http://informahealthcare.com/mdn ISSN: 1940-1736 (print), 1940-1744 (electronic) Mitochondrial DNA, Early Online: 1–2 ! 2014 Informa UK Ltd. DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.861449

MITOGENOME ANNOUNCEMENT

Complete mitochondrial genome of a freshwater snail, Semisulcospira libertina (Cerithioidea: Semisulcospiridae) Tai Zeng1, Wei Yin2, Rong Xia2, Cuizhang Fu1,2, and Binsong Jin1 1

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Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China and 2Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Abstract

Keywords

The first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Cerithioidea (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) was determined using a freshwater snail Semisulcospira libertina (Cerithioidea: Semisulcospiridae) as a representative species of the superfamily. The mitogenome was 15,432 bp in length, including 13 typical invertebrate protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The overall base composition was 31.4% for A, 17.8% for C, 34.8% for T and 16.0% for G with a A þ T bias. The mitogenome of S. libertina displayed novel gene order arrangement compared with published Caenogastropoda mitogenomes to date. This mitogenome contributed in resolving phylogenetic position and interrelationships of Cerithioidea.

Caenogastropoda, cerithioidea, gastropoda, Semisulcospira libertina, semisulcospiridae

The Cerithioidea (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) is a superfamily of basal Caenogastropoda including 17 families, approximately 200 extant genera and 1100 extant species (Strong et al., 2011). The phylogenetic position and interrelationships of Cerithioidea have not been resolved in the Gastropoda systematics (Colgan et al., 2007; Strong et al., 2011). In this study, we determined the first complete mitogenome of Cerithioidea using a freshwater snail Semisulcospira libertina (Cerithioidea: Semisulcospiridae) as a representative species of the superfamily, whose mitogenome contributed in resolving the phylogenetic position and interrelationships of Cerithioidea. Members of the genus Semisulcospira are a group of freshwater snails, distributed in East Asia (Miura et al., 2013). The sampled specimen of S. libertina were collected from the Poyang Lake sub-basin of Yangtze River basin, China.

History Received 22 October 2013 Accepted 24 October 2013 Published online 10 January 2014

Total genomic DNA was extracted using the E.Z.N.A. Mollusc DNA Kit (Omega Bio-Tek, Inc., Norcross, GA). Thirteen pairs of primers (available from the corresponding author by e-mail) were used to amplify contiguous, overlapping segments of mitochondrial genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were purified and directly sequenced using the PCR primers. The mitogenome data of S. libertina have been deposited in GenBank with the accession number KF736848. The complete mitogenome of Semisulcospira libertina was 15,432 bp in length, containing 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 22 transfer RNA genes (Table 1). Nine protein-coding genes as well as seven tRNA genes were encoded on the heavy strain, and all remaining genes were encoded on the light strain. The mitogenome of S. libertina displayed novel gene order arrangement compared with published

Table 1. Characteristics of the mitochondrial genome of S. libertina. Position Gene COI COII tRNASer tRNAGln ND4L ND4 tRNAHis ND5 tRNAPhe tRNACys

From 1 1557 2268 2333 2443 2727 4127 4193 5913 6096

Codon To 1533 2243 2334 2407 2733 4094 4192 5911 5977 6162

Length (bp) 1533 687 67 75 291 1368 66 1719 65 67

Start

Stop

ATG ATG

TAA TAA

ATG ATG

TAA TAA

ATG

TAA

Intergenic nucleotidesa

Strandb

23 24 2 35 7 32 0 1 118 3

H H H H H H H H H L (continued )

Correspondence: Binsong Jin, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. Tel: +86 791 83827061. E-mail: [email protected]

2

T. Zeng et al.

Mitochondrial DNA, Early Online: 1–2

Table 1. Continued

Position Gene

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Arg

tRNA tRNAAla tRNAAsn tRNATrp tRNAGlu tRNATyr tRNALys COIII tRNAMet Cytb ND6 tRNAPro ND1 tRNALeu tRNALeu 16S rRNA tRNAVal tRNAGly tRNAThr 12S rRNA tRNASer ND2 tRNAAsp ATPase8 ATPase6 tRNAIle ND3

Codon

From

To

Length (bp)

6166 6250 6333 6409 6482 6550 6617 6752 7535 7610 8749 9257 9322 10,261 10,345 10,414 11,761 11,830 11,897 11,965 12,916 12,986 14,053 14,126 14,301 15,004 15,074

6228 6316 6402 6475 6547 6617 6685 7531 7601 8749 9254 9321 10,260 10,328 10,413 11,760 11,827 11,896 11,964 12,915 12,985 14,053 14,121 14,287 14,996 15,072 15,427

63 67 70 67 66 68 69 780 67 1140 506 65 939 68 69 1347 67 67 68 951 70 1068 69 162 696 69 354

Start

Stop

ATG

TAA

ATG ATG

TAG TA–

ATG

TAG

ATG

TAA

ATG ATG

TAA TAG

ATG

TAA

Intergenic nucleotidesa

Strandb

21 16 6 6 2 1 66 3 8 1 2 0 0 16 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 4 13 7 1 5

L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L H H H H H H H

a

Numbers correspond to the nucleotides separating different genes. Positive numbers indicate the number of nucleotides found in intergenic spaces, negative numbers indicate overlapping nucleotides between adjacent genes. b H and L indicate heavy and light strands, respectively.

Caenogastropoda mitogenomes to date (Cunha et al., 2009; Grande et al., 2008; Rawlings et al., 2010). The overall base composition was 31.4% for A, 17.8% for C, 34.8% for T and 16.0% for G with an A þ T bias as generally observed in Gastropoda mitogenomes (Rawlings et al., 2010; Zhu et al., 2012). 12S and 16S genes were located between tRNALeu and tRNASer with the length of 951 and 1347 bp, respectively. The length of 22 tRNA genes ranged from 63 to 75 bp. Two relatively long intergenic regions (118 and 66 bp) were found in the location of tRNAPhe and tRNALys, respectively. Among adjacent proteincoding genes, gene overlaps were observed in two pairs of adjacent genes, ND4L–ND4 and Cytb–ND6 with the overlapped size of 7 and 1 bp, respectively. All protein-coding genes used ATG as start codon. However, there were three types of stop codon (TAA, TAG and TA-) used in protein-coding genes.

Declaration of interest This study was funded by Natural Science Foundation of China Science (31260107). The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

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Complete mitochondrial genome of a freshwater snail, Semisulcospira libertina (Cerithioidea: Semisulcospiridae).

The first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Cerithioidea (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) was determined using a freshwater snail Semisulcosp...
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