Meunier et al.: JASA Express Letters
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4890175]
Published Online 18 July 2014
Asymmetry in perceived duration between up-ramp and down-ramp sounds as a function of duration Sabine Meunier Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France [email protected]
Micha€el Vanniera) Laboratoire Vibrations Acoustique, INSA-Lyon, 25 bis Avenue Jean Capelle, F-69621 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France [email protected]
Jacques Chatron Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France [email protected]
Patrick Susini STMS Lab (IRCAM, CNRS, UPMC), 1 Place Igor Stravinsky, 75004 Paris, France [email protected]
Abstract: The perceived duration of 1-kHz pure tones with increasing or decreasing intensity profiles was measured. The ratio between the down- and up-ramp durations at equal subjective durations was examined as a function of the sound duration (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 ms). At 50 and 100 ms, the ratio was constant and equaled about 1.7, then it logarithmically decreased from 100 to 1000 ms to reach a constant value of 1 at 1 and 2 s. The different mechanisms proposed in the literature to explain the perceived duration asymmetry between up-ramp and down-ramp were discussed in the light of the dependence of this ratio on duration. C 2014 Acoustical Society of America V
PACS numbers: 43.66.Mk, 43.66.Lj [QJF] Date Received: April 16, 2014 Date Accepted: June 19, 2014
1. Introduction It is well known that the perception of a sound that increases in level (up-ramp) differs in different ways from the perception of a sound that decreases in level (down-ramp) even though their long term spectra are the same. This difference was especially found for loudness and for perceived duration. It was shown that the loudness and the perceived difference in loudness of an up-ramp are greater than those of a down-ramp (Neuhoff, 1998; Stecker and Hafter, 2000; Susini et al., 2007; Teghtsoonian et al., 2005). Major results have been achieved concerning the loudness asymmetries for a ramp duration of 1.8 s. However, recent results showed that the asymmetry still exists for longer durations (Ponsot et al., 2013). Up-ramps are also judged longer than
a)
Also at Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
EL166 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 136 (2), August 2014
C 2014 Acoustical Society of America V
Redistribution subject to ASA license or copyright; see http://acousticalsociety.org/content/terms. Download to IP: 130.63.180.147 On: Mon, 24 Nov 2014 06:34:09
Meunier et al.: JASA Express Letters
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4890175]
Published Online 18 July 2014
down-ramps of the same physical duration (Schlauch et al., 2001; Grassi and Darwin, 2006; DiGiovanni and Schlauch, 2007; Ries et al., 2008; Grassi and Pavan, 2012). Most studies focused on the perceived duration asymmetry for durations shorter than 1 s. Globally it was found that the difference between the perceived duration of up- and down-ramps decreases as the duration increases from about 50 to 1000 ms (Schlauch et al., 2001; Grassi and Darwin, 2006; Ries et al., 2008; Grassi and Pavan, 2012). In other words, up-ramps are perceived longer than down-ramps for durations up to 1 s. However, DiGiovanni and Schlauch (2007) found an increase in the asymmetry between 50 and 500 ms for broadband noises. In the different studies, different stimuli (pure tones, broadband noises, harmonic complexes), different methods [magnitude estimation (ME), matching procedure], and different ranges of durations were used. The values of the physical duration ratio (down-ramp/up-ramp) at equal subjective durations differed strongly among the studies. For example, when using ME, Schlauch et al. (2001) found for a 1-kHz pure-tone, a ratio of about 4.5 for ramp duration of 25 ms that decreased to about 1.8 for ramp duration of 200 ms, while when using a matching procedure, they found a ratio of about 2.5 at 25 ms, which decreased to about 1.3 at 200 ms. In Ries et al. (2008), with a broadband noise, the ratio decreased from 1.85 down to 1.2 for durations ranging from 50 to 500 ms. Some studies focused on short durations, i.e.,
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4890175]
Published Online 18 July 2014
Asymmetry in perceived duration between up-ramp and down-ramp sounds as a function of duration Sabine Meunier Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France [email protected]
Micha€el Vanniera) Laboratoire Vibrations Acoustique, INSA-Lyon, 25 bis Avenue Jean Capelle, F-69621 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France [email protected]
Jacques Chatron Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France [email protected]
Patrick Susini STMS Lab (IRCAM, CNRS, UPMC), 1 Place Igor Stravinsky, 75004 Paris, France [email protected]
Abstract: The perceived duration of 1-kHz pure tones with increasing or decreasing intensity profiles was measured. The ratio between the down- and up-ramp durations at equal subjective durations was examined as a function of the sound duration (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 ms). At 50 and 100 ms, the ratio was constant and equaled about 1.7, then it logarithmically decreased from 100 to 1000 ms to reach a constant value of 1 at 1 and 2 s. The different mechanisms proposed in the literature to explain the perceived duration asymmetry between up-ramp and down-ramp were discussed in the light of the dependence of this ratio on duration. C 2014 Acoustical Society of America V
PACS numbers: 43.66.Mk, 43.66.Lj [QJF] Date Received: April 16, 2014 Date Accepted: June 19, 2014
1. Introduction It is well known that the perception of a sound that increases in level (up-ramp) differs in different ways from the perception of a sound that decreases in level (down-ramp) even though their long term spectra are the same. This difference was especially found for loudness and for perceived duration. It was shown that the loudness and the perceived difference in loudness of an up-ramp are greater than those of a down-ramp (Neuhoff, 1998; Stecker and Hafter, 2000; Susini et al., 2007; Teghtsoonian et al., 2005). Major results have been achieved concerning the loudness asymmetries for a ramp duration of 1.8 s. However, recent results showed that the asymmetry still exists for longer durations (Ponsot et al., 2013). Up-ramps are also judged longer than
a)
Also at Laboratoire de Mecanique et d’Acoustique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 7051, Aix-Marseille Universite, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
EL166 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 136 (2), August 2014
C 2014 Acoustical Society of America V
Redistribution subject to ASA license or copyright; see http://acousticalsociety.org/content/terms. Download to IP: 130.63.180.147 On: Mon, 24 Nov 2014 06:34:09
Meunier et al.: JASA Express Letters
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4890175]
Published Online 18 July 2014
down-ramps of the same physical duration (Schlauch et al., 2001; Grassi and Darwin, 2006; DiGiovanni and Schlauch, 2007; Ries et al., 2008; Grassi and Pavan, 2012). Most studies focused on the perceived duration asymmetry for durations shorter than 1 s. Globally it was found that the difference between the perceived duration of up- and down-ramps decreases as the duration increases from about 50 to 1000 ms (Schlauch et al., 2001; Grassi and Darwin, 2006; Ries et al., 2008; Grassi and Pavan, 2012). In other words, up-ramps are perceived longer than down-ramps for durations up to 1 s. However, DiGiovanni and Schlauch (2007) found an increase in the asymmetry between 50 and 500 ms for broadband noises. In the different studies, different stimuli (pure tones, broadband noises, harmonic complexes), different methods [magnitude estimation (ME), matching procedure], and different ranges of durations were used. The values of the physical duration ratio (down-ramp/up-ramp) at equal subjective durations differed strongly among the studies. For example, when using ME, Schlauch et al. (2001) found for a 1-kHz pure-tone, a ratio of about 4.5 for ramp duration of 25 ms that decreased to about 1.8 for ramp duration of 200 ms, while when using a matching procedure, they found a ratio of about 2.5 at 25 ms, which decreased to about 1.3 at 200 ms. In Ries et al. (2008), with a broadband noise, the ratio decreased from 1.85 down to 1.2 for durations ranging from 50 to 500 ms. Some studies focused on short durations, i.e.,
