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Comparative essential oil composition of aerial parts of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss. from Southern Zagros, Iran. a

a

b

Gholam Abbas Ghanbarian , Mahmood Naseri , Ahmad Hatami & b

Efat Jafari a

Department of Natural Resources and Environment, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran b

Department of Natural Resources, Fars Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Shiraz 193953697, Iran Published online: 05 Nov 2014.

To cite this article: Gholam Abbas Ghanbarian, Mahmood Naseri, Ahmad Hatami & Efat Jafari (2015) Comparative essential oil composition of aerial parts of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss. from Southern Zagros, Iran., Natural Product Research: Formerly Natural Product Letters, 29:2, 197-200, DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.971319 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.971319

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Natural Product Research, 2015 Vol. 29, No. 2, 197–200, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.971319

SHORT COMMUNICATION Comparative essential oil composition of aerial parts of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss. from Southern Zagros, Iran. Gholam Abbas Ghanbariana*, Mahmood Naseria, Ahmad Hatamib and Efat Jafarib

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a

Department of Natural Resources and Environment, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran; bDepartment of Natural Resources, Fars Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Shiraz 193953697, Iran (Received 9 August 2014; final version received 21 September 2014) The essential oils of leaves and flowers of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss., an endemic medicinal shrub, were extracted by using hydrodistillation method and analysed using GC and GC – MS. A total of 43 and 44 compounds were identified in the essential oils from the leaves and flowers of T. dumosum, respectively. The major chemical constituents of leaves oil were borneol (27.9%), bornyl acetate (18.4%), 1,8-cineol (17.5%), a-terpineol (5.3%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (3.3%), camphene (2.7%) and terpinene-4-ol (1.9%), while the main components of the flower oil were isobornyl-2methyl butanoate (41.1%), trans-linalyl oxide acetate (11.9%), 1,8-cineole (7.7%), thymol (4.2%), linalool (3.9%), camphor (2.9%), isobornyl propanoate (2.9%), a-terpineol (2.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.0%). Major qualitative and quantitative variations for some main chemical compounds among different aerial parts of T. dumosum were identified. High contents of borneol, bornyl acetate, 1,8-cineol and linalool in the leaves and flowers of T. dumosum show its potential for use in the food and perfumery industry. Keywords: Tanacetum dumosum Boiss; essential oil composition; borneol; 1,8-cineol; bornyl acetate; linalool; Iran

1. Introduction The genus Tanacetum L. (Asteraceae) distributed widely in various regions of Europe, west Asia, north Africa and North America (Mozaffarian 2008). Of the 32 species of this genus growing wild in Iran, 15 species are endemic (Mozaffarian 2008). Tanacetum dumosum Boiss. is an endemic perennial woody plant growing wild in the southern parts of Zagros mountains, Iran (Podlech 1986). This plant can be distinguished from other species as follows: suffrutescent, indumentum sparsely to densely pubescent or tomentose with bifid hairs. Stems are erect, usually leafy and branched. Leaves entire, toothed, pinnatifid. Capitula are solitary. Involucre obconical or cylindrical; phyllaries imbricate, 3-4-seriate, lanceolate or oblong, often with scarious margins and apices. Receptacle flat and disc flowers tubular, five-lobed at apex, yellow. Achenes cylindrical, five parted. According to previous research, sabinene, 1,8-cineole, eudesmol and camphor in Tanacetum nubigenum; a-bisabolol, chamazulene and a-phellandrene in Tanacetum gracile (Lohani et al. 2012); artemisia ketone, longiverbenone, artemisia alcohol and yomogi alcohol in Tanacetum kotschyi (Polatoglu et al. 2011); camphor, camphene, 1,8cineole, borneol and bornyl acetate in Tanacetum polycephalum (Nori-Shargh et al. 1999) had been reported. Although variations among species and geographical location seem to be

*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] q 2014 Taylor & Francis

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important factors influencing the oil content of aromatic plants (Vokou et al. 1993), there is no report available in the literature on the analysis and comparison of essential oils of different aerial parts of T. dumosum. This study was carried out to examine the variation in the constituents of the essential oil from the flowers and leaves of T. dumosum in the north of Fars province, Iran.

2. Results and discussion

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The yields of the essential oil of leaves and flowers from T. dumosum were 0.36% and 0.33% (v/w), respectively. The percentage composition of the oil is presented in Table 1, where the compounds are listed in order of elution from HP-5MS column. A total of 43 and 44 compounds Table 1. Chemical composition of essential oils from leaves and flower of T. dumosum. Component

RIa

Leaves (%)

Flower (%)

Tricyclene a-Thujene a-Pinene Camphene Sabinene b-Pinene

921 924 931 946 971 975

0.117 0.13 1.217 2.747 0.951 1.285

– tr 1.05 0.146 0.143 0.492

Dehydro-1,8cineole d-3-Carene a-Terpinene p-Cymene Limonene 1,8-Cineole Benzene acetaldehyde (E)-b-Ocimene g-Terpinene cis-Sabinene hydrate trans-Linalool oxide Terpinolene Linalool cis-Thujone a-Campholenal trans-Pinocarveol Camphor

989

0.077



1009 1015 1023 1027 1032 1041

– 0.222 1.223 0.095 17.528 –

1045 1056 1064

b-Pinene oxide Pinocarvone Epoxy linalool Borneol Terpinene-4-ol a-Terpineol Myrtenol Cumin aldehyde a

RIa

Leaves (%)

Flower (%)

