J Pathol Inform
Editor-in-Chief: Anil V. Parwani , Liron Pantanowitz, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Research Article
Automated grading of renal cell carcinoma using whole slide imaging Fang‑Cheng Yeh1,2, Anil V. Parwani3, Liron Pantanowitz3, Chien Ho1,2 Departments of Biomedical Engineering and 2Biological Science, Pittsburgh NMR Center for Biomedical Research, Carnegie Mellon University, 3Department of Pathology, Division of Pathology Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 1
E-mail: *Chien Ho -
[email protected] *Corresponding author Received: 02 March 14
Accepted: 08 June 14
Published: 30 July 2014
This article may be cited as: Yeh F, Parwani AV, Pantanowitz L, Ho C. Automated grading of renal cell carcinoma using whole slide imaging. J Pathol Inform 2014;5:23. Available FREE in open access from: http://www.jpathinformatics.org/text.asp?2014/5/1/23/137726 Copyright: © 2014 Yeh FC. This is an open‑access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract Introduction: Recent technology developments have demonstrated the benefit of using whole slide imaging (WSI) in computer‑aided diagnosis. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of using automatic WSI analysis to assist grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is a manual task traditionally performed by pathologists. Materials and Methods: Automatic WSI analysis was applied to 39 hematoxylin and eosin‑stained digitized slides of clear cell RCC with varying grades. Kernel regression was used to estimate the spatial distribution of nuclear size across the entire slides. The analysis results were correlated with Fuhrman nuclear grades determined by pathologists. Results: The spatial distribution of nuclear size provided a panoramic view of the tissue sections.The distribution images facilitated locating regions of interest, such as high‑grade regions and areas with necrosis. The statistical analysis showed that the maximum nuclear size was significantly different (P