RESEARCH ARTICLE
Alcohol and tea consumption are associated with asymptomatic erosive esophagitis in Taiwanese men Chung-Hsin Chang1, Cheng-Pin Wu2,3, Jung-Der Wang4, Shou-Wu Lee1,5, ChiSen Chang1,5, Hong-Zen Yeh1,6, Chung-Wang Ko1,6, Han-Chung Lien1,6*
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1 Division of Gastroenterology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 2 Health Examination Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3 Preventive Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 4 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 6 Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS
Objective
Citation: Chang C-H, Wu C-P, Wang J-D, Lee S-W, Chang C-S, Yeh H-Z, et al. (2017) Alcohol and tea consumption are associated with asymptomatic erosive esophagitis in Taiwanese men. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0173230. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0173230
Asymptomatic erosive esophagitis (AEE) is commonly found in men, and might be a risk factor of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. We aimed to determine if specific dietary habits increase the risk of AEE in asymptomatic Taiwanese men.
Editor: John Green, University Hospital Llandough, UNITED KINGDOM
We recruited male adults undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for health check. We excluded subjects with reflux symptoms, or taking anti-reflux medications or drugs that potentially impair lower esophageal sphincter function or cause mucosal injury. The frequency of consuming reflux-provoking diets including alcohol, tea, coffee, tomato/citric juice, chocolate, sweet food, and spicy food was assessed. The erosive esophagitis was diagnosed based on the Los Angeles Classification after endoscopy. Frequent consumption of a specific diet was defined as 4 days/week of consuming that diet.
Received: October 28, 2016 Accepted: February 18, 2017 Published: March 6, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Chang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This study was supported by research grants from the Rong Sing Medical Foundation, RSMF-101022. CSC received the funding. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Methods
Results A total of 1256 participants were recruited. After excluding 424 ineligible subjects, AEE was identified in 180 (22%) among 832 asymptomatic subjects. The risk of AEE increased with the number of days per week of consuming alcohol or tea: nondrinkers (19%, 17%), occasional drinkers (
Alcohol and tea consumption are associated with asymptomatic erosive esophagitis in Taiwanese men Chung-Hsin Chang1, Cheng-Pin Wu2,3, Jung-Der Wang4, Shou-Wu Lee1,5, ChiSen Chang1,5, Hong-Zen Yeh1,6, Chung-Wang Ko1,6, Han-Chung Lien1,6*
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1 Division of Gastroenterology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 2 Health Examination Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3 Preventive Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 4 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 6 Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS
Objective
Citation: Chang C-H, Wu C-P, Wang J-D, Lee S-W, Chang C-S, Yeh H-Z, et al. (2017) Alcohol and tea consumption are associated with asymptomatic erosive esophagitis in Taiwanese men. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0173230. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0173230
Asymptomatic erosive esophagitis (AEE) is commonly found in men, and might be a risk factor of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. We aimed to determine if specific dietary habits increase the risk of AEE in asymptomatic Taiwanese men.
Editor: John Green, University Hospital Llandough, UNITED KINGDOM
We recruited male adults undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for health check. We excluded subjects with reflux symptoms, or taking anti-reflux medications or drugs that potentially impair lower esophageal sphincter function or cause mucosal injury. The frequency of consuming reflux-provoking diets including alcohol, tea, coffee, tomato/citric juice, chocolate, sweet food, and spicy food was assessed. The erosive esophagitis was diagnosed based on the Los Angeles Classification after endoscopy. Frequent consumption of a specific diet was defined as 4 days/week of consuming that diet.
Received: October 28, 2016 Accepted: February 18, 2017 Published: March 6, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Chang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This study was supported by research grants from the Rong Sing Medical Foundation, RSMF-101022. CSC received the funding. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Methods
Results A total of 1256 participants were recruited. After excluding 424 ineligible subjects, AEE was identified in 180 (22%) among 832 asymptomatic subjects. The risk of AEE increased with the number of days per week of consuming alcohol or tea: nondrinkers (19%, 17%), occasional drinkers (