Pulegone Geraniol cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate 4-Thujen-2-a-yl acetate Bornyl acetate trans-Linalyl oxide acetate Thymol

1238 1254 1260 1273 1288 1289

– 0.155 3.307 – 18.432 –

0.254 – – 0.838 – 11.993

1291

0.254

4.228

tr 0.057 0.248 tr 7.711 tr

Carvacrol p-Mentha-1,4-dien-7-ol Eugenol Neryl acetate Isobornyl propanoate Geranyl acetate

1300 1326 1355 1362 1378 1382

0.12 0.265 0.371 0.093 – 0.142

1.537 – 0.401 – 2.931 –

– 0.623 0.544

tr 0.17 0.052

(Z)-Jasmone a-Cedrene (E)-Caryophyllene

1396 1408 1416

0.552 0.517 0.44

0.693 – –

1070



0.518

Cabreuva oxide A

1441

0.251



1086 1099 1107 1124 1137 1142

0.156 1.774 – 0.26 0.36 1.085

0.068 3.98 1.272 0.08 0.092 2.966

1458 1475 1478 1484 1493 1513

1.199 0.812 0.215 – 0.097 –

– – – 0.208 – 41.122

1154 1160 1167 1171 1175 1190 1196 1237

– – – 27.903 1.925 5.317 0.365 0.238

0.57 0.068 0.48 0.103 0.349 2.157 – –

Cabreuva oxide B Cabreuva oxide D Germacrene D (E)-b-Ionone Bicyclogermacrene Isobornyl-2-methyl butanoate (E)-Nerolidol g-Asarone Spathulenol Caryophyllene oxide Davanol D1 Selin-11-en-4-a-ol (2Z,6Z)-Farnesol Total

1562 1573 1575 1580 1622 1655 1717

– – 0.694 1.485 – – 0.748 96.3

0.51 0.358 0.128 2.045 0.251 0.761 0.385 91.5

Retention indices; tr, trace (,0.05%).

Compound

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were detected representing 96.3% (leaves) and 91.5% (flowers) of T. dumosum essential oils, respectively. As shown in Table 1, in the leaves, the major components were borneol (27.9%), bornyl acetate (18.4%), 1,8-cineol (17.5%), a-terpineol (5.3%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (3.3%), camphene (2.7%) and terpinene-4-ol (1.9%). In the flowers, isobornyl-2-methyl butanoate (41.1%), trans-linalyl oxide acetate (11.9%), 1,8-cineole (7.7%), thymol (4.2%), linalool (3.9%), camphor (2.9%), isobornyl propanoate (2.9%), a-terpineol (2.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.04%) were the major constituents. The result of this research is in accordance with earlier studies on Tanacetum species all found to be rich in 1,8 cineol, borneol, bornyl acetate, terpinene-4-ol and camphor content (Nori-Shargh et al. 1999; Mahdavi et al. 2013; Weyerstahl et al. 1999). According to previous literature on the essential oils from different Tanacetum species, 1,8cineol varies among species from 7.8% (Nori-Shargh et al. 1999) to 26.5% (Mahdavi et al. 2013) in T. polycephalum compared with 17.5% (leaves) and 7.7% (flowers) of essential oils in our current investigation. High content of camphor had been reported previously in T. polycephalum [53.5% (Nori-Shargh et al. 1999) and 18.5% (Mahdavi et al. 2013)] and T. fruticulosum [13.1% (Weyerstahl et al. 1999)], although our results showed lower content with 1.08% and 2.96% in leaves and flowers of T. dumosum, respectively. As shown in Table 1, borneol with 27.9% was the main leaves component of T. dumosum higher than the results of previous research in other Tanacetum species such as T. polycephalum with 16.8% (Weyerstahl et al. 1999) and T. fruticulosum with 4.9% (Mahdavi et al. 2013). On the other hand, in flower of T. dumosum the high content of thymol (4.2%) was identified than other Tanacetum species such as T. polycephalum with maximum value of 0.6% (Mahdavi et al. 2013). Flower linalool content of T. dumosum was 3.98% compared with 2.3% in the flowers of T. kotschyi (Polatoglu et al. 2011) and 0.2% in T. gracile (Lohani et al. 2012) aerial parts. Linalool is a profitable monoterpene alcohol which is used as a scent in perfumery and cosmetics industry besides being used in vitamin E synthesis (Lopesa et al. 2000). The presence of thymol (4.2%) and carvacrol (1.53%) in the essential oil of T. dumosum flower confirms the fungicidal and antibacterial activity (Garcı´a-Garcı´a et al. 2011) of the favourite species. Bornyl acetate (18.4%) in leaves suggests the potential of this plant as a flavouring source in the food industry (Burdock 1997).

3. Conclusion The chemical composition of the volatile oils from T. dumosom L. collected from southern parts of Iran was identified and described. This is the first time to compare between essential oils constituents of flowers and leaves of T. dumosum L. The percentage of 1,8-cineol and a-terpineol as two common main components, were higher in leaves. There are almost 32 compounds were identified just in one aerial part (leaves or flowers) of T. dumosum. It could be concluded that the contents of the essential oils extracted from flowers and leaves of T. dumosum L. are nearly different.

Supplementary material Experimental details relating to this paper are available online.

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Comparative essential oil composition of aerial parts of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss. from Southern Zagros, Iran.

The essential oils of leaves and flowers of Tanacetum dumosum Boiss., an endemic medicinal shrub, were extracted by using hydrodistillation method and...
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