RESEARCH ARTICLE

Deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti results in treatment failure in Merida, Mexico Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec1*, Anuar Medina-Barreiro2, Azael Che-Mendoza3, Felipe Dzul-Manzanilla3, Fabian Correa-Morales3, Guillermo Guillermo-May2, Wilbert Bibiano-Marı´n2, Valentı´n Uc-Puc2, Eduardo Geded-Moreno2, Jose´ VadilloSa´nchez2, Jorge Palacio-Vargas4, Scott A. Ritchie5,6, Audrey Lenhart7, Pablo ManriqueSaide2

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1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 2 Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomolo´gicos, Campus de Ciencias Biolo´gicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Auto´noma de Yucata´n, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, 3 Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades (CENAPRECE) Secretarı´a de Salud Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico, 4 Secretaria de Salud de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, 5 College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 6 Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 7 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America * [email protected]

OPEN ACCESS Citation: Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Medina-Barreiro A, Che-Mendoza A, Dzul-Manzanilla F, CorreaMorales F, Guillermo-May G, et al. (2017) Deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti results in treatment failure in Merida, Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(6): e0005656. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pntd.0005656 Editor: Charles Apperson, North Carolina State University, UNITED STATES Received: March 24, 2017 Accepted: May 22, 2017 Published: June 12, 2017 Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Data Availability Statement: All files are available from the Dryad database (http://dx.doi.org/10. 5061/dryad.1b070). Funding: This project received support from Emory Global Health Institute and Marcus Foundation (project #00052002), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC: OADS BAA 2016-N17844) and Mexico’s CONACYT (Project # 000000000255141). SAR is funded by National Health and Medical Research Council Senior

Abstract The operational impact of deltamethrin resistance on the efficacy of indoor insecticide applications to control Aedes aegypti was evaluated in Merida, Mexico. A randomized controlled trial quantified the efficacy of indoor residual spraying (IRS) against adult Ae. aegypti in houses treated with either deltamethrin (to which local Ae. aegypti expressed a high degree of resistance) or bendiocarb (to which local Ae. aegypti were fully susceptible) as compared to untreated control houses. All adult Ae. aegypti infestation indices during 3 months postspraying were significantly lower in houses treated with bendiocarb compared to untreated houses (odds ratio 0.16; Fig 2B). Both indices of adult presence were dramatically

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005656 June 12, 2017

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Deltamethrin resistance and Aedes aegypti control

Fig 2. House positivity (proportion of Ae. aegypti infested houses) by treatment and survey date. Panel (A) shows positivity for adult Ae. aegypti and panel (B) positivity for bloodfed female Ae. aegypti. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant (P

Deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti results in treatment failure in Merida, Mexico.

The operational impact of deltamethrin resistance on the efficacy of indoor insecticide applications to control Aedes aegypti was evaluated in Merida,...
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