'
February, 1885.]
ANOTHER CHOLERA MICROBE.?Medicines
tha addition of
the Indian ittcbttul ?alette.
head)-of
discovery
\ MICROBE.
seated
from Munich.
Dr. Emmerich,
assistant of Professor Max Vox Pettenkofer, was sent in November last by the Bavarian Government to to conduct an investigation into the nature
an
is
altogether
ed p
different from Koch
length
of each
microbe
half times that of its width.
was
about
According
one to
and
days
pin's
a
three
duration
accompanied with deepmembrane;
in the intestinal mucous
changes injection
of
ithological
larger fragment
a
lesions in the intestine ;
of the intestinal lesions the
s
cholera germ. It is described as being of cylindrical form with rounded ends, and found either singly or in pairs, and seldom with more segments than two ; and the
of
to two or
of the
of
that disease.
organism
47
.
cultivation, covering, say, an area of about a quarter an inch, suspended in water, is followed by death in from sixteen to thirty hours, but with less emphasis-
Naples of the epidemic cholera which was then prevalent in that city, and he found in the blood of a young microwoman suffering from cholera a peculiar of cause true organism which he believes to be the This
Dispensaries.
fragment (about the size
whereas the
of still another cholera microbe is
announced, this time
for
this bacterial cultivation
of five to six
The
?'?*!.
1
,
drachms of distilled water, injected subcutaneously or into the lungs, give rise to a protracted illness
FEBRUARY, 1885. ANOTHER CHOLER
a
'.I'
a
Cohn's
the Dr.
being
thus the
the more
severity marked,
protracted the course of the disease and larger the dose the earlier the fatal termination." Emmerich, therefore, concludes that his newly
more
found bacterium is the It is curious to
specific
cause
of cholera.
compare Dr. Emmerich's results
with those of Dr. Koch.
Each of these observers
yet they both of them allege that the inoculation of these totally distinct micro organisms produce one and the same
discovers
a
different
specific disease,
and
micro-organism,
each
considers that his
own
is the cause of the disease. classification, therefore, they are bacteria and not micro-organism must be apparent to our readers, on One thing bacilli, and as regards form and size are very like these two series of conflicting observathe bacterium found in diphtheria, but are to be considering is both and that that of these party statements tions, distinguished from the latter by the form presented If it cannot be true. be true that Dr. Emmerich's by their colonies" when grown in gelatine and exbacterium produces cholera, then it cannot be true He also found these amined under a low "
power. who that Dr. Koch's germ is the cause of that disease, in the internal' organisms organs of nine persons if Dr. Koch's comma-bacillus produces cholera, had died of cholera. Tliey were found to be most or, then Dr. Emmerich's bacterium cannot be the cause numerous in the kidneys and liver, then in the lungs, of cholera. There must be serious faults of observaEmmerich Dr. and least numerous in the spleen. It is, tion one or other direction. somewhere?in found that the greater number of the gelatine plates at are that both observers which were inoculated with the blood and with the however, very probable the juices of the severa1 organs in cholera yielded, even fault. We have examined several sections of in the first generation, a " pure culture'' of this bac- kidney of cholera patients stained with methyl violet terium. The microbe has also been detected without and Spiller's purple ; and in no case were there any such organisms as Dr. Emmerich describes. Jesorting to cultivation in sections of the intestine and of kidney. And great numbers may be detected in the alvine
death. Now tion.
discharges
and intestinal contents after
comes the interesting part of the communicaDr. Emmerich found that by inoculating
with pure cultivations of these bacteria animals died with well marked symptoms of cholera, the noted in the small intestine
guinea-pigs the
changes
"varying from a simple desquamative catarrh, with lice-water-like intestinal contents, to hemorrhagic "
exudation and ulcerative destruction of the mucous A couple of drops of a solution prepared by
coat.
February, 1885.]
ANOTHER CHOLERA MICROBE.?Medicines
tha addition of
the Indian ittcbttul ?alette.
head)-of
discovery
\ MICROBE.
seated
from Munich.
Dr. Emmerich,
assistant of Professor Max Vox Pettenkofer, was sent in November last by the Bavarian Government to to conduct an investigation into the nature
an
is
altogether
ed p
different from Koch
length
of each
microbe
half times that of its width.
was
about
According
one to
and
days
pin's
a
three
duration
accompanied with deepmembrane;
in the intestinal mucous
changes injection
of
ithological
larger fragment
a
lesions in the intestine ;
of the intestinal lesions the
s
cholera germ. It is described as being of cylindrical form with rounded ends, and found either singly or in pairs, and seldom with more segments than two ; and the
of
to two or
of the
of
that disease.
organism
47
.
cultivation, covering, say, an area of about a quarter an inch, suspended in water, is followed by death in from sixteen to thirty hours, but with less emphasis-
Naples of the epidemic cholera which was then prevalent in that city, and he found in the blood of a young microwoman suffering from cholera a peculiar of cause true organism which he believes to be the This
Dispensaries.
fragment (about the size
whereas the
of still another cholera microbe is
announced, this time
for
this bacterial cultivation
of five to six
The
?'?*!.
1
,
drachms of distilled water, injected subcutaneously or into the lungs, give rise to a protracted illness
FEBRUARY, 1885. ANOTHER CHOLER
a
'.I'
a
Cohn's
the Dr.
being
thus the
the more
severity marked,
protracted the course of the disease and larger the dose the earlier the fatal termination." Emmerich, therefore, concludes that his newly
more
found bacterium is the It is curious to
specific
cause
of cholera.
compare Dr. Emmerich's results
with those of Dr. Koch.
Each of these observers
yet they both of them allege that the inoculation of these totally distinct micro organisms produce one and the same
discovers
a
different
specific disease,
and
micro-organism,
each
considers that his
own
is the cause of the disease. classification, therefore, they are bacteria and not micro-organism must be apparent to our readers, on One thing bacilli, and as regards form and size are very like these two series of conflicting observathe bacterium found in diphtheria, but are to be considering is both and that that of these party statements tions, distinguished from the latter by the form presented If it cannot be true. be true that Dr. Emmerich's by their colonies" when grown in gelatine and exbacterium produces cholera, then it cannot be true He also found these amined under a low "
power. who that Dr. Koch's germ is the cause of that disease, in the internal' organisms organs of nine persons if Dr. Koch's comma-bacillus produces cholera, had died of cholera. Tliey were found to be most or, then Dr. Emmerich's bacterium cannot be the cause numerous in the kidneys and liver, then in the lungs, of cholera. There must be serious faults of observaEmmerich Dr. and least numerous in the spleen. It is, tion one or other direction. somewhere?in found that the greater number of the gelatine plates at are that both observers which were inoculated with the blood and with the however, very probable the juices of the severa1 organs in cholera yielded, even fault. We have examined several sections of in the first generation, a " pure culture'' of this bac- kidney of cholera patients stained with methyl violet terium. The microbe has also been detected without and Spiller's purple ; and in no case were there any such organisms as Dr. Emmerich describes. Jesorting to cultivation in sections of the intestine and of kidney. And great numbers may be detected in the alvine
death. Now tion.
discharges
and intestinal contents after
comes the interesting part of the communicaDr. Emmerich found that by inoculating
with pure cultivations of these bacteria animals died with well marked symptoms of cholera, the noted in the small intestine
guinea-pigs the
changes
"varying from a simple desquamative catarrh, with lice-water-like intestinal contents, to hemorrhagic "
exudation and ulcerative destruction of the mucous A couple of drops of a solution prepared by
coat.
