Selenium distribution in blood fractions of New women taking organic or inorganic selenium14 Judy

A Butler,

Christine

D Thomson,

Philip

D Whanger,

ABSTRACT Three groups of 1 1 New Zealand received, for 32 wk, yeast tablets with no added cebo)

or 200

enriched and

ig Se/d

yeast

erythrocyte

filtration major the

in tablets

(SeMet) (RBC)

of plasma

samples from

peak.

as selenate

peaks

In contrast,

collected

taking

the

trial. revealed

most

of the

first

peak

contained

Am

SeMet. KEY

J C/in Nutr

WORDS

Selenium,

selenomethionine,

glutathione

gel

rat study

selenomethionine

of

affect humans Blood

might selenium

mol/L

(

average

=0.87

animal

studies

4). However, nium content strong. lation

the evidence and GSH-Px

selenate, plasma

a positive the

for such activity

correlation

14). The

were

Oregon

found a negative Px in two studies 15).

We

unable State

to establish

University

such

(OSU)

also

found

that

the

ratio

correstud-

a correlation

laboratory

correlation between blood on selenium requirements

selevery

selenium during

in fact,

activity

in the between

with with

found

Studies populations 748

that ‘- 10% the majority

that humans

this difference and animals

in correlations with rats showing

in selenium could contribute

between

GSH-Px

and

(1 8) and rhesus monkeys (19) either no correlation between

in differ-

blood

sele-

showed blood

that sele-

Am J C/in Nutr

(20).

Hb when

organic

Another

factor

and

GSH-Px

fed.

selenium

concentrations In Oregon

Zealand

blood

selenium, that

of New

When

Sephadex

GSH-Px

animal

plasma

G-1 SO#{174}, only

(22). Similar in the OSU

monkeys were in the drinking

supplemented water (19).

slightly

the GSH-Px

before

which

where

and

in diet. 1.54

Zealanders

populations,

population,

selenium

could

activity

a positive was

show

only 10GSH-Px, cor-

noted,

30-

was associated with GSH-Px (6, 7, 21). of selenium in plasma also differs between

humans.

with

GSH-Px

as selenite

blood selenium and GSH-Px, in RBCs was associated with

coeluted with GSH-Px the study conducted

I

of the secoeluted

distribution to the

selenium

was

one

with One peak

subjected

detectable

to gel

selenium-

ofthe GSH-Px peak, plasma was subjected obtained but neither

results were obtained laboratory in which

from rhesus

selenium as selenite or SeMet major selenium peak eluted in the group

given

in plasma from peaks, however,

selenite,

monkeys coeluted

but given with

activity. purpose

of this with

investigation organic

was (SeMet)

to examine or inorganic

the

effects

(selenate)

to

the hemoglobin (Hb) component (16). This result agreed calculations made by a group in West Germany (17). We

hypothesized RBCs from ences nium.

(RBCs) revealed with GSH-Px and

blood

New

ofsupplementation

blood selenium was markedly lower in blood from humans than in that from animals (10). In a subsequent study chromatography of human erythrocytes lenium was associated

with was

of blood

between selenium

relation

The

and GSHpregnancy

of GSH-Px

dietary

by

of selenium.

almost exclusively into the GSHwhereas as much as 60% of the RBC

two major Se peaks were present SeMet. Neither ofthese selenium

(10-

has,

be created

forms

containing peak, which eluted slightly ahead was obtained ( 16). However, when human to gel filtration, two selenium peaks were

between

a correlation between in human blood is not

inorganic

associated

mol/L

and

can

or inorganic

be the concentrations of selenium in the concentrations in Oregonians average

whereas

animals

total activity of the seperoxidase (GSH-Px) (1-

Although some research groups found a positive between human blood selenium and GSH-Px (5-9),

ies by others

(10,

showed

of selenium and enzyme glutathione

that

10) whereas

no correlation 15% of the

correlation

organic

(SeMet),

40% of the selenium The distribution

Introduction Several

revealed

the correlation

filtration

the blood content lenium-containing

with

was found

in

Chromaof the seSeMet but peroxidase

filtration,

or a positive

diets

selenium

most

hemoglobin,

GSH-Px

Gel

199 l;53:748-54. women,

and

supplementing

two

selenate. The percentage of was found to be greater in selenate than ofthose taking

peroxidase,

nium

F Robinson

or selenate was incorporated Px component of RBCs,

selenium

the selenium in plasma from women taking selenate. tography of RBC lysates indicated that the majority lcnium was with hemoglobin (Hb) in women taking was about equally distributed between glutathione

Marion

The

Plasma

bimonthly.

SeMet

with

(GSH-Px) and Hb in women taking selenium associated with GSH-Px RBCs and plasma ofwomen taking

each (pla-

or as selenium-

selenium

were

women

selenium-containing second

either

in a double-blind

women selenium

and

Zealand

l99l;53:748-54.

