A peer-reviewed open-access journal
PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.77.11897
RESEARCH ARTICLE
http://phytokeys.pensoft.net
93
Launched to accelerate biodiversity research
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia) Mansur X. Usmonov1 1 Central Herbarium, Institute of the Gene Pool of Plants and Animals of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, P.O. Box st. Durmon yuli 32, 100125, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Corresponding author: Mansur X. Usmonov ([email protected]) Academic editor: P. de Lange | Received 21 January 2017 | Accepted 2 March 2017 | Published 17 March 2017 Citation: Usmonov MX (2017) Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia). PhytoKeys 77: 93–98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.77.11897
Abstract During the study of plant specimens in the Central herbarium, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan Institute of the gene pool of plants and animals (TASH) one new record for the flora of Uzbekistan (Cousinia waldheimiana) was identified. This species is the fourth member of Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis collected in the Uzbek part of the Northern Alay range. Keywords Asteraceae, Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Alay
Introduction The genus Cousinia Cass. with ca. 600–700 species (Attar et al. 2001; Assadi 2010; Attar and Maroofi 2010; Mehregan et. al. 2010) is the second largest genus of Asteraceae, after Senecio L. (Memariani and Joharchi 2011). Cousinia (tribe Cardueae) is subdivided into three subgenera (Tscherneva 1962, 1974) and ca. 70 sections (Kadereit and Jeffrey 2007, Mehregan and Kadereit 2009). The genus is unique for its high level of diversity and penchant for narrow-range endemism. (Tscherneva 1974, Rechinger 1986). Eight major centers of species diversity have been defined for the genus in South West Asia and Central Asia (Mehregan 2008). The most important center of species diversity is
Copyright Mansur X. Usmonov. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
94
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
situated in Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan ranges in the Central Asia with ca. 230 species, of which 150 are endemics (Tscherneva 1974). The Turkman-Iranian mountainous province in North East Iran and South Turkmenistan can be considered as the second important center of diversity for Cousinia, with approximately 100 species, of which 70 species are considered endemic to the area (Rechinger 1972, 1979). As part of the project “Botanical and geographical regionalization of Uzbekistan and creation of a database of plant diversity. Part II. Turan province” herbarium specimens stored in TASH of the genus Cousinia were processed. The process of working with more than 3000 specimens showed that some specimens had not been previously recorded for some Central Asian countries. This paper presents the results of processing the specimens relating to Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis (Juz.) Tscherneva. Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis is an endemic section of 11 species found in the Central Asia Mountains (Tscherneva 1993). Earlier Tscherneva (1962) recognized three species - C. dubia Popov, C. krauseana Regel et Schmalh., C. submutica Franch. for this region in the flora of Uzbekistan. During the processing of the specimens in this section at TASH a further species Cousinia waldheimiana, hitherto known only from outside of the Uzbek borders in North East Kyrgyzstan (Central and Western Tien Shan), was identified. This is a new record for the flora of Uzbekistan.
Materials and methods The identification was based on consultation of published accounts of Cousinia (Tscherneva 1974; Zare et al. 2012; Mehregan and Kadereit 2008; Sennikov 2010, 2011; Mabberley 1990; Heffner 2000; Susanna et al. 2003; Djavadi 2012; Sheidai et al. 2006) and herbarium specimens stored in the TASH.
Results New record C. Waldheimiana Bornm. 1916, Beih. Bot. Centrl. XXXIV. II. 140. (1916). urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199419-1 Fig. 1 Description. Biennial plant. Stem erect, 30–80 cm tall, subglabrous , basally covered in brownish thinly-arachnoid hairs; branches elongated, mid-corymbosa, patulous, monocephalous. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous above, green, tomentose below; basal leaves pinnatisected, cauline sessile, semiamplexicaul, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate, drawn to the apex, almost smooth-edged, just at the base of usual with 2-4 pairs of teeth; branches of the leaves strongly diminished. Capitula ovate-conical, slightly arachnoid, 2.5–3 cm in diameter, (without acidotus) monocephalous. Phyllaries are
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
Figure 1. Representative specimen of C. waldheimiana.
