years. The provision of the needed annual exams and laser treatment is beyond the capacity of the world’s 205,000 ophthalmologists. The International Council of Ophthalmology is promoting the development of ophthalmologist lead teams to expand the capacity to provide eye care. Within in Australia we too face challenges; only 50% of those with diabetes have had the recommended eye exam and this falls to 20% for Indigenous people with diabetes. We have much work to do to develop the systems needed to address this. It is important to remember that in 1990 we already had the knowledge and technology to prevent 98% of diabetic blindness. We need to apply what we know how to do. Brief Curriculum Vitae: Prof Taylor graduated from the University of Melbourne receiving the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery in 1971, Diploma of Ophthalmology in 1975 and Doctorate of Medicine in 1979. He became a Fellow of the Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists in 1976. He was the Assistant Director of the National Trachoma and Eye Health Program, 1976–77 and went to the Wilmer Institute in 1977 as a Corneal Fellow. He was the Associate Director of the Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology. When he left Johns Hopkins in 1990 he was a professor of Ophthalmology, Epidemiology and International Health. He returned to Australia in 1990 as the Ringland Anderson Professor of Ophthalmology and Chair of the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Melbourne, a WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention of Blindness. He was the founding Director of the Centre for Eye Research Australia from 1996 to 2007. In 2008 he became the Harold Mitchell Chair of Indigenous Eye Health in the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health at the University of Melbourne. His research interests include infectious and corneal causes

of blindness, blindness prevention strategies, and the relationship between medicine, public health and health economics. His current work focuses on Aboriginal eye health and trachoma. His population-based studies of eye health in Australia have defined the eye research agenda and the planning and funding of eye care delivery in Australia, particularly for the Australian Aboriginal community. He has also played a leadership role internationally and as a consultant to the World Health Organization. He is Treasurer and the next President of the International Council of Ophthalmology and former VicePresident of the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. His work has been recognized by 16 international awards including the Howe Medal, the Jackson Lecture, the Lifetime Achievement Award from the AAO and the Helen Keller Prize for Vision Research. In 2001, he was made a Companion in the Order of Australia in recognition of his contributions to the prevention of river blindness, to academia, and to eye health in indigenous communities. Contact Details: Indigenous Eye Health Unit Centre for Health Equity Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Email: [email protected]

L06: Retina Update Lecture, Tuesday 25 November 2014 William F Mieler MD Treatment and Prevention of Endophthalmitis 2014 Synopsis: Endophthalmitis remains one of the most feared complications of intraocular surgery. This presentation will review the incidence of infection following pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal injections, and cataract procedures. Some historical details will be discussed, including the recommendations from the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study (EVS), and whether or not these 25 year old results are still valid and applicable today. Then attention will focus on new developments in the treatment of proven infection, and an update as to current means of therapy will be discussed. A significant number of the improvements have been in the realm of new and more effective antimicrobial therapy, not only in the setting of bacterial infection, though also in trauma-related cases, as well as in indolent and

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

Invited Speakers fungal infections. Also to be discussed will be the role of corticosteroids in the management of infection, and also the potential (negative) impact of systemic diseases on the response to treatment. Then, the presentation will cover prophylaxis against the development of infection, including new forthcoming recommendations in the setting of intravitreal injections. Finally, the ongoing debate regarding intracameral antibiotic prophylaxis in the setting of cataract surgery will be reviewed as well. Brief Curriculum Vitae: Dr Mieler is Professor and Vice-Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL. He also serves as the Residency Program Director, and as the Director of Vitreoretinal Fellowship Training. His specialty areas include diseases and surgery of the retina and vitreous, along with ocular oncology. Dr Mieler received his Doctorate of Medicine degree at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical School (1979). After completion of his Internship at Mercy Hospital Medical Center in San Diego, CA (1980), he completed his three-year ophthalmology residency at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL (1980–83). This was followed by a one-year vitreoretinal fellowship at the Eye Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (1983–84). He then returned to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute where he served as Chief Resident and Clinical Instructor (1984–85). Dr Mieler then completed a second fellowship in Ocular Oncology, at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (1985). In 1985, he joined the full-time faculty at the Medical College of Wisconsin, where he became Professor of Ophthalmology (1992) and was awarded the Jack A and Elaine D Klieger Chair in Ophthalmology (1998). Dr Mieler then joined the faculty at the Baylor College of Medicine, in Houston, TX, as Professor of Ophthalmology (1999–2004). He then accepted the position of Professor and Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, at the University of Chicago (2004– 08), prior to his current position at the University of Illinois at Chicago (2008–present). Dr Mieler has authored or co-authored more than 330 scientific papers, 70 book chapters, and 5 textbooks. He is/has been the Principle Investigator or co-Investigator of more than 50 Scientific Grants and Collaborative Studies. He has served the American Board of Ophthalmology (ABO) as a Board Director (1997–2005), Chairman of the Board (2005), as Associate Executive Director (2006), and as Emeritus Director (2006present). He serves on several committees with the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). Dr

