RESEARCH ARTICLE
Association of Serum Level of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xiuying Liu1☯, Xiumei Chi2☯, Qiaoling Gong1☯, Lei Gao1, Yuqiang Niu1, Xiaojing Chi1, Min Cheng1, Youhui Si1, Maorong Wang3, Jin Zhong4*, Junqi Niu2*, Wei Yang1* 1 MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2 First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 3 Liver Disease Center of PLA, the 81st Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, China, 4 Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] (WY); [email protected] (JN); [email protected] (JZ)
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Liu X, Chi X, Gong Q, Gao L, Niu Y, Chi X, et al. (2015) Association of Serum Level of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0127518. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127518 Academic Editor: Lanjing Zhang, University Medical Center of Princeton/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, UNITED STATES Received: July 3, 2014 Accepted: April 15, 2015 Published: May 21, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information file. Funding: This work was supported by grants from National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2012ZX10002007-003), National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB504800), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81271831, 81301442) and an intramural grant from the Institute of Pathogen Biology (2013IPB103).
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis are associated with high mortality worldwide. Currently, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is used as a standard serum marker for the detection of HCC, but its sensitivity and specificity are unsatisfactory, and optimal diagnostic markers for cirrhosis are lacking. We previously reported that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was significantly induced in HCV-infected hepatocytes. This study aimed to investigate GDF15 expression and its correlation with hepatitis virus-related liver diseases. A total of 412 patients with various liver diseases were studied. Healthy and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected subjects were included as controls. Serum and tissue GDF15 levels were measured. Serum GDF15 levels were significantly increased in patients with HCC (6.66±0.67 ng/mL, p
Association of Serum Level of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xiuying Liu1☯, Xiumei Chi2☯, Qiaoling Gong1☯, Lei Gao1, Yuqiang Niu1, Xiaojing Chi1, Min Cheng1, Youhui Si1, Maorong Wang3, Jin Zhong4*, Junqi Niu2*, Wei Yang1* 1 MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2 First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China, 3 Liver Disease Center of PLA, the 81st Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, China, 4 Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] (WY); [email protected] (JN); [email protected] (JZ)
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Liu X, Chi X, Gong Q, Gao L, Niu Y, Chi X, et al. (2015) Association of Serum Level of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0127518. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127518 Academic Editor: Lanjing Zhang, University Medical Center of Princeton/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, UNITED STATES Received: July 3, 2014 Accepted: April 15, 2015 Published: May 21, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information file. Funding: This work was supported by grants from National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2012ZX10002007-003), National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB504800), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81271831, 81301442) and an intramural grant from the Institute of Pathogen Biology (2013IPB103).
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis are associated with high mortality worldwide. Currently, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is used as a standard serum marker for the detection of HCC, but its sensitivity and specificity are unsatisfactory, and optimal diagnostic markers for cirrhosis are lacking. We previously reported that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was significantly induced in HCV-infected hepatocytes. This study aimed to investigate GDF15 expression and its correlation with hepatitis virus-related liver diseases. A total of 412 patients with various liver diseases were studied. Healthy and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected subjects were included as controls. Serum and tissue GDF15 levels were measured. Serum GDF15 levels were significantly increased in patients with HCC (6.66±0.67 ng/mL, p