95
96
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Figure 2. Distribution map of C. waldheimiana in Uzbekistan and the neighboring territories (according to the specimens examined).
numerous in number 90–100, except internal, with a slightly arcuately reflect acidotus; internal protruding up, lanceolate; scarious on top, acerous in a very thin, short the barb, usually brownish; setula receptacle above advanced, asperous. Corolla pink. Achenes ca. 3.5–4.0 mm long, obovate, glabrous and smooth. Phenology. Flowering from June to July, fruiting from July to August. Habitat. On the rubbly-fine earth slopes, shale rocks in the middle belt of mountains. Distribution. Previosuly considered endemic to the Western Tien Shan Mountains to distribution in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges. This range is now extended to the Alay Range, Uzbekistan (Fig. 2). Specimens seen. Uzbekistan. Alay Range (North side): Fergana Valley, above the Shakhimardan resort on the slopes of the river Jordan. 02.08.1954, Korotkov 4569 (TASH); Alay Range. River basin Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. Stony NE slope of the upper terrace of the right bank of the river. Ak-su. Tree and shrub belt. 16.07.1961, Pyataeva 118 (TASH); S slope of the Alay range. River basin. Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. 1600 m. NE slope of the right bank of the river. Ak-suv. 16.07.1961, Abdullayev 66 (TASH). Other specimens examined. Kyrgyzstan. Jalal-Abad region. Kyrg. SSR. Upper river of the Hodge-ata. On the pass and the lake Sary-Chelek. 31.07.1949, Bondarenko 1197 (TASH); Central Tien Shan. Ketmen-Tyube region. Valley Uzun-Akhmat. Wormwood steppe. 21.07.1927, Abolin 455 (TASH); Central Tien Shan. Ketmen-
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
97
Tyube region. Ayukty river, the hole Almaly. The stony slope. 2007.1927. Abolin 414 (TASH); The Ferghana Valley. Fergana mountain range near the village Dmitrievka (river Kugart). 29.06.1955, Korotkov 4894 (TASH). Species recognition. Very close to the C. margaritae Kult., differing mainly by the color of the corolla (from C. margaritae corolla whitish or pale yellow in C. waldheimiana corolla pink or purple). However, color of the corolla in the herbarium of poorly stored, making difficulties to define plant, why the geographical boundary of these species are currently unclear (Tscherneva 1962).
Discussion The species with the areal in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges of Western Tien Shan. Its indicated only for the flora of Kyrgyzstan (Tscherneva 1965, 1993). The herbarium specimens from Uzbekistan reported on here were collected from the northern slopes of the Alay range within the Fergana Valley:
Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Komil Sh. Tojibaev for his useful comments and suggestions. We would also like to thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments which helped us to improve the manuscript.
References Assadi M (2009) Four new species of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) from Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 15(1): 36–44. Assadi M (2010) A taxonomic revision of Cousinia sect. Chaetocephalae (Asteraceae). Iranian Journal of Botany 16(2): 191–196. Attar F, Ghahreman A (2002) New taxa of genus Cousinia (Compositae) from Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 9(2): 161–169. Attar F, Ghahreman A, Assadi M (2001) Studies on the genus Cousinia Cass. (Compositae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 10(1): 55–62. Hedge IC, Rechinger KH (1972) Compositae. In: Rechinger KH (Ed.) Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 90(1.5), 10–322. Mehregan I, Kadereit JW (2008) Taxonomic revision of Cousinia sect. Cynaroideae (Asteraceae, Cardueae), Willdenowia 38: 293–362. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.38.38201 Memariani F, Joharchi MR (2011) Two new records of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) from NE Iran, Khorasan provinces. Iranian Journal of Botany 17(1): 69–74. Mehregan I, Djavadi SB, Pahlevani AH (2010) Cousinia (sect. Haussknechtianae) karkasensis, a new species from Karkas Mts. in central Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 16(2): 200–203.
98
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Naqinezhad A, Saeidi Mehrvarz SH (2007) Some new records for Iran and Flora Iranica area collected from Boujagh National Park, N. Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 13(2): 112–119. Sennikov AN (2010) A revision of Cousinia sections Alpinae (syn. Carduncellus), Subappendiculatae and Tianschanicae (Asteraceae) in the Kirghizian Tian-Shan and the neighbouring territories. Phytotaxa 5: 1–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.5.1.1 Tscherneva OV (1962a) Cousinia Cass. In: Vvedensky AI (Ed.) Flora of Uzbekistan, Vol. 6. Tashkent, 321–322. [In Russian] Tscherneva OV (1962b) Cousinia Cass. In: Shishkin BK (Ed.) Flora of USSR, Vol. 27. Leningrad, 325–332. [In Russian] Tscherneva OV (1974) Brief analysis of the geographical distribution of species Cousinia Cass. Botanical Journal 59: 183–191. [in Russian] Tscherneva OV (1993) Cousinia Cass. In: Vvedensky AI (Ed.) Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae, Vol. 10. Tashkent, 333–337. [In Russian] Zare MK, Joharchi AR (2013) Distribution patterns of the genus Cousinia (Asteraceae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 19(1): 127–141.
PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.77.11897
RESEARCH ARTICLE
http://phytokeys.pensoft.net
93
Launched to accelerate biodiversity research
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia) Mansur X. Usmonov1 1 Central Herbarium, Institute of the Gene Pool of Plants and Animals of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, P.O. Box st. Durmon yuli 32, 100125, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Corresponding author: Mansur X. Usmonov ([email protected]) Academic editor: P. de Lange | Received 21 January 2017 | Accepted 2 March 2017 | Published 17 March 2017 Citation: Usmonov MX (2017) Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia). PhytoKeys 77: 93–98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.77.11897
Abstract During the study of plant specimens in the Central herbarium, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan Institute of the gene pool of plants and animals (TASH) one new record for the flora of Uzbekistan (Cousinia waldheimiana) was identified. This species is the fourth member of Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis collected in the Uzbek part of the Northern Alay range. Keywords Asteraceae, Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Alay
Introduction The genus Cousinia Cass. with ca. 600–700 species (Attar et al. 2001; Assadi 2010; Attar and Maroofi 2010; Mehregan et. al. 2010) is the second largest genus of Asteraceae, after Senecio L. (Memariani and Joharchi 2011). Cousinia (tribe Cardueae) is subdivided into three subgenera (Tscherneva 1962, 1974) and ca. 70 sections (Kadereit and Jeffrey 2007, Mehregan and Kadereit 2009). The genus is unique for its high level of diversity and penchant for narrow-range endemism. (Tscherneva 1974, Rechinger 1986). Eight major centers of species diversity have been defined for the genus in South West Asia and Central Asia (Mehregan 2008). The most important center of species diversity is
Copyright Mansur X. Usmonov. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
94
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
situated in Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan ranges in the Central Asia with ca. 230 species, of which 150 are endemics (Tscherneva 1974). The Turkman-Iranian mountainous province in North East Iran and South Turkmenistan can be considered as the second important center of diversity for Cousinia, with approximately 100 species, of which 70 species are considered endemic to the area (Rechinger 1972, 1979). As part of the project “Botanical and geographical regionalization of Uzbekistan and creation of a database of plant diversity. Part II. Turan province” herbarium specimens stored in TASH of the genus Cousinia were processed. The process of working with more than 3000 specimens showed that some specimens had not been previously recorded for some Central Asian countries. This paper presents the results of processing the specimens relating to Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis (Juz.) Tscherneva. Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis is an endemic section of 11 species found in the Central Asia Mountains (Tscherneva 1993). Earlier Tscherneva (1962) recognized three species - C. dubia Popov, C. krauseana Regel et Schmalh., C. submutica Franch. for this region in the flora of Uzbekistan. During the processing of the specimens in this section at TASH a further species Cousinia waldheimiana, hitherto known only from outside of the Uzbek borders in North East Kyrgyzstan (Central and Western Tien Shan), was identified. This is a new record for the flora of Uzbekistan.
Materials and methods The identification was based on consultation of published accounts of Cousinia (Tscherneva 1974; Zare et al. 2012; Mehregan and Kadereit 2008; Sennikov 2010, 2011; Mabberley 1990; Heffner 2000; Susanna et al. 2003; Djavadi 2012; Sheidai et al. 2006) and herbarium specimens stored in the TASH.
Results New record C. Waldheimiana Bornm. 1916, Beih. Bot. Centrl. XXXIV. II. 140. (1916). urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199419-1 Fig. 1 Description. Biennial plant. Stem erect, 30–80 cm tall, subglabrous , basally covered in brownish thinly-arachnoid hairs; branches elongated, mid-corymbosa, patulous, monocephalous. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous above, green, tomentose below; basal leaves pinnatisected, cauline sessile, semiamplexicaul, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate, drawn to the apex, almost smooth-edged, just at the base of usual with 2-4 pairs of teeth; branches of the leaves strongly diminished. Capitula ovate-conical, slightly arachnoid, 2.5–3 cm in diameter, (without acidotus) monocephalous. Phyllaries are
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
Figure 1. Representative specimen of C. waldheimiana.