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/53/3/748/4731884 by Denise Hannibal user on 21 May 2018

From

the Department

ofAgricultural

Chemistry,

Oregon

State Uni-

versity, Corvallis, OR, and the Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 2 Published with the approval ofOregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station as technical paper 9143. 3 Supported by USDA competitive grant 86-CRCR1-2084 and the Medical Research Council of New Zealand. 4 Address reprint requests to PD Whanger, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Weniger Hall, Room 339, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. Received February 26, 1990. Accepted for publication July 5, 1990. Printed

in USA.

© 1991 American

Society

for Clinical

Nutrition

SELENIUM forms

ofselenium

plasma

and

on the distribution

to collect

humans

to be more

of some

of these

data

that

accurately

results

ofselenium

would

in RBCs

enable

assessed.

was

METABOLISM

selenium

and

status

A preliminary

presented

IN RBC

in

report

WOMEN

samples

7 ratio);

749

were

S mL itored

Methods

rate

of 10 mL/h

was collected for GSH-Px

Dunedin

area

ofNew

three took

plain

brewer’s

Se/tablet),

one

daily

that

with

was

taken

with

Inc (Tustin,

CA)

and

participants

were

from

the

ated

test

tubes

from

After

a sample

were

RBCs

plasma,

nonfasted blood

frozen

separately

OSU for analysis after each The women were recruited newspapers of the physical

(on

and

healthy

with The

the 2 d in the evacuintervals.

collection period. by advertisement and

no chronic

disease

study protocol Committee for

Whole

blood,

on

ice,

nature

were

selected

subjects committee was obtained from

after

to

percentage by two

gel-filtration plasma (29) associated ditions

oral

a

enzyme percentage

absorbance

Se.

bovine

to calculate in RBCs.

or RBCs

were

analyzed

were

was

OR)

of the study each 1 50 (NZ) for her

67-C

t-butyl

hydroperoxide was

determined

with GSH-Px was calpurified standards or from human of selenium

our laboratory con636 mol NADPH

GSH-Px

(30)

was

-

used

- min’ . mol Se’. each selenium-containing

by dividing

into the area was multiplied to obtain

by using

the

analysis the

the

amount

sum

of

of selenium

ofvariance

and

the Stu-

correlation

Hewlett-Packard

programming

The

under each peak by the selenium

(3 1 ). Linear

by using

calculator

at

(28).

calculated

procedure

computed

1 : I 20

determined

GSH-Px percentage

RBC

II

(after

procedure

RBCs

nm

of

the percentage ofselenium associated Under our laboratory conditions this

of plasma or RBCs peak per unit tissue.

cients

using of the

at 540

Purified

in plasma

Data

was

of selenium associated methods, by using either

dent-Newman-Keuls

at the University of Otago. each of the subjects before $

(27) content

acids

to that

Autoanalyzer

plasma

oxidized 8437 mol NADPH ofselenium associated with

content in each

in-

by the Oregon State of Human Subjects

in the study. At the completion received an amount equivalent to

mol

selenium

similar

GSH-Px in plasma. Under purified enzyme oxidized

this .

Hb

About

perchioric

of RBCs

chromatograms. Purified was used to calculate the with

and

an Alpchem

and

the areas of the chromatograms times 100 (19). This percentage

purpose

an

The the

nitric

cell by the coupled-enzyme

modifications

as the standard with GSH-Px

the local

and

noted

24).

by fluorimetry.

activity

water)

pH 6.3, (consodium azide) (18,

procedure

18). GSH-Px

deionized

substrate.

peak through

the

was approved the Protection

with

min’

analysis,

dry

with

(

(1:

(2 X 100

to gel filtration,

with using

water

fractions were monbefore acid digestion

content

subjected

(25),

buffer, mol

0.01

previously

fluorimetric

Watkinson

deionized SO columns

The eluted Hb content

digestion

30 #{176}C in a water-jacketed

The culated

explained. Qualified women were given by a physician. Those who were considered

and by a human Written consent enrollment woman

frozen

after

by measuring

selenium-rich

vials.

by air,

off campus),

study were examination

terview. University

in plastic

shipped

with G-l

selenium

samples

OR)

dilution

as the

Diego).

for selenium

and

(26)

1000 X g for 10 mm and plasma

at

were

2 1 (San

at bimonthly

was removed

sup-

of sele-

heparin-treated

women

or

to be SeMet International

to consume

into

Brown

1 sg

daily

form

determined

(Clackamas,

yeast,

and Brazil nuts for samples were collected

vein

each

Selenium distribution in blood fractions of New Zealand women taking organic or inorganic selenium.

Three groups of 11 New Zealand women each received, for 32 wk, yeast tablets with no added selenium (placebo) or 200 micrograms Se/d in tablets either...
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