5 Mieler is also the past President of the Macula Society (2003–04), and he recently received the Gass Medal (2013). He has served on the Executive Committees of the Retina Society and the American Society of Retina Specialists (ASRS). In 2011, he was named recipient of the Founders Award by the ASRS. He is a past member of the Pan-American Board of Directors (2001–08), and he currently chairs the Foundation Grants Committee (2006-present). Dr Mieler currently serves on the ARVO Board of Trustees (2010–14), representing the Retina section, and is President-Elect of ARVO (2013– 14). He has served on the Editorial Board of Archives of Ophthalmology, RETINA, and Current Eye Research, and he also serves as a scientific reviewer for 25 additional scientific journals. From the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), he has received the Honor Award (1992), the Lifelong Education for the Ophthalmologist Award (2000), the Senior Honor Award (2001), and the Life Achievement Honor Award (2011). He also has served as a member of the AAO Council (2001–08), and the EyeNet Editorial Advisory Board (2003–07). He continues to serve the AAO as a Media Spokesman (2001–present), as Chair of the Schepens Award Committee (2007–10), and as Chair of the Subspecialty Day Committee (2011–15). Contact Details: Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Email: [email protected]

L07: Ida Mann Lecture, Tuesday 25 November 2014 Prof Minas T Coroneo BSc(Med) MBBS MSc(Syd) MD MS(UNSW) FRACS FRANZCO Paradigm Shifts, Peregrinations and Pixies in Ophthalmology Synopsis: The design dilemma for the eye is that miniaturization, while facilitating defence mechanisms of an organ that by necessity is exposed at a vantage point, results in a tissue scarcity, particularly if surgical intervention is required. Replacing or repairing highly specialized tissue within the constraints of transparency, tissue shape and alignment, tissue border and pressure maintenance, presents special challenges. Many, mostly destructive surgical procedures were developed prior to a deep understanding of underlying pathophysiological principles. For an increasing number of conditions, both reconstructive and destructive procedures co-exist yet there are few guidelines as to

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

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6 the better approach. Since the consequences of these procedures may take many years to become apparent, the elucidation of underlying principles from these approaches may provide guidance. Illustrative examples from clinical, research and biotech development experience as well as from the work of Ida Mann will be described. An unexpected consequence of developing bionic devices has been an appreciation of the sophistication of the tissue being replaced, particularly when the limitations of available biomaterials become evident. Examples of how this has provided insights into ocular disease will be illustrated. Stem cell and biomaterial technologies are starting to impact at a time when cost-effectiveness is under scrutiny. Both efficacy and cost will need to be considered as these interventions are introduced. Lessons learned from the areas of destructive versus reconstructive surgery and the limitations of bionic replacements will be used to illustrate how new procedures and technologies can be developed. Brief Curriculum Vitae: Professor Coroneo’s interest in translational research resulted in the development of trypan blue (VisionBlue) as an ocular dye, glaucoma shunts (CyPass) and next generation intraocular lenses. The pathophysiology of ocular epithelia and the ocular effects of sunlight are long-term interests. He has over 150 publications in peer-reviewed journals and has supervised 21 higher degree candidates. As coordinator of one of the largest ophthalmic outreach programs in Australia, he developed telemedicine systems for this service. He is a co-compiler of Feast Your Eyes: The Eye Health Cookbook (2010). Professor Coroneo has held appointments on local and international advisory groups and was an international consultant for the American Academy of Ophthalmology (External Disease and Cornea). He is Chairman of the Genetic Eye Foundation. The award of the Gold Cross of St Andrew by the Greek Orthodox Church in 2012 recognized his community work. Contact Details: Department of Ophthalmology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Email: [email protected]

