ETIOLOGY/OTHER
ARTICLE ANALYSIS & EVALUATION ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Prospective study of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and tooth loss. Zhan Y, Samietz S, Holtfreter B, Hannemann A, Meisel P, Nauck M, Volzke H, Wallaschofski H, Dietrich T, Kocher T. J Dent Res 2014;93(7):639-44.
REVIEWER Amy E. Millen, PhD
PURPOSE/QUESTION The authors analyzed data from a prospective, population-based study in northeast Germany to examine the association between baseline serum 25hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH)]D) concentrations, a marker of vitamin D status, and the occurrence of tooth loss and the progression of periodontal disease and caries status over a mean 5.9 years of follow-up.
SOURCE OF FUNDING German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; grant 01ZZ96030, 01ZZ0701). The Ministry of Education, Research, and Cultural Affairs, and the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (Government). Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontal Inflammatory Disease (grant 290246), Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union (Government). GABA, Switzerland, Immunodiagnostic Systems (Industry)
Adequate Vitamin D Status May Prevent Subsequent Tooth Loss SUMMARY Subjects This analysis included 911 men (48%) and 993 women (52%), age 20 to 79 years in 1996, who participated in the prospective, population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), conducted in northeast Germany.1 Two-stage cluster sampling was used to identify participants for recruitment. There were 4308 people who participated in the SHIP-0 baseline examination (1997–2001) and 3300 who participated in the first follow-up examination SHIP-1 (2002–2006). Of these, 1904 participants were available to analyze associations between 25(OH)D concentrations, assessed at SHIP-1, and the progression of periodontal disease, caries status, and incident tooth loss assessed approximately 6 years later at the second follow-up examination SHIP-2 (2008–2012).
Key Risk/Study Factor The authors investigated the risk factor of vitamin D status, assessed with the biomarker of serum 25(OH)D measured from non-fasting blood samples collected at SHIP-1. 25(OH)D concentrations were divided into quintiles (five equal groups), with quintile 5 having the highest 25(OH)D concentrations, as well as dichotomized to < and $20 mg/L (equal to 20 ng/mL and 50 nmol/L). Continuous concentrations of 25(OH)D with a 10 mg/L unit (equal to 10 ng/mL or 25 nmol/L) were also used in the analyses.
Main Outcome Measure
Cohort study (prospective)
Three outcome measures were assessed by dental examiners from SHIP-1 to SHIP-2: (1) progression of periodontal disease, assessed using a halfmouth method and a periodontal probe (excluding third molars); (2) progression of restorative or caries status, also assessed with a half-mouth method; and (3) tooth-specific incidence of tooth loss (excluding third molars). Progression of periodontal disease was defined as having clinical attachment loss (CAL) $3 mm for at least one of four sites assessed per tooth examined. Caries progression was defined as having $1 new filling or new primary or secondary carious lesion.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Main Results
Level 2: Limited-quality, patientoriented evidence
Sixty percent of the sample had 25(OH)D concentrations < 20 mg/L (
ARTICLE ANALYSIS & EVALUATION ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Prospective study of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and tooth loss. Zhan Y, Samietz S, Holtfreter B, Hannemann A, Meisel P, Nauck M, Volzke H, Wallaschofski H, Dietrich T, Kocher T. J Dent Res 2014;93(7):639-44.
REVIEWER Amy E. Millen, PhD
PURPOSE/QUESTION The authors analyzed data from a prospective, population-based study in northeast Germany to examine the association between baseline serum 25hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH)]D) concentrations, a marker of vitamin D status, and the occurrence of tooth loss and the progression of periodontal disease and caries status over a mean 5.9 years of follow-up.
SOURCE OF FUNDING German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; grant 01ZZ96030, 01ZZ0701). The Ministry of Education, Research, and Cultural Affairs, and the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (Government). Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontal Inflammatory Disease (grant 290246), Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union (Government). GABA, Switzerland, Immunodiagnostic Systems (Industry)
Adequate Vitamin D Status May Prevent Subsequent Tooth Loss SUMMARY Subjects This analysis included 911 men (48%) and 993 women (52%), age 20 to 79 years in 1996, who participated in the prospective, population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), conducted in northeast Germany.1 Two-stage cluster sampling was used to identify participants for recruitment. There were 4308 people who participated in the SHIP-0 baseline examination (1997–2001) and 3300 who participated in the first follow-up examination SHIP-1 (2002–2006). Of these, 1904 participants were available to analyze associations between 25(OH)D concentrations, assessed at SHIP-1, and the progression of periodontal disease, caries status, and incident tooth loss assessed approximately 6 years later at the second follow-up examination SHIP-2 (2008–2012).
Key Risk/Study Factor The authors investigated the risk factor of vitamin D status, assessed with the biomarker of serum 25(OH)D measured from non-fasting blood samples collected at SHIP-1. 25(OH)D concentrations were divided into quintiles (five equal groups), with quintile 5 having the highest 25(OH)D concentrations, as well as dichotomized to < and $20 mg/L (equal to 20 ng/mL and 50 nmol/L). Continuous concentrations of 25(OH)D with a 10 mg/L unit (equal to 10 ng/mL or 25 nmol/L) were also used in the analyses.
Main Outcome Measure
Cohort study (prospective)
Three outcome measures were assessed by dental examiners from SHIP-1 to SHIP-2: (1) progression of periodontal disease, assessed using a halfmouth method and a periodontal probe (excluding third molars); (2) progression of restorative or caries status, also assessed with a half-mouth method; and (3) tooth-specific incidence of tooth loss (excluding third molars). Progression of periodontal disease was defined as having clinical attachment loss (CAL) $3 mm for at least one of four sites assessed per tooth examined. Caries progression was defined as having $1 new filling or new primary or secondary carious lesion.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Main Results
Level 2: Limited-quality, patientoriented evidence
Sixty percent of the sample had 25(OH)D concentrations < 20 mg/L (
