Selenium distribution in blood fractions of New women taking organic or inorganic selenium14 Judy
A Butler,
Christine
D Thomson,
Philip
D Whanger,
ABSTRACT Three groups of 1 1 New Zealand received, for 32 wk, yeast tablets with no added cebo)
or 200
enriched and
ig Se/d
yeast
erythrocyte
filtration major the
in tablets
(SeMet) (RBC)
of plasma
samples from
peak.
as selenate
peaks
In contrast,
collected
taking
the
trial. revealed
most
of the
first
peak
contained
Am
SeMet. KEY
J C/in Nutr
WORDS
Selenium,
selenomethionine,
glutathione
gel
rat study
selenomethionine
of
affect humans Blood
might selenium
mol/L
(
average
=0.87
animal
studies
4). However, nium content strong. lation
the evidence and GSH-Px
selenate, plasma
a positive the
for such activity
correlation
14). The
were
Oregon
found a negative Px in two studies 15).
We
unable State
to establish
University
such
(OSU)
also
found
that
the
ratio
correstud-
a correlation
laboratory
correlation between blood on selenium requirements
selevery
selenium during
in fact,
activity
in the between
with with
found
Studies populations 748
that ‘- 10% the majority
that humans
this difference and animals
in correlations with rats showing
in selenium could contribute
between
GSH-Px
and
(1 8) and rhesus monkeys (19) either no correlation between
in differ-
blood
sele-
showed blood
that sele-
Am J C/in Nutr
(20).
Hb when
organic
Another
factor
and
GSH-Px
fed.
selenium
concentrations In Oregon
Zealand
blood
selenium, that
of New
When
Sephadex
GSH-Px
animal
plasma
G-1 SO#{174}, only
(22). Similar in the OSU
monkeys were in the drinking
supplemented water (19).
slightly
the GSH-Px
before
which
where
and
in diet. 1.54
Zealanders
populations,
population,
selenium
could
activity
a positive was
show
only 10GSH-Px, cor-
noted,
30-
was associated with GSH-Px (6, 7, 21). of selenium in plasma also differs between
humans.
with
GSH-Px
as selenite
blood selenium and GSH-Px, in RBCs was associated with
coeluted with GSH-Px the study conducted
I
of the secoeluted
distribution to the
selenium
was
one
with One peak
subjected
detectable
to gel
selenium-
ofthe GSH-Px peak, plasma was subjected obtained but neither
results were obtained laboratory in which
from rhesus
selenium as selenite or SeMet major selenium peak eluted in the group
given
in plasma from peaks, however,
selenite,
monkeys coeluted
but given with
activity. purpose
of this with
investigation organic
was (SeMet)
to examine or inorganic
the
effects
(selenate)
to
the hemoglobin (Hb) component (16). This result agreed calculations made by a group in West Germany (17). We
hypothesized RBCs from ences nium.
(RBCs) revealed with GSH-Px and
blood
New
ofsupplementation
blood selenium was markedly lower in blood from humans than in that from animals (10). In a subsequent study chromatography of human erythrocytes lenium was associated
with was
of blood
between selenium
relation
The
and GSHpregnancy
of GSH-Px
dietary
by
of selenium.
almost exclusively into the GSHwhereas as much as 60% of the RBC
two major Se peaks were present SeMet. Neither ofthese selenium
(10-
has,
be created
forms
containing peak, which eluted slightly ahead was obtained ( 16). However, when human to gel filtration, two selenium peaks were
between
a correlation between in human blood is not
inorganic
associated
mol/L
and
can
or inorganic
be the concentrations of selenium in the concentrations in Oregonians average
whereas
animals
total activity of the seperoxidase (GSH-Px) (1-
Although some research groups found a positive between human blood selenium and GSH-Px (5-9),
ies by others
(10,
showed
of selenium and enzyme glutathione
that
10) whereas
no correlation 15% of the
correlation
organic
(SeMet),
40% of the selenium The distribution
Introduction Several
revealed
the correlation
filtration
the blood content lenium-containing
with
was found
in
Chromaof the seSeMet but peroxidase
filtration,
or a positive
diets
selenium
most
hemoglobin,
GSH-Px
Gel
199 l;53:748-54. women,
and
supplementing
two
selenate. The percentage of was found to be greater in selenate than ofthose taking
peroxidase,
nium
F Robinson
or selenate was incorporated Px component of RBCs,
selenium
the selenium in plasma from women taking selenate. tography of RBC lysates indicated that the majority lcnium was with hemoglobin (Hb) in women taking was about equally distributed between glutathione
Marion
The
Plasma
bimonthly.