95
96
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Figure 2. Distribution map of C. waldheimiana in Uzbekistan and the neighboring territories (according to the specimens examined).
numerous in number 90–100, except internal, with a slightly arcuately reflect acidotus; internal protruding up, lanceolate; scarious on top, acerous in a very thin, short the barb, usually brownish; setula receptacle above advanced, asperous. Corolla pink. Achenes ca. 3.5–4.0 mm long, obovate, glabrous and smooth. Phenology. Flowering from June to July, fruiting from July to August. Habitat. On the rubbly-fine earth slopes, shale rocks in the middle belt of mountains. Distribution. Previosuly considered endemic to the Western Tien Shan Mountains to distribution in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges. This range is now extended to the Alay Range, Uzbekistan (Fig. 2). Specimens seen. Uzbekistan. Alay Range (North side): Fergana Valley, above the Shakhimardan resort on the slopes of the river Jordan. 02.08.1954, Korotkov 4569 (TASH); Alay Range. River basin Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. Stony NE slope of the upper terrace of the right bank of the river. Ak-su. Tree and shrub belt. 16.07.1961, Pyataeva 118 (TASH); S slope of the Alay range. River basin. Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. 1600 m. NE slope of the right bank of the river. Ak-suv. 16.07.1961, Abdullayev 66 (TASH). Other specimens examined. Kyrgyzstan. Jalal-Abad region. Kyrg. SSR. Upper river of the Hodge-ata. On the pass and the lake Sary-Chelek. 31.07.1949, Bondarenko 1197 (TASH); Central Tien Shan. Ketmen-Tyube region. Valley Uzun-Akhmat. Wormwood steppe. 21.07.1927, Abolin 455 (TASH); Central Tien Shan. Ketmen-
Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)
97
Tyube region. Ayukty river, the hole Almaly. The stony slope. 2007.1927. Abolin 414 (TASH); The Ferghana Valley. Fergana mountain range near the village Dmitrievka (river Kugart). 29.06.1955, Korotkov 4894 (TASH). Species recognition. Very close to the C. margaritae Kult., differing mainly by the color of the corolla (from C. margaritae corolla whitish or pale yellow in C. waldheimiana corolla pink or purple). However, color of the corolla in the herbarium of poorly stored, making difficulties to define plant, why the geographical boundary of these species are currently unclear (Tscherneva 1962).
Discussion The species with the areal in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges of Western Tien Shan. Its indicated only for the flora of Kyrgyzstan (Tscherneva 1965, 1993). The herbarium specimens from Uzbekistan reported on here were collected from the northern slopes of the Alay range within the Fergana Valley:
Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Komil Sh. Tojibaev for his useful comments and suggestions. We would also like to thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments which helped us to improve the manuscript.
References Assadi M (2009) Four new species of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) from Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 15(1): 36–44. Assadi M (2010) A taxonomic revision of Cousinia sect. Chaetocephalae (Asteraceae). Iranian Journal of Botany 16(2): 191–196. Attar F, Ghahreman A (2002) New taxa of genus Cousinia (Compositae) from Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 9(2): 161–169. Attar F, Ghahreman A, Assadi M (2001) Studies on the genus Cousinia Cass. (Compositae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 10(1): 55–62. Hedge IC, Rechinger KH (1972) Compositae. In: Rechinger KH (Ed.) Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 90(1.5), 10–322. Mehregan I, Kadereit JW (2008) Taxonomic revision of Cousinia sect. Cynaroideae (Asteraceae, Cardueae), Willdenowia 38: 293–362. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.38.38201 Memariani F, Joharchi MR (2011) Two new records of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) from NE Iran, Khorasan provinces. Iranian Journal of Botany 17(1): 69–74. Mehregan I, Djavadi SB, Pahlevani AH (2010) Cousinia (sect. Haussknechtianae) karkasensis, a new species from Karkas Mts. in central Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 16(2): 200–203.
98
Mansur X. Usmonov / PhytoKeys 77: 93–98 (2017)
Naqinezhad A, Saeidi Mehrvarz SH (2007) Some new records for Iran and Flora Iranica area collected from Boujagh National Park, N. Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 13(2): 112–119. Sennikov AN (2010) A revision of Cousinia sections Alpinae (syn. Carduncellus), Subappendiculatae and Tianschanicae (Asteraceae) in the Kirghizian Tian-Shan and the neighbouring territories. Phytotaxa 5: 1–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.5.1.1 Tscherneva OV (1962a) Cousinia Cass. In: Vvedensky AI (Ed.) Flora of Uzbekistan, Vol. 6. Tashkent, 321–322. [In Russian] Tscherneva OV (1962b) Cousinia Cass. In: Shishkin BK (Ed.) Flora of USSR, Vol. 27. Leningrad, 325–332. [In Russian] Tscherneva OV (1974) Brief analysis of the geographical distribution of species Cousinia Cass. Botanical Journal 59: 183–191. [in Russian] Tscherneva OV (1993) Cousinia Cass. In: Vvedensky AI (Ed.) Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae, Vol. 10. Tashkent, 333–337. [In Russian] Zare MK, Joharchi AR (2013) Distribution patterns of the genus Cousinia (Asteraceae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 19(1): 127–141.
