Resarch Case Report/Case Series

Alopecia Universalis Treated With Adalimumab

5. Alkhalifah A, Alsantali A, Wang E, McElwee KJ, Shapiro J. Alopecia areata update, part II: Treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62(2):191-202, quiz 203-204.

ARTICLE INFORMATION Accepted for Publication: May 27, 2014. Published Online: October 8, 2014. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.1544. Author Contributions: Ms Gorcey and Dr Gordon Spratt had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: All authors. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors. Drafting of the manuscript: All authors. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors. Study supervision: Leger. Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. REFERENCES 1. Pelivani N, Hassan AS, Braathen LR, Hunger RE, Yawalkar N. Alopecia areata universalis elicited during treatment with adalimumab. Dermatology. 2008;216(4):320-323. 2. Alkhalifah A, Alsantali A, Wang E, McElwee KJ, Shapiro J. Alopecia areata update, part I: clinical picture, histopathology, and pathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62(2):177-190. 3. Pelivani N, Hassan AS, Braathen LR, Hunger RE, Yawalkar N. Alopecia areata universalis elicited during treatment with adalimumab. Dermatology. 2008;216(4):320-323. 4. Hordinsky MK. Overview of alopecia areata. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2013;16(1):S13-S15.

leflunomide and adalimumab: case report. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89(2):320-322.

6. Delamere FM, Sladden MM, Dobbins HM, Leonardi-Bee J. Interventions for alopecia areata. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(2):CD004413.

14. Navarro R, Daudén E, Gallo E, Santiago Sánchez-Mateos D, García-Diez A. Alopecia areata during treatment of psoriasis with adalimumab and leflunomide: a case and review of the literature. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(2):107-110.

7. Farshi S, Mansouri P, Safar F, Khiabanloo SR. Could azathioprine be considered as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of alopecia areata? a pilot study. Int J Dermatol. 2010;49(10):1188-1193.

15. de Gannes GC, Ghoreishi M, Pope J, et al. Psoriasis and pustular dermatitis triggered by TNF-α inhibitors in patients with rheumatologic conditions. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(2):223-231.

8. Hordinsky MK. Treatment of alopecia areata: “What is new on the horizon?” Dermatol Ther. 2011; 24(3):364-368.

16. Ghoreishi M, Martinka M, Dutz JP. Type 1 interferon signature in the scalp lesions of alopecia areata. Br J Dermatol. 2010;163(1):57-62.

9. Exarchou SA, Voulgari PV, Markatseli TE, Zioga A, Drosos AA. Immune-mediated skin lesions in patients treated with anti–tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors. Scand J Rheumatol. 2009;38(5): 328-331.

17. Kartal ED, Alpat SN, Ozgunes I, Usluer G. Reversible alopecia universalis secondary to PEG–interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin combination therapy in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;19(9): 817-820.

10. Pichler WJ. Adverse side-effects to biological agents. Allergy. 2006;61(8):912-920. 11. Kasumagic-Halilovic E, Prohic A, Cavaljuga S. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with alopecia areata. Indian J Dermatol. 2011;56(5):494496. 12. Strober BE, Siu K, Alexis AF, et al. Etanercept does not effectively treat moderate to severe alopecia areata: an open-label study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(6):1082-1084. 13. Lazzarini R, Capareli GC, Buense R, Lellis RF. Alopecia universalis during treatment with

18. Redler S, Albert F, Brockschmidt FF, et al. Investigation of selected cytokine genes suggests that IL2RA and the TNF/LTA locus are risk factors for severe alopecia areata. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(6): 1360-1365. 19. Kooloos WM, de Jong DJ, Huizinga TW, Guchelaar HJ. Potential role of pharmacogenetics in anti-TNF treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease. Drug Discov Today. 2007;12(3-4): 125-131.

NOTABLE NOTES

Dermatologic Etymology Distribution Robert Denison Griffith, MD; Leyre Falto-Aizpurua, MD; Mohammad-Ali Yazdani Abyaneh, BSc; Keyvan Nouri, MD

A cutaneous disease can be classified according to its distribution (Latin. dis-, apart + tribuere, assign, allot → distribuere → distribut, divided up).1 The distribution of skin disease may be described as follows:

Scattered haphazard (Old Norse. happ, come about by chance + Turkish. zar → az-zahr (Arabic) → azar (Spanish) → hasard (Old French), chance, luck, dice)1,2

Photodistributed (Greek. phōs, phōt, light + distributed)1,2

Widespread (Old English. wīde, over a large area + sprædan, to stretch out)2

Lymphangitic (Latin. lympha, lymph, + Greek. αÏ γγει˜ον, angeion, vessel, container, + -itic forming adjectives and nouns corresponding to nouns ending in -itis (Greek. forming names of inflammatory diseases -itēs)3 Intertriginous (Latin. interterere, inter-, together + terere, to rub + -osus, having to do with, inclined to)1,3 Symmetric (Greek. σύν, syn, together + μέτρον, métron, measure → σύμμετρος , súmmetros → συμμετρία , summetría, agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement)2 Asymmetric (Greek. a-, an-, not, without + symmetry)2 Dermatomal (derma + Greek. tomos, a small section, a piece cut off)1 Acral (Greek. Ïάκρος, akros, topmost / Ïάκρον, akron, end, extremity, or peak)1 Scattered few (Middle English. schateren, to shatter) + (Old English. fēawe, fēawa, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin paucus and Greek pauros, small)1,2

1344

Flexor surfaces (Latin. flectere, to bend + French. surface, an outermost boundary, outside part)2 Extensor surfaces (Latin. extendere, to stretch out) + surface2

Author Affiliations: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. Corresponding Author: Robert Denison Griffith, MD, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Second Floor, Miami, FL 33136 (r.griffith @med.miami.edu). 1. The Free Dictionary. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. Accessed July 21, 2014. 2. Online Etymology Dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com. Accessed July 21, 2014. 3. Fox G. Dermatologic etymology. Arch Derm Syphilol. 1921;3(4 pt 1):404-412.

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Dermatologic etymology: distribution.

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