L08: Refractive and Cataract Update Lecture, Wednesday 26 November 2014 A/Prof José L Güell MD Cataract and Keratopasty: Clinical-Surgical Implications Synopsis: I will cover the different options when dealing with cataract surgery in front of corneal pathology. What is better, both procedures at the same time, separated, which order? The standardization of modern keratoplasty techniques such as DSAEK and DMEK as well as the potential use of special IOL’s (Toric, “piggy-back”, . . . .) has, again, changed our possible approaches. A review of the current status of this common combination will be reviewed. Brief Curriculum Vitae: A/Prof José L Güell has been the Associate Professor of Ophthalmology at the Autonoma University of Barcelona since 1991. He studied Medicine and Surgery at the Central University of Barcelona (1977–84). His Doctorate Degree about “Lasik, laser assisted in situ Ketatomileusis” was presented with “Cum Laude” on July 99 at the UAB. He performed his Residency Program in Barcelona at the Autonoma University (1986–1989) at the Vall d’Hebró Unit, a clinical fellowship in Cornea and Refractive Surgery at Emory University, Atlanta (1989) he was directing the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Section at the Ophthalmology Department of the Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Autonoma University of Barcelona until 1999. José’s areas of interest are full and partial thickness corneal transplantation (Deep Anterior lamellar keratoplasty and endothelial keratoplasty), complex cataract and anterior segment reconstructive procedures including permanent keratoprothesis surgery (artificial cornea). Also, refractive surgery especially Excimer and femtosecond laser, Iris Claw style phakic IOL (Artisan-Artiflex) and Intracorneal Ring Segments have also been areas of interest. He lectures nationally and internationally on these topics. He has multiple publications in the peer reviewed literature and chapters in ophthalmology texts. Presently, he is an Associate professor of Ophthalmology at the Autonoma University of Barcelona, Scientific Coordinator and Professor of the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Module, ESASO, European School for Advanced. Studies in Ophthalmology, Lugano and Director of Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit at the “Instituto de Microcirugia Ocular de Barcelona” a

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private Center. He is the Secretary of the Private Foundation for Corneal Tissue Obtention.

to the attempted implementation of the recommendations of that review.

Contact Details: Instituto Microcirugia Ocular of Barcelona, Autonoma University of Barcelona, Spain Email: [email protected]

Garry spent six weeks in 1988 at the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front improvised wartime hospital at Orota. He operated on civilians and war trauma victims, and conducted the first skills transfer for Eritrean ophthalmic assistants. This and Fred’s 1986 Eritrean visit highlighted the need for and appropriateness of training nonmedical cataract surgeons in developing countries, the use of ECCE&IOL surgery, and the local production of IOLs. During the ensuing 26 years, much on a fulltime basis, Garry has been involved in eye care project planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation in Africa, Asia and the Pacific. He has more than 90 peer-reviewed publications, most dealing with this work. He was the first Medical Director of The Fred Hollows Foundation in Australia (1998–2000). Later, he held the same position with The Foundation in New Zealand (2005–2010), during which he was instrumental in a rejuvenation of ophthalmic education in Papua New Guinea and the setting up of diploma and masters courses in Fiji, producing eye doctors for the Pacific region.

L09: Hollows Lecture, Wednesday 26 November 2014 Dr Garry Brian FRANZCO Nothing Occurs in Isolation: Accounting for Context and Consequences Synopisis: Many Australian and New Zealand ophthalmologists contribute to eye care in developing countries, where poor eye health and scarce or nonexistent services are the norm. However, beyond this, the civil, political, social, cultural and economic context in which we work is frequently unknown to us, or ignored. In these same domains our every action has consequences, even if we are oblivious of them. Nothing occurs in isolation. This includes our eye care interventions. We have to find an alliance broader than with only those involved in eye health if we are to effect lasting change. A human rights framework may help us achieve this if we use it to plan, implement, evaluate and report our work.

Contact Details: [email protected] 4 Viax Lane, Waipukurau 4200, New Zealand

Brief Curriculum Vitae: Dr Garry Brian graduated from the University of Otago Medical School in 1979. From 1987 to 1991, he worked in the Fred Hollow’s eye department at Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney. In 1987 Garry started regular clinic and surgery visits to the Torres Strait, Far North Queensland. The first of these was with Fred, Sanduk Ruit (Nepal) and Desbelle Ghebregiorgis (Eritrea), and was the experience upon which was based a push for IOL implantation in peripheral facilities and in developing countries. For the last 26 years, Garry has continued to provide this service at least six weeks annually on Thursday Island. In the mid-1990s he was also the sole visiting ophthalmologist for remote indigenous communities in northwest Queensland and on Cape York Peninsula, and at urban Aboriginal Medical Services in Far North Queensland. As a result of this work, the Australian federal government was persuaded to review the delivery of ophthalmic services to rural and remote indigenous communities, with the intention of improving access and quality. Garry was a consultant Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2014; 42 (Suppl 1): 1–7 © 2014 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology © 2014 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

The royal Australian and new zealand college of ophthalmologists, 46th annual scientific congress, 22-26 november 2014.

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