SeMet
with
(GSH-Px) and Hb in women taking selenium associated with GSH-Px RBCs and plasma ofwomen taking
each (pla-
or as selenium-
selenium
were
women
selenium-containing second
either
in a double-blind
women selenium
and
Zealand
l99l;53:748-54.
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/53/3/748/4731884 by Denise Hannibal user on 21 May 2018
From
the Department
ofAgricultural
Chemistry,
Oregon
State Uni-
versity, Corvallis, OR, and the Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 2 Published with the approval ofOregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station as technical paper 9143. 3 Supported by USDA competitive grant 86-CRCR1-2084 and the Medical Research Council of New Zealand. 4 Address reprint requests to PD Whanger, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Weniger Hall, Room 339, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. Received February 26, 1990. Accepted for publication July 5, 1990. Printed
in USA.
© 1991 American
Society
for Clinical
Nutrition
SELENIUM forms
ofselenium
plasma
and
on the distribution
to collect
humans
to be more
of some
of these
data
that
accurately
results
ofselenium
would
in RBCs
enable
assessed.
was
METABOLISM
selenium
and
status
A preliminary
presented
IN RBC
in
report
WOMEN
samples
7 ratio);
749
were
S mL itored
Methods
rate
of 10 mL/h
was collected for GSH-Px
Dunedin
area
ofNew
three took
plain
brewer’s
Se/tablet),
one
daily
that
with
was
taken
with
Inc (Tustin,
CA)
and
participants
were
from
the
ated
test
tubes
from
After
a sample
were
RBCs
plasma,
nonfasted blood
frozen
separately
OSU for analysis after each The women were recruited newspapers of the physical
(on
and
healthy
with The
the 2 d in the evacuintervals.
collection period. by advertisement and
no chronic
disease
study protocol Committee for
Whole
blood,
on
ice,
nature
were
selected
subjects committee was obtained from
after
to
percentage by two
gel-filtration plasma (29) associated ditions
oral
a
enzyme percentage
absorbance
Se.
bovine
to calculate in RBCs.
or RBCs
were
analyzed
were
was
OR)
of the study each 1 50 (NZ) for her
67-C
t-butyl
hydroperoxide was
determined
with GSH-Px was calpurified standards or from human of selenium
our laboratory con636 mol NADPH
GSH-Px
(30)
was
-
used
- min’ . mol Se’. each selenium-containing
by dividing
into the area was multiplied to obtain
by using
the
analysis the
the
amount
sum
of
of selenium
ofvariance
and
the Stu-
correlation
Hewlett-Packard
programming
The
under each peak by the selenium
(3 1 ). Linear
by using
calculator
at
(28).
calculated
procedure
computed
1 : I 20
determined
GSH-Px percentage
RBC
II
(after
procedure
RBCs
nm
of
the percentage ofselenium associated Under our laboratory conditions this
of plasma or RBCs peak per unit tissue.
cients
using of the
at 540
Purified
in plasma
Data
was
of selenium associated methods, by using either
dent-Newman-Keuls
at the University of Otago. each of the subjects before $
(27) content
acids
to that
Autoanalyzer
plasma
oxidized 8437 mol NADPH ofselenium associated with
content in each
in-
by the Oregon State of Human Subjects
in the study. At the completion received an amount equivalent to
mol
selenium
similar
GSH-Px in plasma. Under purified enzyme oxidized
this .
Hb
About
perchioric
of RBCs
chromatograms. Purified was used to calculate the with
and
an Alpchem
and
the areas of the chromatograms times 100 (19). This percentage
purpose
an
The the
nitric
cell by the coupled-enzyme
modifications
as the standard with GSH-Px
the local
and
noted
24).
by fluorimetry.
activity
water)
pH 6.3, (consodium azide) (18,
procedure
18). GSH-Px
deionized
substrate.
peak through
the
was approved the Protection
with
min’
analysis,
dry
with
(
(1:
(2 X 100
to gel filtration,
with using
water
fractions were monbefore acid digestion
content
subjected
(25),
buffer, mol
0.01
previously
fluorimetric
Watkinson
deionized SO columns
The eluted Hb content
digestion
30 #{176}C in a water-jacketed
The culated
explained. Qualified women were given by a physician. Those who were considered
and by a human Written consent enrollment woman
frozen
after
by measuring
selenium-rich
vials.
by air,
off campus),
study were examination
terview. University
in plastic
shipped
with G-l
selenium
samples
OR)
dilution
as the
Diego).
for selenium
and
(26)
1000 X g for 10 mm and plasma
at
were
2 1 (San
at bimonthly
was removed
sup-
of sele-
heparin-treated
women
or
to be SeMet International
to consume
into
Brown
1 sg
daily
form
determined
(Clackamas,
yeast,
and Brazil nuts for samples were collected
vein
each